Pilot analysis of the Motivation Assessment for Team Readiness, Integration, and Collaboration (MATRICx) using Rasch analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 1186-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trudy Mallinson ◽  
Gaetano R Lotrecchiano ◽  
Lisa S Schwartz ◽  
Jeremy Furniss ◽  
Tommy Leblanc-Beaudoin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Rasch Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Translational Science ◽  
Interdisciplinary Work ◽  
Prospective Pilot Study ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Collaboration Readiness

Healthcare services and the production of healthcare knowledge are increasingly dependent on highly functioning, multidisciplinary teams, requiring greater awareness of individuals’ readiness to collaborate in translational science teams. Yet, there is no comprehensive tool of individual motivations and threats to collaboration that can guide preparation of individuals for work on well-functioning teams. This prospective pilot study evaluated the preliminary psychometric properties of the Motivation Assessment for Team Readiness, Integration, and Collaboration (MATRICx). We examined 55 items of the MATRICx in a sample of 125 faculty, students and researchers, using contemporary psychometric methods (Rasch analysis). We found that the motivator and threat items formed separate constructs relative to collaboration readiness. Further, respondents who identified themselves as inexperienced at working on collaborative projects defined the motivation construct differently from experienced respondents. These results are consistent with differences in strategic alliances described in the literature—for example, inexperienced respondents reflected features of cooperation and coordination, such as concern with sharing information and compatibility of goals. In contrast, the more experienced respondents were concerned with issues that reflected a collective purpose, more typical of collaborative alliances. While these different types of alliances are usually described as representing varying aspects along a continuum, our findings suggest that collaboration might be better thought of as a qualitatively different state than cooperation or coordination. These results need to be replicated in larger samples, but the findings have implications for the development and design of educational interventions that aim to ready scientists and clinicians for greater interdisciplinary work.

Big Data and Big Data Analytics for Improved Healthcare Service and Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-51
Author(s):  
Pijush Kanti Dutta Pramanik ◽  
Saurabh Pal ◽  
Moutan Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Future Market ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Healthcare Data ◽  
Different Types

Like other fields, the healthcare sector has also been greatly impacted by big data. A huge volume of healthcare data and other related data are being continually generated from diverse sources. Tapping and analysing these data, suitably, would open up new avenues and opportunities for healthcare services. In view of that, this paper aims to present a systematic overview of big data and big data analytics, applicable to modern-day healthcare. Acknowledging the massive upsurge in healthcare data generation, various ‘V's, specific to healthcare big data, are identified. Different types of data analytics, applicable to healthcare, are discussed. Along with presenting the technological backbone of healthcare big data and analytics, the advantages and challenges of healthcare big data are meticulously explained. A brief report on the present and future market of healthcare big data and analytics is also presented. Besides, several applications and use cases are discussed with sufficient details.

Healthcare service users as resource integrators: investigating factors influencing the co-creation of value at individual, dyadic and systemic levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Brigitte Virlée ◽  
Wafa Hammedi ◽  
Allard C.R. van Riel
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Resource Integration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Systemic Factors ◽  
The Individual

PurposePatients, when using healthcare services, (co)create value by integrating their own resources with those of a range of stakeholders. These resource integration activities, however, require different types of skills and effort from the patients, and different types of interactions with stakeholders, while also having different effects on patients' well-being. The purpose of the present study is to develop a better understanding of why some patients are better able or willing to perform resource integration activities that impact their well-being. To reach this objective, barriers and facilitators of these activities in their interactions with various stakeholders were identified.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses a multiple case study design. Individual patients having received a lung transplant, together with their entourage (family, medical professionals, other patients) each represent a case. In-depth interviews were conducted with the patients and with various categories of stakeholders in their service delivery network who were relevant to their experience and with whom they integrated their resources.FindingsThe study identifies three levels on which barriers and facilitators of the resource integration process occur: the individual, relational and systemic level. Factors on these levels affect different aspects of the process.Originality/valueThis study takes a systems perspective and investigates how various systemic factors and stakeholders conduce or inhibit healthcare service users to perform resource integration activities, especially focusing on those activities that strongly affect their well-being.

scholarly journals Dispensing of antibiotics in community pharmacy in Iraq: a qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2095
Author(s):  
Akram Alkadhimi ◽  
Omar T. Dawood ◽  
Mohamed A. Hassali
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Antibiotic Stewardship ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Structure Interview ◽  
Semi Structure Interview ◽  
Antibiotics Use

