The effects of health behaviours and beliefs based on message framing among patients with chronic diseases: a systematic review

ObjectiveThe effectiveness of integrating message framing into educational interventions to promote the health behaviour of patients with chronic diseases is still being debated in nursing research. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of educational interventions based on gain and loss frames on the health behaviours and beliefs of patients with chronic diseases and to identify the frame that achieves better outcomes.DesignThe systematic review was based on PRISMA guidelines for comprehensively searching, appraising and synthesising research evidence.Data sourcesWe searched the PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO and CINAHL databases for reports published from database inception until 26 March 2021.Eligibility criteriaIntervention studies, published in English, with adult patients with chronic disease conditions, and with intervention contents involved in the implementation of message framing, were considered. The outcomes were health behaviours or beliefs, such as knowledge, self-efficacy, intention or attitudes.Data extraction and synthesisData extraction and entry were performed using a predesigned data extraction form and assessed independently by two reviewers using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias I.ResultsA total of 11 intervention studies were included. We found that educational intervention based on both gain and loss frames could enhance the positive effects of communication, and promote healthy behaviours and beliefs in patients with chronic disease. Many of the studies we included here showed the advantage of loss framing messages. Due to the limited number of articles included and without quantitative analysis, this result should be interpreted cautiously.ConclusionsIntegrating message framing into health education might be a promising strategy to motivate patients with chronic disease to improve their health behaviours and beliefs. More extensive and well-designed trials are needed to support the conclusions and discuss the effective framing, moderators and mediators of framing.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021250931.

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The Effectiveness of a Chronic Disease Self-Management Program for Elderly People: a Systematic Review

Elderly Health Journal ◽

10.18502/ehj.v6i1.3416 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Khairunnisa Mansoor ◽

Hussain Maqbool Ahmed Khuwaja

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Chronic Disease ◽

Elderly People ◽

Chronic Conditions ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Health Behaviours ◽

Chronically Ill ◽

Management Program ◽

Self Management ◽

The Impact

Introduction: Elderly population is increasing in Pakistan. Majority of people aged 50 – 64, suffer from two or more chronic conditions. Care of elderly people is sub-optimal. Healthcare system has limited resources to provide healthcare support to elderly people. Thus, there is need to empower the elderly to self-manage their health conditions. Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) is the most widely accepted self-management patient education program. It is designed to help people to gain confidence and skills to better manage their chronic conditions. Evidence of the effectiveness of CDSMP specifically for elderly people aged 60 years and above is lacking. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to determine the effects of the program among chronically ill elderly people. Methods: MEDLINED, CINHAL, EMBASE, PSYINFO, JBI and ASSIA were searched between April and May, 2020 for studies that tested the effects of generic CDSMP. A total of 750 articles were identified, of which 5 were included in the core review (four randomized controlled trials and one quasi-experimental). Results: Eligible 5 studies yielded 2971 participants (mean aged 60.4 to 76.0 years). Elder people who participated in CDSMP improved their self-efficacy to manage disease in general and to manage symptoms. The effects on health status were mixed. Self-rated health and health distress showed significant improvement. Some health behaviours showed improvement, particularly exercise component showed significant improvement. For health services utilization, there was no improvement. Conclusion: The result of this review suggests that CDSMP is beneficial for elderly people who attended the structured CDSMP either through a trained care provider or layman. Experimental studies in low and middle income countries, with large sample sizes are suggested to further understand the impact of CDSMP.

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Interventions to Reduce the Impact of Chronic Disease: Community-Based Arthritis Patient Education

Annual Review of Nursing Research ◽

10.1891/0739-6686.15.1.101 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 101-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

JEAN GOEPPINGER ◽

KATE LORIG

Keyword(s):

Chronic Disease ◽

Patient Education ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Social Impact ◽

Educational Interventions ◽

Community Based ◽

Medical Care System ◽

Community Environments ◽

The Individual ◽

The Impact

Systematic development and testing of the efficacy of educational interventions to improve functioning, prevent disability, and reduce the impact of chronic disease has been limited, perhaps because many chronic diseases disable, do not kill, and because they are managed largely within home, work, and community environments and not within the medical care system. Until recently, these factors contributed to a paucity of arthritis educational interventions. But since the impetus provided by the establishment of the Multipurpose Arthritis Centers Program of the NIH (1977), a number of arthritis patient education programs have been established and evaluated. This chapter summarizes findings from community-based arthritis patient education studies conducted between 1980 and 1995, critiques the methods of these studies, and provides guidance for state-of-the-art community-based intervention research aimed at reducing the individual and social impact of arthritis and other chronic diseases.

