When are drug combinations justified?

1980 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Drug Combinations ◽  
World Health ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Dose Ratio ◽  
Drug Products ◽  
Branded Drug ◽  
The World

Drug combinations contain two or more active ingredients in fixed doses in a single preparation; the dose-ratio is determined by the manufacturer. Among over 240 preparations on the World Health Organisation’s model list of ‘essential’ drugs, there are only 7 drug combinations - less than 3%.1 By contrast, of more than 2, 2000 branded drug products listed in MIMS,2 nearly half are fixed-ratio combinations, although the proportion varies widely between therapeutic groups - 10% for metabolic disease, 70% for respiratory and gastro-intestinal conditions.3 More than one-third of all new drug products introduced world-wide in 1978 were combinations.4

scholarly journals Guest Editorial

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Russell Renhard ◽  
Steve Einfeld
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Guest Editorial ◽  
World Health ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Health Organization

This is the first occasion the Journal has published a special issue on safety and quality in primary health, although of course individual articles on the subject have appeared in its pages. The timing of the issue reflects significant world-wide interest evidenced in a growth of specialist safety and quality-related journals, conferences, World Health Organization programs, as well as policy initiatives by governments all over the world.

scholarly journals Vital Role of Technology on Fighting Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-117
Author(s):  
Dr. Jayendrasinh Jadav ◽  
Krishna Kulin Trivedi
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The whole fights against the corona virus disease which is an infectious respiratory disease which has high transmissibility and has no medical therapy or vaccine which has been declared as the pandemic by the world health organization popularly known in short as WHO and is a global pandemic. The 21st century is the digital age and digitalization is the global trend. Technology has played a vital role in fighting with the COVID-19 Pandemic. The sudden world-wide pandemic forced to imposed lockdown during which there is digital surge. This research paper focuses on the vital role of technology in fighting the COVID-19 Pandemic.

scholarly journals Towards a National Policy on Suicide Prevention

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Mrinmay Das
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
National Policy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Action ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Critical Public Health ◽  
Health Action Plan

Suicide is a global phenomenon and occurs throughout the life span. It is recognised as a critical public health issue by the World Health Organization (WHO) in its Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2020.1 In the year 2016, it was estimated that globally 817000 population committed suicide. This means world wide one person commits suicide in every 40 seconds.

scholarly journals COVID-19: An Insight Into the Pandemic of a New Emerging Coronavirus

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Olusola A. Akanbi ◽  
Oluyinka O. Opaleye ◽  
Adekunle O. Olowe ◽  
Olusola Ojurongbe
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Health Threat ◽  
The Common ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Epidemiological Trends ◽  
Insight Into

Since Decem ber 2019, a novel Cor onavir us nam ed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been implicated in an outbreak of SARSlike illness, which began in a wild animal market of Wuhan in Hubei province of China and the World Health Organization (WHO) was alerted on the 31st December 2019 of this public health threat. On the 11th March 2020, the WHO announced that this disease termed COVID-19 has become pandemic, the first for any coronavirus. Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that cause illness such as the common cold to more severe diseases such as SARS. To date, the virus has spread to over 100 countries, including 40 countries in Africa, including Nigeria. As at the time of this publication over 300,000 cases has been reported world-wide with over 14,000 deaths mostly from China and Italy. The Nigerian Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) has since put in place measures to contain and prevent the further spread of the virus. This review highlights the current situation and knowledge of the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 and its epidemiological trends.

A Clinical Study on the efficacy of Ashvagandha Ksheerapaka in Stree Vandhyatva w.s.r. to Anovulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajani Kagga ◽  
Vishwesh B. N.
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Wide ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Induction Of Ovulation ◽  
The World ◽  
Fertility Problems ◽  
Health Organization

Fertility is an existential necessity and as such has assumed over whelming importance from time immemorial. However, not all couples who desire a pregnancy will achieve one spontaneously and a proportion of couples will need medical help to resolve underlying fertility problems. Infertility has been recognized as a public health issue world wide by the World Health Organization. Infertility severely affects the couples psychologically, sexually and socially. Anovulation accounts for 25 - 40% of the female infertility. Ayurveda offers several potent combinations in such a condition. The aim of the present paper is to address this problem by studying the efficacy of Ashvagandha Ksheerapaka in the induction of ovulation

Necessary, Optional, and Undesirable Drug Products

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 574-575
Author(s):  
Jerome A. Halperin
Keyword(s):  
Free Market ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Freedom Of Choice ◽  
Drug Products ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Government Payment

The distinction between necessary and optional drugs depends on national policies of drug regulation, economics of the health care system, and traditions of competition and freedom of choice for physicians and patients. The World Health Organization (WHO) calls drugs that are basic to the medical needs of a country “Essential Drugs,” but more developed countries go beyond this category and expand the therapeutic armamentarium to include at least some optional drugs. However, financial considerations, including government payment, may keep the spectrum of choice narrow. Generic copies, while not optional therapeutic copies, stimulate free market competition in other countries. Undesirable drugs are easier to categorize. They are unsafe, ineffective, improperly manufactured or packaged, impure, subpotent, or falsely or misleadingly labeled. Once a country determines its policies for necessary and optional drug products, it is essential that criteria to prevent the marketing of undesirable drugs be maintained.

