scholarly journals Telomere length: population epidemiology and concordance in Australian children aged 11–12 years and their parents

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. 118-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minh Thien Nguyen ◽  
Kate Lycett ◽  
Regan Vryer ◽  
David P Burgner ◽  
Sarath Ranganathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Telomere Length ◽  
Globin Gene ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Telomeric Dna ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relative Telomere Length ◽  
Parent Child

ObjectivesTo (1) describe the epidemiology of child and adult telomere length, and (2) investigate parent–child telomere length concordance.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study within the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children.SettingAssessment centres in seven major Australian cities and eight selected regional towns; February 2015 to March 2016.ParticipantsOf 1874 participating families, telomere data were available for analysis for 1206 children and 1343 parents, of whom 1143 were parent–child pairs. There were 589 boys and 617 girls; 175 fathers and 1168 mothers.Outcome measuresRelative telomere length (T/S ratio), calculated by comparing telomeric DNA (T) level with the single copy (S) beta-globin gene in venous blood-derived genomic DNA by quantitative real-time PCR.ResultsMean T/S ratio for all children, boys and girls was 1.09 (SD 0.56), 1.05 (SD 0.53) and 1.13 (SD 0.59), respectively. Mean T/S ratio for all parents, fathers and mothers was 0.81 (SD 0.37), 0.82 (SD 0.36) and 0.81 (SD 0.38), respectively. Parent–child T/S ratio concordance was moderate (correlation 0.24). In adjusted regression models, one unit higher parent T/S ratio was associated with 0.36 (estimated linear regression coefficient (β); 95% CI 0.28 to 0.45) higher child T/S ratio. Concordance was higher in the youngest parent-age tertile (β 0.49; 95% CI 0.34 to 0.64) compared with the middle (β 0.35; 95% CI 0.21 to 0.48) and oldest tertile (β 0.26; 95% CI 0.11 to 0.41; p-trend 0.04). Father–child concordance was 0.34 (95% CI 0.18 to 0.48), while mother–child was 0.22 (95% CI 0.17 to 0.28).ConclusionsWe provide telomere length population values for children aged 11–12 years and their mid-life parents. Relative telomere length was shorter in adults than children, as expected. There was modest evidence of parent–child concordance, which diminished with increasing parent age.

scholarly journals Telomere Length in Patients with Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nithita Nanthatanti ◽  
Adisak Tantiworawit ◽  
Pokpong Piriyakhuntorn ◽  
Thanawat Rattanathammethee ◽  
Sasinee Hantrakool ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Overload ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Repair System ◽  
Leukocyte Telomere Length ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Thalassemia is a hereditary hemolytic anemia with a severity ranging from mild, non-transfusion dependent to severe chronic anemia requiring lifelong transfusion. Transfusional iron overload is a major complication in patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT). Telomeres are sequences of nucleotides forming the end caps of chromosomes that act as a DNA repair system. Iron overload in thalassemia can cause increased oxidative stress which leads to cellular damage and senescence. This may result in telomere length shortening. The degree of telomere length shortening may reflect the severity of thalassemia. Methods: This research aimed to study the leukocyte telomere length in patients with TDT in comparison to non-thalassemic individuals and to identify the clinical and laboratory parameters that are associated with telomere length. We conducted a cross-sectional study in patients with TDT aged ≥18 years. Leukocyte telomere length was measured by real-time quantitative PCR. Results: Sixty-five patients with TDT were enrolled onto the study. There were 37 female patients (54.4%). The median age was 27 (18-57) years, and mean pre-transfusion hemoglobin level was 7.1±1.07 g/dL. The mean telomere to single copy gene (T/S) ratios of patients with TDT and the controls were 0.72±0.18 and 0.99±0.25, respectively (p <0.0001). There was a significant correlation between the T/S ratio and age (p = 0.0002), and hemoglobin level (p = 0.044). There was no correlation between telomere length and other factors. Conclusions: Our study showed that TDT patients had shorter leukocyte telomere length compared with controls. Leukocyte telomere shortening in TDT was an aging-dependent process and associated with lower hemoglobin level.