Objective: This study aimed to understand the dispensing practice of antibiotics in community pharmacy in Iraq, in addition to explore the community pharmacists' perception about dispensing antibiotics without prescription. Methods: A qualitative design was conducted on community pharmacists in Baghdad, Iraq. Pharmacists were selected conveniently from different gender, age group, pharmacy type and years of experience. Face-to-face semi-structure interview was used with all the pharmacists to get in-depth understanding about their dispensing practice of antibiotics without prescription in community pharmacy. The data was coded and classified for thematic analysis. Results: This study found that dispensing of antibiotics without prescription was a common practice in community pharmacy. Pharmacists' perception towards dispensing antibiotics without prescription was associated with the medical condition, safety and efficacy of antibiotics, patients request antibiotics by name, emergency cases, regular customer, promotions from pharmaceutical companies, saving time and cost, brand medications, and poor healthcare services. In addition, there were inadequate knowledge about antibiotic resistance and lack of awareness about antibiotic stewardship leading to inappropriate dispensing practice. Conclusions: Community pharmacists have poor perception towards dispensing antibiotics without prescription. Educational interventions about antibiotics use focusing on community pharmacists are needed. This will help to optimize the practice of dispensing of antibiotics in the community. In addition, training programs about antibiotic resistance are important to enhance pharmacists' understanding about antibiotic stewardship.

scholarly journals Regional multidisciplinary team intervention programme to improve colorectal cancer outcomes: study protocol for the Yorkshire Cancer Research Bowel Cancer Improvement Programme (YCR BCIP)

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e030618 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Taylor ◽  
Penny Wright ◽  
Hannah Rossington ◽  
Jackie Mara ◽  
Amy Glover ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Bowel Cancer ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Cancer Outcomes ◽  
Educational Initiatives ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Improvement Programme

IntroductionAlthough colorectal cancer outcomes in England are improving, they remain poorer than many comparable countries. Yorkshire Cancer Research has, therefore, established a Bowel Cancer Improvement Programme (YCR BCIP) to improve colorectal cancer outcomes within Yorkshire and Humber, a region representative of the nation. It aims to do this by quantifying variation in practice, engaging with the colorectal multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) to understand this and developing educational interventions to minimise it and improve outcomes.Methods and analysisInitially, routine health datasets will be used to quantify variation in the demographics, management and outcomes of patients across the Yorkshire and Humber region and results presented to MDTs. The YCR BCIP is seeking to supplement these existing data with patient-reported health-related quality of life information (patient-reported outcome measures, PROMs) and tissue sample analysis. Specialty groups (surgery, radiology, pathology, clinical oncology, medical oncology, clinical nurse specialists and anaesthetics) have been established to provide oversight and direction for their clinical area within the programme, to review data and analysis and to develop appropriate educational initiatives.Ethics and disseminationThe YCR BCIP is aiming to address the variation in practice to significantly improve colorectal cancer outcomes across the Yorkshire and Humber region. PROMs and tissue sample collection and analysis will help to capture the information required to fully assess care in the region. Engagement of the region’s MDTs with their data will lead to a range of educational initiatives, studies and clinical audits that aim to optimise practice across the region.

scholarly journals Health service utilisation by people living with chronic non-cancer pain: findings from the Pain and Opioids IN Treatment (POINT) study

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Nielsen ◽  
Gabrielle Campbell ◽  
Amy Peacock ◽  
Kimberly Smith ◽  
Raimondo Bruno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Cancer Pain ◽  
Private Health Insurance ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Opioid Therapy ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Financial Barriers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After

Objective The aims of the present study were to describe the use, and barriers to the use, of non-medication pain therapies and to identify the demographic and clinical correlates of different non-opioid pain treatments. Methods The study was performed on a cohort (n = 1514) of people prescribed pharmaceutical opioids for chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP). Participants reported lifetime and past month use of healthcare services, mental and physical health, pain characteristics, current oral morphine equivalent daily doses and financial and access barriers to healthcare services. Results Participants reported the use of non-opioid pain treatments, both before and after commencing opioid therapy. Services accessed most in the past month were complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs; 41%), physiotherapy (16%) and medical and/or pain specialists (15%). Higher opioid dose was associated with increased financial and access barriers to non-opioid treatment. Multivariate analyses indicated being younger, female and having private health insurance were the factors most commonly associated with accessing non-opioid treatments. Conclusions Patients on long-term opioid therapy report using multiple types of pain treatments. High rates of CAM use are concerning given limited evidence of efficacy for some therapies and the low-income status of most people with CNCP. Financial and insurance barriers highlight the importance of considering how different types of treatments are paid for and subsidised. What is known about the topic? Given concerns regarding long-term efficacy, adverse side-effects and risk of misuse and dependence, prescribing guidelines recommend caution in prescribing pharmaceutical opioids in cases of CNCP, typically advising a multidisciplinary approach to treatment. There is a range of evidence supporting different (non-drug) treatment approaches for CNCP to reduce pain severity and increase functioning. However, little is known about the non-opioid treatments used among those with CNCP and the demographic and clinical characteristics that may be associated with the use of different types of treatments. Understanding the use of non-drug therapy among people with CNCP is crucial given the potential to improve pain control for these patients. What does this paper add? The present study found that a wide range of non-opioid treatments was accessed by the study sample, both before and after commencing opioids, indicating that in this sample opioids were not the sole strategy used for pain management. The most common treatment (other than opioids) was CAM, reported by two-fifths of the sample. Having private health insurance was associated with increased use of non-opioid treatments for pain, highlighting the importance of considering how treatments are paid for and potential financial barriers to effective treatments. What are the implications for practitioners? Patients’ beliefs and financial barriers may affect the uptake of different treatments. Many patients may be using complementary and alternative approaches with limited evidence to support their use, highlighting the need for clinicians to discuss with patients the range of prescribed and non-prescribed treatments they are accessing and to help them understand the benefits and risks of treatments that have not been tested sufficiently, or have inconsistent evidence, as to their efficacy in improving pain outcomes.

