EP299 The impact of surgical approach on cervical cancer survival rates

Background: Socioeconomic status, as a major determinant of health, has a considerable impact on the cancer survival rate. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of socioeconomic factors on the 5-year survival rate for the most common cancer types in 56 countries. Methods: In this ecological study, 5-year survival data for gastric cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and leukemia during the period of 2005-2009 and socioeconomic factors including gross domestic product (GDP), life expectancy, literacy rate, urbanization and healthcare expenditure were extracted from the CONCORD-2 study and the World Bank database, respectively. multivariate regression analysis was used to estimate the model with the ordinary least-squares (OLS) method using Stata 14 software. Results: The GDP coefficient for breast cancer, cervical cancer, and leukemia was positive and significant. No correlation was identified between gastric, colon, lung, ovarian, and prostate cancer and GDP. Gastric, colon, breast, and prostate cancers had a positive and significant correlation with life expectancy. In contrast, no significant correlation was found between lung cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, leukemia and life expectancy. There was no correlation between cancer survival rate and literacy rate, or urbanization. There was only a positive correlation between prostate cancer and healthcare expenditure. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant relationship between gastric and ovarian cancers and socioeconomic variables. Finally, GDP and life expectancy had the most significant impact on cancer survival rates. Conclusion: Different countries can play a key role in increasing cancer survival rates by implementing policies to improve economic and social factors.

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T-cell receptor V and J usage paired with specific HLA alleles associates with distinct cervical cancer survival rates

Human Immunology ◽

10.1016/j.humimm.2019.01.005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 80 (4) ◽

pp. 237-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Andrea M. Roca ◽

Boris I. Chobrutskiy ◽

Blake M. Callahan ◽

George Blanck

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

T Cell ◽

T Cell Receptor ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Cell Receptor ◽

Hla Alleles

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Pharmaceutical Innovation and U.S. Cancer Survival, 1992-2003: Evidence from Linked SEER-MEDSTAT Data

Forum for Health Economics & Policy ◽

10.2202/1558-9544.1090 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Frank R. Lichtenberg

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Radiation Oncology ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Sampling Error ◽

Weighted Least Squares ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Pharmaceutical Innovation ◽

Diagnostic Radiology ◽

Medical Innovation ◽

The Impact

This study examines the impact of pharmaceutical innovation and other factors on the survival of U.S. cancer patients during the period 1992-2003. In particular, it investigates whether cancer survival rates increased more for those cancer sites that had the largest increases in the proportion of chemotherapy treatments that were "new" treatments. We control for other types of medical innovation, i.e. other pharmaceutical innovation, and innovation in surgical procedures, diagnostic radiology procedures, and radiation oncology procedures.Data on observed survival rates, the number of people diagnosed, mean age at diagnosis, and stage distribution are obtained from the National Cancer Institutes SEER public-use data. Estimates of rates of innovation in chemotherapy and other treatment and diagnostic procedures are constructed from the MEDSTAT MarketScan database and other data sources. Treatment innovation indicators based on MEDSTAT data are likely to be useful, albeit noisy, indicators of the treatment innovation experienced by patients in SEER registries. This sampling error is likely to bias the coefficients on the treatment innovation measures towards zero.We compute weighted least-squares estimates of 6 versions of a survival model, based on different survival intervals and functional forms. The chemotherapy vintage coefficient is positive and significant in every model. This indicates that the cancer sites whose chemotherapy vintage (measured by the share of post-1990 treatments) increased the most during the period 1992-2003 tended to have larger increases in observed survival rates, ceteris paribus.We estimate how much lower the survival rate from all cancer sites combined would have been during 1993-2001 in the absence of post-1992 chemotherapy innovation. The estimates indicate that chemotherapy innovation accounted for 74% of the increase in the 1-year observed survival rate for all cancer sites combined during the period 1992-2001. Chemotherapy innovation accounted for smaller fractions of the increases in the 2-year and 3-year observed survival rates for all cancer sites combined during the same period: 51% and 29%, respectively.The coefficients on measures of non-pharmaceutical medical innovation (in radiation oncology, diagnostic radiology, and surgery innovation) are generally not significant. However these measures may be less reliable than the drug innovation measure. They were based upon the year in which the AMA established a new procedure code, which may be a far less meaningful indicator of innovation than the year in which the FDA first approved a drug. This topic warrants further research.