scholarly journals Very high relative seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among communities in Bangui, Central African Republic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Manirakiza ◽  
Christian Malaka ◽  
Brice Martial Yambiyo ◽  
Saint Calver Henri Diemer ◽  
Jean de Dieu Longo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Central African Republic ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Level

Background: Large-scale population-based seroprevalence studies of SARS-CoV-2 are essential to characterize the cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and to extrapolate the prevalence of presumptive immunity at the population level. Objective: The objective of our survey was to estimate the cumulative population immunity for COVID-19 and to identify individual characteristics associated with a positive serostatus. Method: This was a clustered cross-sectional study conducted from July 12 to August 20, 2021, in households in the city of Bangui, the capital of the Central African Republic. Information regarding demographic characteristics (age, gender, and place of residence), comorbidities (chronic diseases) was collected. A venous blood sample was obtained for each participant to determine the level of total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using a WANTAI SARS-CoV-2 Ab ELISA kit. Results: All up, 799 participants were surveyed. The average age was 27 years, and 45.8% of the respondents were male (sex ratio: 0.8). The overall proportion of respondents with a positive serostatus was 74.1%. Participants over 20 years of age were twice as likely to have a positive serostatus, with an OR of 2.2 (95% CI: [1.6, 3.1]). Interpretation: The results of this survey revealed a high cumulative level of immunity in Bangui, thus indicating a significant degree of spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the population. The public health implications of this high level of immunity to SARS-CoV-2, particularly on its variants burden, remain to be determined.

scholarly journals pQCT bone geometry and strength: population epidemiology and concordance in Australian children aged 11–12 years and their parents

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. 63-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Vlok ◽  
Peter J Simm ◽  
Kate Lycett ◽  
Susan A Clifford ◽  
Anneke C Grobler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Bone Geometry ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Quantitative Ct ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Cortical Density ◽  
Parent Child

ObjectivesTo describe the epidemiology and concordance of bone health in a population-based sample of Australian parent-child dyads at child age 11–12 years.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study (the Child Health CheckPoint) nested between waves 6 and 7 of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC).SettingAssessment centres in seven cities around Australia, February 2015–March 2016.Participants: of all participating CheckPoint families (n=1874), bone data were available for 1222 dyads (1271 children, 50% girls; 1250 parents, 86% mothers).Outcome measuresPeripheral quantitative CT (pQCT) of the non-dominant leg scanned at the 4% (distal) and 66% (mid-calf) tibial sites. Stratec XCT 2000 software generated estimates of bone density, geometry and polar stress-strain index.Parent-child concordance were assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficients and multivariable linear regression models. Percentiles were determined using survey weights. Survey weights and methods accounted for LSAC’s complex sampling, stratification and clustering within postcodes.ResultsConcordances were greater for the geometric pQCT parameters (periosteal circumference 0.38, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.43; endosteal circumference 0.42, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.47; total cross-sectional area 0.37, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.42) than density (cortical density 0.25, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.30). Mother-child and father-child values were similar. Relationships attenuated only slightly on adjustment for age, sex and body mass index. Percentiles and concordance are presented for the whole sample and by sex.ConclusionsThere is strong parent-child concordance in bone geometry and, to a lesser extent, density even before the period of peak adolescent bone deposition. This geometrical concordance suggests that future intergenerational bone studies could consider using pQCT rather than the more commonly used dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

scholarly journals Telomere Dynamics in the Diploid and Triploid Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Assessed by Q-FISH Analysis

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ligia Panasiak ◽  
Stefan Dobosz ◽  
Konrad Ocalewicz
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Telomeric Dna ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Telomere Dynamics

