scholarly journals Non-medical determinants of perinatal health: protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e031437
Author(s):  
Leonie A Daalderop ◽  
Marjolein W de Groot ◽  
Lindsey van der Meer ◽  
Eric A P Steegers ◽  
Loes C M Bertens
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Perinatal Health ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Social Environmental

IntroductionResearch focusing on the associations between non-medical determinants and unfavourable perinatal health outcomes is increasing. Despite increasing knowledge on this theme, it still remains unclear to what extent social, environmental and lifestyle factors contribute to these unfavourable outcomes. Therefore, we aim to provide a systematic review, preferably with meta-analysis, in order to provide insight into the associations between non-medical determinants and perinatal mortality, preterm birth and being small for gestational age (SGA).Methods and analysisObservational studies performed in European countries studying the associations between non-medical determinants and unfavourable perinatal health outcomes will be included. Primary outcomes of interest are perinatal mortality, preterm birth and SGA. To retrieve potential eligible articles, a systematic literature search was performed in the following online databases on 5 October 2018: MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane and Google Scholar. Additionally, a reference list check and citation search will be performed. Data of the included articles will be extracted using a standardised and piloted data extraction form. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The study selection and data extraction process will be performed by two reviewers independently. Disagreements will be resolved through discussion with a third reviewer. The pooled effects will be calculated separately for each association found between one of the outcome measures and the non-medical determinants using a random effects model. Heterogeneity of the studies will be assessed using the I2statistic.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval is necessary for a systematic review with meta-analysis. The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018056105.

scholarly journals Do social relationships mediate or moderate social inequalities in health? A systematic review protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Khaliq ◽  
Anne McMunn ◽  
Carolina Machuca-Vargas ◽  
Anja Heilmann
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
English Language ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Database Search ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract IntroductionExplanations for health inequalities include material, behavioural and psychosocial pathways. Social relationships are an important determinant of health, and research has consistently found that a lack of support networks may diminish favourable health outcomes. There is some evidence that social network structures, partly shaped by socioeconomic factors, contribute to health inequalities. This protocol will summarise the systematic review process.Methods and analysesThe Systematic review will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. An electronic database search of MEDLINE, Embase Classic + Embase, and PsychINFO using the OvidSP platform will be undertaken. Articles published in the English language that have quantitatively assessed the role of social relationships in mediating or moderating health inequalities will be included and any health outcome (mental/physical) will be considered. The database search will be supplemented by reference list screening of all relevant full-text articles identified through the search. Two independent reviewers will be responsible for screening of articles, data extraction and assessment of bias. Studies will be risk assessed for bias using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. It is anticipated that the eligible studies will be highly variable; therefore, a meta-analysis will only be considered if the available data of the selected studies are similar. If the studies are too heterogeneous, a narrative synthesis of the extracted data will be presented. ConclusionThe results of the systematic review will examine the link between social relationships and health inequalities. The findings of the review will identify gaps in knowledge where further research is needed. Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42020181706

Preterm Birth and Breast Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Razavi ◽  
Mahdi Sepidarkish ◽  
Arezoo Maleki-Hajiagha ◽  
Samira Vesali ◽  
Amir Almasi-Hashiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
More Care ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Significant Increment

Abstract Background: The characteristics of pregnancy, such as gestational age are related to the level of maternal hormones, which levels of these hormones can be associated with breast cancer (BC) risk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the preterm birth (PB) and BC risk in women in a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, published studies were located back to the earliest available publication date (1983), using the Medline/PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science (Clarivate analytics) bibliographic databases. Eligibility, methodological quality, and data extraction were done by two independent reviewers, and finally, to calculate the pooled estimates, Meta-analysis was performed.Results: Thirteen studies including a total of 2,845,553 women were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled results suggested that PB could increase the risk of BC (RR= 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.07; I2= 62.5%). Risk was significantly increased in women with a PB at >37 gestational weeks (RR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.06) and 26-31 gestational weeks (RR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.06) compared to those with 40-41 gestational weeks. A significant increment in the risk of BC in uniparous women with a PB (RR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.08) and women with >45 years (RR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.24) was observed. Conclusions: The results of this study supported the higher risk of BC in all woman with PB, primiparous women and women with >45 years. Therefore, more care and screening for early detection of the disease is recommended in these women.

scholarly journals Sedentary behaviour levels in adults with an intellectual disability: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Louise Lynch ◽  
Mary McCarron ◽  
Philip McCallion ◽  
Eilish Burke
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
High Prevalence