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The impact on colorectal cancer survival of cases registered by 'death certificate only': implications for national survival rates

British Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1038/bjc.1994.478 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 70 (6) ◽

pp. 1229-1231 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

AM Pollock ◽

N Vickers

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Death Certificate ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Colorectal Cancer Survival ◽

National Survival ◽

The Impact

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How does chemotherapy treatment damage the prepubertal testis?

Reproduction ◽

10.1530/rep-18-0221 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 156 (6) ◽

pp. R209-R233 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Caroline M Allen ◽

Federica Lopes ◽

Rod T Mitchell ◽

Norah Spears

Keyword(s):

Cancer Survival ◽

Cell Function ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Chemotherapy Treatment ◽

Therapy Targets ◽

Chemotherapy Agents ◽

The Impact

Chemotherapy treatment is a mainstay of anticancer regimens, significantly contributing to the recent increase in childhood cancer survival rates. Conventional cancer therapy targets not only malignant but also healthy cells resulting in side effects including infertility. For prepubertal boys, there are currently no fertility preservation strategies in use, although several potential methods are under investigation. Most of the current knowledge in relation to prepubertal gonadotoxicity has been deduced from adult studies; however, the prepubertal testis is relatively quiescent in comparison to the adult. This review provides an overview of research to date in humans and animals describing chemotherapy-induced prepubertal gonadotoxicity, focusing on direct gonadal damage. Testicular damage is dependent upon the agent, dosage, administration schedule and age/pubertal status at time of treatment. The chemotherapy agents investigated so far target the germ cell population activating apoptotic pathways and may also impair Sertoli cell function. Due to use of combined chemotherapy agents for patients, the impact of individual drugs is hard to define, however, use of in vivo and in vitro animal models can overcome this problem. Furthering our understanding of how chemotherapy agents target the prepubertal testis will provide clarity to patients on the gonadotoxicity of different drugs and aid in the development of cytoprotective agents.

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The impact of National Death Index linkages on population-based cancer survival rates in the United States

Cancer Epidemiology ◽

10.1016/j.canep.2012.08.007 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 20-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Christopher J. Johnson ◽

Hannah K. Weir ◽

Aliza K. Fink ◽

Robert R. German ◽

Jack L. Finch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Survival Rates ◽

The United States ◽

Population Based ◽

National Death Index ◽

The Impact

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Impact of straight to test pathways on time to diagnosis in oesophageal and gastric cancer

BMJ Open Quality ◽

10.1136/bmjoq-2018-000328 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. e000328

Author(s):

James Andrew Jones ◽

James Catton ◽

Glen Howard ◽

Paul Leeder ◽

Lesley Brewer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Survival ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Time Saving ◽

Subsequent Investigation ◽

Hospital Specialist ◽

East Midlands ◽

Time To Diagnosis ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact ◽

Upper Gastrointestinal

BackgroundCancer survival in the UK has doubled in the last 40 years; however, 1-year and 5-year survival rates are still lower than other countries. One cause may be a delay between referral into secondary care and subsequent investigation. We set out to evaluate the impact of a straight to test pathway (STTP) on time to diagnosis for upper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancer.MethodsSix hospital Trusts across the East Midlands Clinical Network introduced a STTP enabling general practitioners to refer patients with suspected UGI cancer (oesophageal/gastric) for immediate investigation, without the need to see a hospital specialist first. Data were collected for all patients referred between 2013 and 2015 with suspected UGI cancer and stratified by STTP or traditional referral pathway. Overall time from referral to diagnosis was compared. Data from two Trusts who did not implement STTP acted as control.Results340 patients followed the STTP pathway and 495 followed the traditional route. STTP saved a mean of 7 days from referral to treatment (with a 95% CI of 3 to 11 days, p<0.008) and a mean of 16 days from referral to diagnosis, when compared with a traditional referral pathway. The number of diagnostic tests performed using STTP or traditional referral pathways were similar.ConclusionA STTP is associated with an overall reduction of 1 week from referral to treatment for UGI cancer. The approach is feasible and did not require more resource. Larger studies are required to assess whether this time saving translates into improved cancer outcomes.

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