Changes of telomere length with age were assessed in diploid and triploid rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) females in the cross-sectional study using Q-FISH technique. Triploid trout as sterile do not invest an energy in gametogenesis and continue to grow, whereas fertile diploid individuals suffer from declines in growth and survival during sexual maturation. However, triploid and diploid specimens exhibited similar patterns of telomere dynamics. Telomere length in the embryos, larvae and one-year-old juveniles did not change significantly. In the second year after hatching, subadults exhibited substantially shortened telomeres, while significant increase of the telomere length was reported in the three-year-old adults. On the other hand, correlation between telomere length and body size was observed in the triploid, but not in the diploid rainbow trout. Telomere shortening observed in two-year-old subadults may have been associated with the premature period of the fast growth in rainbow trout. Similar pattern of the telomere dynamics reported in the fertile diploids and sterile triploids indicated processes related to reproduction did not affect telomere dynamics in this species. Unexpected increase of the telomere length reported during the third year of life confirmed that in rainbow trout telomeric DNA shortens and lengthens, depending on the developmental stage.

scholarly journals Sero prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in general population of Nagpur district

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 3952
Author(s):  
Sarita K. Sharma ◽  
Pragati G. Rathod ◽  
Ujwala U. Ukey ◽  
Uday W. Narlawar ◽  
Sanjay Zodpey
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Background Population ◽  
Nagpur District ◽  
Spread Of Infection

Background: Population based sero-epidemiological studies help us to determine the burden of COVID-19 infection at the community level and to monitor the trends in transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Antibody based sero-positivity indicates the extent of spread of infection in the given population and forms the basis for strengthening public health mitigation measures. The present study was carried out with the objective of conducting population level serosurvey in Nagpur district to understand the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and to help the designing and implementation of appropriate health system and policy level interventions. This cross-sectional study was carried out in Nagpur District over two weeks in October and November 2020. For the purpose of this survey the Nagpur district was divided into NMC area and Non NMC area.Methods: House to house survey was carried out and data was collected using Google form. For detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies venous blood was collected from each participant and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was performed. The data was cleaned, coded and analysed using EPI INFO.Results: The total seroprevalence in Nagpur district was found to be 35.17 %. The seroprevalance in NMC area was 49.7% which was more than twice from that of Non NMC area (20.7%).Conclusions: Considerably large numbers of infections are asymptomatic, however a sizeable proportion of population is still susceptible to the infection and thus there is no time for complacency.

scholarly journals CORRELATION BETWEEN PHYTOESTROGENS INTAKE WITH TELOMERE LENGTH IN MINANGKABAU PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Desmawati Desmawati ◽  
Delmi Sulastri ◽  
Yuniar Lestari ◽  
Jamsari Jamsari
Keyword(s):  
Telomere Length ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Estradiol Level ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Estradiol Levels

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between phytoestrogens intake with telomere length in premenopausal Minangkabau ethnicity women.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Padang city, to 113 premenopausal Minangkabau ethnic 40–54 years old. Food intake data were obtained by an interview by trained enumerators using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Telomere examination was done from 3 ml of venous blood. Telomere length examination by modification of O’Callaghan and Fenech method. Estradiol level was measured by the ELISA technique.Results: This research indicated an average telomere length was 554.79±426.81 bp, estradiol level was 149.47±52.26 pg/ml, and phytoestrogens intake was 37.95±32.25 mg/day. There were the differences between phytoestrogens intake and telomere length based on estradiol levels. Then, there was no significant correlation between phytoestrogens intake and telomere length.Conclusion: There is no significant positive correlation between phytoestrogens intake and telomere length of premenopausal women in the Minangkabau ethnic.

scholarly journals Albuminuria: population epidemiology and concordance in Australian children aged 11–12 years and their parents

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas G Larkins ◽  
Siah Kim ◽  
John B Carlin ◽  
Anneke C Grobler ◽  
David P Burgner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urine Albumin ◽  
Genetic Heritability ◽  
Parent Child