Background: Sedentary behaviour (SB), which is characterised by low levels of energy expenditure, has been linked to increased cardio-metabolic risks, obesity and mortality, as well as cancer risk. No firm guidelines are established on safe levels of SB. Adults with an intellectual disability (ID) have poorer health than their counterparts in the general population with higher rates of multi-morbidity, inactivity, and obesity. The reasons for this health disparity are unclear however it is known that SB and overall inactivity contribute to poorer health. There is no clear picture of the levels of SB among individuals with ID therefore SB levels in this vulnerable population need to be examined. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the prevalence of sedentary behaviour in adults with an ID.   Methods: The PRISMA-P framework was applied to identify high quality articles. An extensive search was carried out in four databases and grey literature sources . In total, 1,972 articles were retrieved of which 48 articles went forward for full review after duplicate removal and screening by title and abstract. The National Institute of Health’s quality assessment tools were used to assess article quality. Two reviewers independently assessed each article. An excel spreadsheet was created to guide the data extraction process. The final review included 25 articles. A meta-analysis was completed using REVMAN.   Results: Different SB assessment types were identified in studies. These included steps, time, questionnaires, and screen time. Studies were heterogeneous. Observed daily steps per individual ranged from 44 to above 30,000, with an average of approximately 6,500 steps. Mean daily time spent in SBs was more than 60% of available time, with observed screen time of more than 3 hours.  Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of SB in adults with an intellectual disability.   [Registration no: Index CRD42020177225].

scholarly journals Effects of Dance on Pain in Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Murillo-García ◽  
Santos Villafaina ◽  
José C. Adsuar ◽  
Narcis Gusi ◽  
Daniel Collado-Mateo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Evidence Database ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Objective. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review on the effectiveness of dance-based programs in patients with fibromyalgia, as well as calculate the overall effect size of the improvements, through a meta-analysis. Methods. The Cochrane Library, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), PubMed, TRIP, and Web of Science (WOS) were selected to identify the articles included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. A total of seven articles fulfilled all inclusion and exclusion criteria. PRISMA guidelines were followed in the data extraction process. The level of evidence was established following guidelines from the Dutch Institute for Healthcare Improvement (CBO). Results. The studies were all randomized controlled trials, but not double-blind. Duration of dance programs ranged from 12 to 24 weeks. Sessions lasted between 60 and 120 minutes and were performed 1-2 times per week. The overall effect size for pain was -1.64 with a 95% CI from -2.69 to -0.59 which can be interpreted as large. In addition, significant improvements were observed in quality of life, depression, impact of the disease, anxiety, and physical function. Conclusion. Dance-based intervention programs can be an effective intervention for people suffering from fibromyalgia, leading to a significant reduction of the level of pain with an effect size that can be considered as large. However, findings and conclusions from this meta-analysis must be taken with caution due to the small number of articles and the large heterogeneity.

scholarly journals Sedentary behaviour levels in adults with an intellectual disability: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Louise Lynch ◽  
Mary McCarron ◽  
Philip McCallion ◽  
Eilish Burke
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
High Prevalence

Background: Sedentary behaviour (SB), which is characterised by low levels of energy expenditure, has been linked to increased cardio-metabolic risks, obesity and mortality, as well as cancer risk. No firm guidelines are established on safe levels of SB. Adults with an intellectual disability (ID) have poorer health than their counterparts in the general population with higher rates of multi-morbidity, inactivity, and obesity. The reasons for this health disparity are unclear however it is known that SB and overall inactivity contribute to poorer health. There is no clear picture of the levels of SB among individuals with ID therefore SB levels in this vulnerable population need to be examined. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the prevalence of sedentary behaviour in adults with an ID.   Methods: The PRISMA-P framework was applied to identify high quality articles. An extensive search was carried out in four databases and grey literature sources . In total, 1,972 articles were retrieved of which 48 articles went forward for full review after duplicate removal and screening by title and abstract. The National Institute of Health’s quality assessment tools were used to assess article quality. Two reviewers independently assessed each article. An excel spreadsheet was created to guide the data extraction process. The final review included 25 articles. A meta-analysis was completed using REVMAN.   Results: Different SB assessment types were identified in studies. These included steps, time, questionnaires, and screen time. Studies were heterogeneous. Observed daily steps per individual ranged from 44 to above 30,000, with an average of approximately 6,500 steps. Mean daily time spent in SBs was more than 60% of available time, with observed screen time of more than 3 hours.  Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of SB in adults with an intellectual disability.   [Registration no: Index CRD42020177225].