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Misuse of medication in adult substance misuse services: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047283 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. e047283

Author(s):

Rosalind Gittins ◽

Louise Missen ◽

Ian Maidment

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Substance Misuse ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Opioid Analgesics ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Qualitative Synthesis ◽

Treatment Services ◽

The Impact

IntroductionThere is a growing concern about the misuse of over the counter (OTC) and prescription only medication (POM) because of the impact on physical and mental health, drug interactions, overdoses and drug-related deaths. These medicines include opioid analgesics, anxiolytics such as pregabalin and diazepam and antidepressants. This protocol outlines how a systematic review will be undertaken (during June 2021), which aims to examine the literature on the pattern of OTC and POM misuse among adults who are accessing substance misuse treatment services. It will include the types of medication being taken, prevalence and demographic characteristics of people who access treatment services.Methods and analysisAn electronic search will be conducted on the Cochrane, OVID Medline, Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science databases as well as grey literature. Two independent reviewers will conduct the initial title and abstract screenings, using predetermined criteria for inclusion and exclusion. If selected for inclusion, full-text data extraction will be conducted using a pilot-tested data extraction form. A third reviewer will resolve disagreements if consensus cannot be reached. Quality and risk of bias assessment will be conducted for all included studies. A qualitative synthesis and summary of the data will be provided. If possible, a meta-analysis with heterogeneity calculation will be conducted; otherwise, Synthesis Without Meta-analysis will be undertaken for quantitative data. The reporting of this protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required. Findings will be peer reviewed, published and shared verbally, electronically and in print, with interested clinicians and policymakers.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020135216.

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988 The Prevalence and Incidence of Gender Bias and Sexual Discrimination in Orthopaedics, and Mitigating Strategies: A Systematic Review

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1093/bjs/znab135.016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

A Elbayouk ◽

U Halim ◽

A Ali ◽

S Javed ◽

C Cullen

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Gender Bias ◽

Role Models ◽

Educational Interventions ◽

Original Research ◽

Sexual Discrimination ◽

Orthopaedic Training ◽

Orthopaedic Community ◽

Training Programmes ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background The aim of this systematic review was to outline the prevalence and impact of Gender bias and sexual discrimination (GBSD) in orthopaedics, and to investigate interventions countering such behaviours. Method Original research papers pertaining to the prevalence and impact of gender bias or sexual discrimination, or mitigating strategies in orthopaedics, were suitable for inclusion. PRISMA guidelines were adhered to in this review. Results Of 570 papers, 27 were eligible for inclusion. A total of 13 papers discussed the prevalence of GBSD, whilst 13 related to the impact of these behaviours, and 6 discussed mitigating strategies. GBSD were found to be prevalent in the orthopaedic workplace, with all sources showing females to be the victims. The impact of GBSD includes poor workforce representation, lower salaries, barriers to career progression, and reduced academic output for females in orthopaedics. Mitigating strategies in the literature are focussed on encouraging females to apply for orthopaedic training programmes, by providing female role models, mentors, and educational interventions. Conclusions GBSD are highly prevalent in orthopaedic surgery, impacting females at all stages of their careers. Mitigating strategies have been tested but are limited in their scope. As such, the orthopaedic community as a whole is obliged to do more to tackle GBSD.

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Positive Masculinities and Gender-Based Violence Educational Interventions Among Young People: A Systematic Review

Trauma Violence & Abuse ◽

10.1177/15248380211030242 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 152483802110302

Author(s):

Vanesa Pérez-Martínez ◽

Jorge Marcos-Marcos ◽

Ariadna Cerdán-Torregrosa ◽

Erica Briones-Vozmediano ◽

Belen Sanz-Barbero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Young People ◽

Hegemonic Masculinity ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Evaluation Studies ◽