scholarly journals Treatment dilemma of a depressed patient with metabolic syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-52
Author(s):  
Khalid Al Jalahma ◽  
Najib Al Qsous
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Social Issue ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
World Health ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Proper Treatment ◽  
Evidence Based Treatment ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Depression affects around 121 million people world wide according to the world health organization (WHO) and is the second leading cause of disability globally. Metabolic syndrome is defined as a combination of conditions that predispose individuals to several diseases, mainly cardiovascular diseases. The association between metabolic syndrome and depression represents a major social issue for its increasing prevalence. However, proper treatment strategies for patients who have the two overlapping conditions are not yet established. Case report: We report a challenging but successful treatment strategy of a 60 year old male, with metabolic syndrome, diagnosed with depression. Aim: The aim of the report is to highlight the need of developing evidence based treatment strategies for patients with depression overlapping with metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Treating patients with depression and metabolic syndrome requires a multidisciplinary team, and cautious decisions as to which antidepressant to start in order to avoid deterioration in their comorbidities. More research is needed in this field as both metabolic syndrome and depression are increasing in prevalence and are among the leading causes of burden to the healthcare system.

Muskuloskelettale Erkrankungen nehmen zu

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 55-55
Author(s):  
Arne Vielitz
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Muskuloskelettale Erkrankungen ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Burden Of Diseases

Sebbag E, Felten R, Sagez F et al. The World-wide Burden of Musculoskeletal diseases: A Systematic Analysis of the World Health Organization Burden of Diseases Database. Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 78: 844–848. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019–215142

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF RELIGION IN THE UPTAKE OF MALE CIRCUMCISION AS AN HIV PREVENTION STRATEGY IN SWAZILAND

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-115
Author(s):  
C. Maibvise ◽  
T.R. Mavundla
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Male Circumcision ◽  
World Wide ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
World Health ◽  
Traditional Religion ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
The World

Circumcision has been practised for centuries among various groups of people world-wide, mainly for religious, traditional, hygienic or medical reasons. However, this practice was rare in Swaziland. Following recommendations by the World Health Organisation that circumcision should be added as an additional strategy for HIV prevention, the country embarked on mass male circumcision campaigns, aimed at scaling up the practice nationwide. Apparently the turnup for the procedure is below the set targets. Knowledge of factors that influence the uptake of circumcision is necessary in order to maximise the success of the strategy. This study aimed at assessing the influence of religion and/or culture on perception and hence uptake of circumcision in Swaziland. An explorative qualitative research design was used, in which in-depth face-toface interviews were conducted on seventeen participants individually. Results showed thatChristianity and African Traditional Religion are the dominant religions in Swaziland and each of them has both a negative and a positive influence on the perception of, and hence the decision to be, circumcised. This depended on the individuals’ interpretation and understanding of the doctrine of their religion or denomination. It was recommended that the identified positive influences be capitalised on to promote circumcision.

scholarly journals Comparative study about knowledge, attitude and practice study of fixed dose combination among junior residents and interns of a tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1728
Author(s):  
Rupa Arun Korde ◽  
Radhika M. S. ◽  
Priya Gandigawad ◽  
Ravi Sori ◽  
Amruth .
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Essential Medicine ◽  
World Health ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Junior Resident ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Dose Ratio ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Background: Fixed Dose Combinations (FDCs) are defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as combination of two or more active ingredients in a fixed ratio of doses. According to the FDA, “two or more drugs may be combined in a single dose when each component makes a contribution to the claimed effects, and the dosage of each component (i.e., amount, frequency, and duration) is such that the combination is safe and effective for significant patient population requiring such concurrent therapy. However, certain disadvantages like incompatible pharmacokinetics, inflexible dose ratio, increased toxicity and cost, contraindication of one component of the FDC decreased their utility. Adverse effect of any one component also limits their use. The aim of the study is to compare and evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices about prescribing fixed dose combinations among junior resident doctors (JRs) and interns (INTs) at SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital Dharwad.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 134 doctors using pre-validated 10 item questionnaire with details of participant’s information followed by questions regarding knowledge, attitude and prescribing practice of fixed dose combinations was used as a tool, administrated to all the resident doctors and the collected data was analysed.Results: Our study revealed that knowledge about FDCs was lacking in JRs and INTs. They were not able to point out the actual advantages and disadvantages of FDCs. Knowledge about rational/irrational, banned FDCs and availability of WHO EML was also lacking.Conclusions: There is need to improve knowledge about rationality, essential medicine list, usage and banned FDCs in undergraduate medical students to promote the rational use of drugs.

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