ObjectivesTo describe the distribution of albuminuria among Australian children aged 11–12 years and their parents, and assess its intergenerational concordance within parent–child dyads.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study (the Child Health CheckPoint), nested within the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children.SettingAssessment centres (seven Australian cities and eight regional towns) and home visits across Australia, February 2015 to March 2016.ParticipantsOf all participating CheckPoint families (n=1874), 1557 children (46.2% girls) and 1454 parents (85.5% mothers) provided random urine samples at the visit; samples from menstruating females were excluded.Outcome measuresUrine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) and its components (urine albumin and creatinine concentration); albuminuria was defined as an ACR ≥3.4 mg/mmol. Pearson’s correlation coefficients and multivariable linear regression models assessed parent–child concordance, using log-transformed data due to skewing. Survey weights and methods were applied to account for the complex sample design.ResultsThe median ACR for children was 1.03 mg/mmol (IQR 0.65–1.97) and 1.01 mg/mmol (IQR 0.60–2.09) for adults. The median ACR was higher in girls (1.20, IQR 0.71–2.65) than boys (0.90, IQR 0.61–1.65) and in mothers (1.13, IQR 0.63–2.33) than fathers (0.66, IQR 0.41–1.05). Albuminuria was detected in 15.1% of children (girls 20.8%, boys 10.1%) and 13.5% of adults (15.1% mothers, 4.0% fathers) had albuminuria. There was a small correlation between parent and child ACR (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.12).ConclusionsAlbuminuria is common among Australian children and adults, which is of concern because it predicts risk for kidney and cardiovascular disease, and mortality. The weak concordance among intergenerational pairs for urine ACR suggests either that genetic heritability is low or that it becomes evident only at later offspring life stages.

scholarly journals An Optimised Step-by-Step Protocol for Measuring Relative Telomere Length

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mugdha V. Joglekar ◽  
Sarang N. Satoor ◽  
Wilson K.M. Wong ◽  
Feifei Cheng ◽  
Ronald C.W. Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Telomere Length ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Fragment Analysis ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Relative Telomere Length ◽  
Health And Disease

Telomeres represent the nucleotide repeat sequences at the ends of chromosomes and are essential for chromosome stability. They can shorten at each round of DNA replication mainly because of incomplete DNA synthesis of the lagging strand. Reduced relative telomere length is associated with aging and a range of disease states. Different methods such as terminal restriction fragment analysis, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization are available to measure telomere length; however, the qPCR-based method is commonly used for large population-based studies. There are multiple variations across qPCR-based methods, including the choice of the single-copy gene, primer sequences, reagents, and data analysis methods in the different reported studies so far. Here, we provide a detailed step-by-step protocol that we have optimized and successfully tested in the hands of other users. This protocol will help researchers interested in measuring relative telomere lengths in cells or across larger clinical cohort/study samples to determine associations of telomere length with health and disease.

scholarly journals Leukocyte Telomere Length in Patients with Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nithita Nanthatanti ◽  
Adisak Tantiworawit ◽  
Pokpong Piriyakhuntorn ◽  
Thanawat Rattanathammethee ◽  
Sasinee Hantrakool ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Overload ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Repair System ◽  
Leukocyte Telomere Length ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Thalassemia is a hereditary hemolytic anemia with a severity ranging from mild, non-transfusion dependent to severe chronic anemia requiring lifelong transfusion. Transfusional iron overload is a major complication in patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT). Telomeres are sequences of nucleotides forming the end caps of chromosomes that act as a DNA repair system. Iron overload in thalassemia can cause increased oxidative stress which leads to cellular damage and senescence. This may result in telomere length shortening. The degree of telomere length shortening may reflect the severity of thalassemia. Methods: This research aimed to study the leukocyte telomere length in patients with TDT in comparison to non-thalassemic individuals and to identify the clinical and laboratory parameters that are associated with telomere length. We conducted a cross-sectional study in patients with TDT aged ³18 years. Leukocyte telomere length was measured by real-time quantitative PCR. Results: Sixty-five patients with TDT were enrolled onto the study. There were 37 female patients (54.4%). The median age was 27 (18-57) years, and mean pre-transfusion hemoglobin level was 7.1 (± 1.07) g/dL. The mean telomere to single copy gene (T/S) ratios of patients with TDT and the controls were 0.72±0.18 and 0.99±0.25, respectively (p <0.0001). There was a significant correlation between the T/S ratio and age (p = 0.0002), and hemoglobin level (p = 0.044). There was no correlation between telomere length and other factors. Conclusions: Our study showed that TDT patients had shorter leukocyte telomere length compared with controls. Leukocyte telomere shortening in TDT was an aging-dependent process and associated with lower hemoglobin level.

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