Educational Interventions ◽

Main Body ◽

Gender Based Violence ◽

Gender Based ◽

Transformative Approach

Background: Hegemonic masculinity has been recognized as contributing to the perpetration of different forms of gender-based violence (GBV). Abandoning hegemonic masculinities and promoting positive masculinities are both strategies used by interventions that foreground a “gender-transformative approach.” Preventing GBV among young people could be strengthened by engaging young men. In this article, we aim to systematically review the primary characteristics, methodological quality, and results of published evaluation studies of educational interventions that aim to prevent different forms of GBV through addressing hegemonic masculinities among young people. Main body: We conducted a systematic review of available literature (2008–2019) using Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, PsycInfo, the CINAHL Complete Database, and ERIC as well as Google scholar. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication was used for data extraction, and the quality of the selected studies was analyzed using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool. More than half of the studies were conducted in Africa ( n = 10/15) and many were randomized controlled trials ( n = 8/15). Most of the studies with quantitative and qualitative methodologies ( n = 12/15) reported a decrease in physical GBV and/or sexual violence perpetration/victimization ( n = 6/15). Longitudinal studies reported consistent results over time. Conclusions: Our results highlight the importance of using a gender-transformative approach in educational interventions to engage young people in critical thinking about hegemonic masculinity and to prevent GBV.

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The impact of chronic disease and disability on the elderly

South African Journal of Physiotherapy ◽

10.4102/sajp.v55i3.567 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 9-14

Author(s):

C. J. Eales

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Chronic Disease ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

The Elderly ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

Elderly Persons ◽

Care Systems ◽

And Function ◽

The Impact

Health care systems for elderly people should aim to delay the onset of illness, reducing the final period of infirmity and illness to the shortest possible time. The most effective way to achieve this is by health education and preventative medicine to maintain mobility and function. Changes in life style even in late life may result in improved health, effectively decreasing the incidence of chronic diseases associated with advancing age. This paper presents the problems experienced by elderly persons with chronic diseases and disabilities with indications for meaningful therapeutic interventions.

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The impact of dietary factors on indices of chronic disease in older people: A systematic review

The journal of nutrition health & aging ◽

10.1007/s12603-017-0920-5 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 282-296 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Caryl A. Nowson ◽

C. Service ◽

J. Appleton ◽

J. A. Grieger

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Chronic Disease ◽

Older People ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

The Impact

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Cancer services during the COVID-19 pandemic: systematic review of patients' and caregivers' experiences

10.1101/2021.03.19.21253949 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Symran Dhada ◽

Derek Stewart ◽

Ejaz Cheema ◽

Muhammed Abdul Hadi ◽

Vibhu Paudyal

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

English Language ◽

Resource Constraints ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Psychological Wellbeing ◽

Cancer Services ◽

Data Extraction Form ◽

The Impact

Background Cancer patients have faced intersecting crises in the face of COVID-19 pandemic. This review aimed to examine patients' and caregivers' experiences of accessing cancer services during the COVID-19 pandemic and perceived impact of the pandemic on their psychological wellbeing. Methods A protocol-led (CRD42020214906) systematic review was conducted by searching six databases including EMBASE, MEDLINE and CINAHL for articles published in English-language between 1/2020-12/2020. Data were extracted using a pilot-tested, structured data extraction form. Thematic synthesis of data was undertaken and reported as per the PRISMA guideline. Results A total of 1110 articles were screened of which 19 studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies originated from 10 different countries including the US, UK, India and China. Several themes were identified which were categorised into seven categories. Postponement and delays in cancer screening and treatment, drug shortages and inadequate nursing care were commonly experienced by patients. Hospital closures, resource constraints, national lockdowns and patient reluctance to use health services because of infection worries contributed to the delay. Financial and social distress, isolation; and spiritual distress due to the uncertainty of rites as well as fulfilment of last wishes were also commonly reported. Caregivers felt anxious about infecting cancer patients with COVID-19. Conclusions Patients and caregivers experienced extensive impact of COVID-19 on cancer screening, treatment and care, and their own psychological wellbeing. Patient and caregiver views and preferences should be incorporated in ensuring resilient cancer services that can minimise the impact of ongoing and future pandemic on cancer care and mitigate patient fears.