scholarly journals Misuse of medication in adult substance misuse services: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e047283
Author(s):  
Rosalind Gittins ◽  
Louise Missen ◽  
Ian Maidment
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionThere is a growing concern about the misuse of over the counter (OTC) and prescription only medication (POM) because of the impact on physical and mental health, drug interactions, overdoses and drug-related deaths. These medicines include opioid analgesics, anxiolytics such as pregabalin and diazepam and antidepressants. This protocol outlines how a systematic review will be undertaken (during June 2021), which aims to examine the literature on the pattern of OTC and POM misuse among adults who are accessing substance misuse treatment services. It will include the types of medication being taken, prevalence and demographic characteristics of people who access treatment services.Methods and analysisAn electronic search will be conducted on the Cochrane, OVID Medline, Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science databases as well as grey literature. Two independent reviewers will conduct the initial title and abstract screenings, using predetermined criteria for inclusion and exclusion. If selected for inclusion, full-text data extraction will be conducted using a pilot-tested data extraction form. A third reviewer will resolve disagreements if consensus cannot be reached. Quality and risk of bias assessment will be conducted for all included studies. A qualitative synthesis and summary of the data will be provided. If possible, a meta-analysis with heterogeneity calculation will be conducted; otherwise, Synthesis Without Meta-analysis will be undertaken for quantitative data. The reporting of this protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required. Findings will be peer reviewed, published and shared verbally, electronically and in print, with interested clinicians and policymakers.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020135216.

scholarly journals Prevalence of retinopathy in prediabetes: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e040997
Author(s):  
Varo Kirthi ◽  
Paul Nderitu ◽  
Uazman Alam ◽  
Jennifer Evans ◽  
Sarah Nevitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Fundus Photography ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cochrane Library

IntroductionThere is growing evidence of a higher than expected prevalence of retinopathy in prediabetes. This paper presents the protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis of retinopathy in prediabetes. The aim of the review is to estimate the prevalence of retinopathy in prediabetes and to summarise the current data.Methods and analysisThis protocol is developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. A comprehensive electronic bibliographic search will be conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Google Scholar and the Cochrane Library. Eligible studies will report prevalence data for retinopathy on fundus photography in adults with prediabetes. No time restrictions will be placed on the date of publication. Screening for eligible studies and data extraction will be conducted by two reviewers independently, using predefined inclusion criteria and prepiloted data extraction forms. Disagreements between the reviewers will be resolved by discussion, and if required, a third (senior) reviewer will arbitrate.The primary outcome is the prevalence of any standard features of diabetic retinopathy (DR) on fundus photography, as per International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale (ICDRSS) classification. Secondary outcomes are the prevalence of (1) any retinal microvascular abnormalities on fundus photography that are not standard features of DR as per ICDRSS classification and (2) any macular microvascular abnormalities on fundus photography, including but not limited to the presence of macular exudates, microaneurysms and haemorrhages. Risk of bias for included studies will be assessed using a validated risk of bias tool for prevalence studies. Pooled estimates for the prespecified outcomes of interest will be calculated using random effects meta-analytic techniques. Heterogeneity will be assessed using the I2 statistic.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required as this is a protocol for a systematic review and no primary data are to be collected. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and presentations at national and international meetings including Diabetes UK, European Association for the Study of Diabetes, American Diabetes Association and International Diabetes Federation conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020184820.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Antalgic Therapies in Patients with Vertebral Bone Metastasis: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3991
Author(s):  
Antonio Jose Martin-Perez ◽  
María Fernández-González ◽  
Paula Postigo-Martin ◽  
Marc Sampedro Pilegaard ◽  
Carolina Fernández-Lao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bone Metastasis ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Vertebral Metastasis ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials

There is no systematic review that has identified existing studies evaluating the pharmacological and non-pharmacological intervention for pain management in patients with bone metastasis. To fill this gap in the literature, this systematic review with meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of different antalgic therapies (pharmacological and non-pharmacological) in the improvement of pain of these patients. To this end, this protocol has been written according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020135762). A systematic search will be carried out in four international databases: Medline (Via PubMed), Web of Science, Cochrane Library and SCOPUS, to select the randomized controlled clinical trials. The Risk of Bias Tool developed by Cochrane will be used to assess the risk of bias and the quality of the identified studies. A narrative synthesis will be used to describe and compare the studies, and after the data extraction, random effects model and a subgroup analyses will be performed according to the type of intervention, if possible. This protocol aims to generate a systematic review that compiles and synthesizes the best and most recent evidence on the treatment of pain derived from vertebral metastasis.

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