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Perceptions of risk in pregnancy with chronic disease: A systematic review and thematic synthesis

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0254956 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. e0254956

Author(s):

Elizabeth R. Ralston ◽

Priscilla Smith ◽

Joseph Chilcot ◽

Sergio A. Silverio ◽

Kate Bramham

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Chronic Disease ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Perceived Risk ◽

Risk Perceptions ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Pregnancy Risk ◽

Thematic Synthesis ◽

Increased Risk ◽

In Pregnancy

Background Women with chronic disease are at increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Pregnancies which pose higher risk, often require increased medical supervision and intervention. How women perceive their pregnancy risk and its impact on health behaviour is poorly understood. The aim of this systematic review of qualitative literature is to evaluate risk perceptions of pregnancy in women with chronic disease. Methods Eleven electronic databases including grey literature were systematically searched for qualitative studies published in English which reported on pregnancy, risk perception and chronic disease. Full texts were reviewed by two researchers, independently. Quality was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Qualitative checklist and data were synthesised using a thematic synthesis approach. The analysis used all text under the findings or results section from each included paper as data. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO. Results Eight studies were included in the review. Three themes with sub-themes were constructed from the analysis including: Information Synthesis (Sub-themes: Risk to Self and Risk to Baby), Psychosocial Factors (Sub-themes: Emotional Response, Self-efficacy, Healthcare Relationship), and Impact on Behaviour (Sub-themes: Perceived Risk and Objective Risk). Themes fitted within an overarching concept of Balancing Act. The themes together inter-relate to understand how women with chronic disease perceive their risk in pregnancy. Conclusions Women’s pregnancy-related behaviour and engagement with healthcare services appear to be influenced by their perception of pregnancy risk. Women with chronic disease have risk perceptions which are highly individualised. Assessment and communication of women’s pregnancy risk should consider their own understanding and perception of risk. Different chronic diseases introduce diverse pregnancy risks and further research is needed to understand women’s risk perceptions in specific chronic diseases.

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How Well can Your Smartphone Measure What you eat, Drink and Smoke? A Systematic Review of the Measurement Properties of Smartphone Approaches to Assess Diet, Alcohol use and Tobacco use. (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.27337 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Louise Thornton

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Chronic Disease ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Measurement Techniques ◽

Health Behaviours ◽

Measurement Properties ◽

Measurement Approach

BACKGROUND Poor diet, alcohol use and tobacco smoking have been identified as strong determinants of chronic disease, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancers. Smartphones have the potential to provide a real-time, pervasive, unobtrusive and cost-effective way to measure these health behaviours and deliver instant feedback to users. Despite this, the validity of using smartphones to measure these behaviours is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE The aim of our review was to identify existing smartphone—based approaches to measure these health behaviours and critically appraise the quality of their measurement properties. METHODS We conducted a systematic search of the Ovid MEDLINE, Embase (Elsevier), Cochrane Library (Wiley), PsychINFO (EBSCOhost), CINAHL (EBSCOHost), Web of Science (Clarivate), SPORTDiscus (EBSCOhost), and IEEE Xplore Digital Library databases in March 2020. Studies that were written in English, reported measuring diet, alcohol use and/or tobacco use via a smartphone, and reported on at least one measurement property (eg validity, reliability and/or responsiveness) were eligible. Outcomes were summarised in a narrative synthesis. This systematic review is registered with PROSPERO, identifier CRD42019122242. RESULTS Of 12,261 records, 72 studies describing the measurement properties of smartphone—based approaches to measure diet (n=48), alcohol use (n=16) and tobacco use (n=8) were identified and included in the current review. Across the health behaviours, 18 different measurement techniques were used within smartphones. The measurement properties most commonly examined were construct validity, measurement error and criterion validity. Results varied by behaviour and measurement approach and the methodological quality of studies varied widely. Most studies investigating the measurement of diet and alcohol received ‘very good’ or ‘adequate’ methodological quality ratings (72.9%, 35/48, and 68.8%, 11/16, respectively), while only one study (12.5%, 1/8) investigating the measurement of tobacco use received a ‘very good’ or ‘adequate’ rating. CONCLUSIONS This review is the first to bring together evidence regarding the different types of smartphone—based approaches currently used to measure key behavioural risk factors for chronic disease (diet, alcohol use and tobacco use) and the quality of their measurement properties. Nineteen measurement techniques were identified, the majority of which assessed dietary behaviours (67%, n=48/72). Some evidence exists to support the reliability and validity of using smartphones to assess these behaviours, however results varied by behaviour and measurement approach. The methodological quality of included studies also varied. Overall, more high-quality studies validating smartphone based approaches against criterion measures are needed. More research investigating the use of smartphones to assess alcohol and tobacco use, and objective measurement approaches is also needed. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01375-w

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