Value of Performing a Rasch Analysis on a Reliable and Valid Instrument—Case Study of the SA-SH

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-342
Author(s):  
Kristina Areskoug-Josefsson ◽  
Bo Rolander
Keyword(s):  
Rasch Analysis ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Item Fit ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
Students Attitudes

Background and PurposeThe aim of this study was to explore the potential added value of performing a Rasch analysis on a reliable and valid instrument employed in nursing research and educational interventions, using the Students' Attitudes toward Sexual Health (SA-SH) as an example.MethodsThis study was performed with a polytomous Rasch model.ResultsThe Rasch analysis confirmed the reliability and validity of the SA-SH. Rasch analysis presented information about the item's individual response options and gave the opportunity to judge how well different answers alternated in an item. The Rasch analysis also provided information about the proportion of extremes and the possibility of excluding these.ConclusionsThe Rasch analysis provides added value regarding information that needs to be considered regarding choices of questionnaire literacy compared to item fit. The SA-SH is also valid and reliable when tested with Rasch analysis.

scholarly journals Development of a Validated Exam to Assess Pathologist Knowledge of Genomic Oncology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Haspel ◽  
J. Louise Jones ◽  
Hasan Rizvi ◽  
Martin Young
Keyword(s):  
Rasch Analysis ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Genomic Medicine ◽  
High Stakes Testing ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Cancer Diagnostics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Genomics Tools

Context.— There is a clear need to educate health professionals in genomic medicine. Pathologists, given their critical role in cancer diagnostics, must understand core concepts in genomic oncology. Although high-quality evaluation is a cornerstone of medical education, to our knowledge a rigorously validated genomic oncology assessment tool has not been published. Objective.— To develop and validate a genomic oncology exam. Design.— A previously developed exam was updated and validated using 3 approaches: pretesting/posttesting in relation to a live genomic pathology workshop; comparison of scores of individuals at a priori defined knowledge levels; and use of Rasch analysis. This last approach is used in high-stakes testing, such as licensing exams. The exam included both knowledge-based as well as skills-based questions related to the use of online genomics tools. Results.— There was a significant difference in exam scores preworkshop and postworkshop (37.5% to 75%; P < .001). Individuals at a priori defined beginner, intermediate, and expert levels scored 35%, 58%, and 89%, respectively (P < .001). Rasch analysis demonstrated excellent fit and reliability and led to further exam refinement with the removal of 2 questions deemed unnecessary for assessment. Conclusions.— A rigorously validated exam has now been created to assess pathologist genomic oncology knowledge and skills. The exam can be used to assess both individual learners as well as educational interventions. The exam may also be applicable to other specialties involved in genomic-based cancer care.

scholarly journals Ergonomics Applied on Drilling Centers in the Brazilian Oil Industry

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Ferreira ◽  
Claudio Lima ◽  
Gilson Lima ◽  
Luís Zotes ◽  
Danilo Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Collaborative Environments ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Drilling centers are collaborative environments dedicated to facilitate decision-making in the well construction, where multidisciplinary teams work to support operations. The oil operators usually have drilling centers with different types of ergonomic features with considerable potential of integration, creating the opportunity to an Ergonomic Workplace Analysis. This paper aims to present the analysis of infrastructure requirements of one specific company in Brazil. The method was based on a survey with employees, which, coped with a statistical analysis, enabled understanding the impact of the layout requirements. The result is an approach to design collaborative environments, standardizing and defining models for the industry.

scholarly journals Evaluating a Memory Clinic Using the RE-AIM Model. The Experience of the “Memory and Neuropsychiatry Clinic” in Hospital Del Salvador, Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Leon ◽  
Loreto Castro ◽  
Franco Mascayano ◽  
Brian Lawlor ◽  
Andrea Slachevsky
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Memory Unit ◽  
Outpatient Services ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Regular Care ◽  
Short Period

The development of healthcare services for dementia is key to improving access to care and post-diagnostic support for people living with dementia. Memory Units have emerged as a new healthcare service composed of multidisciplinary teams with the goal of improving diagnosis and/or management of dementia patients. The main objective of this study was to describe and evaluate the Reach and Effectiveness of a Memory Unit in a public hospital in Chile, using the RE-AIM model, a multi-component model that allows for the evaluation of the implementation of ongoing healthcare programs. Regarding “R” (Reach): from March 2018 up to June 2019, a total of 510 patients were referred and assessed. Most patients came from primary care (51.9%) and from outpatient services at the Hospital Salvador (39.2%), particularly from the Neurology (63.3%) and Psychiatry (16.0%) departments. We estimated that our Memory Unit assessed 5.39% of all of the dementia patients living in the area of referral. With respect to “E” (Effectiveness): 419 patients are still being followed up at the Memory Unit. Ninety-one patients (18%) were discharged. Of these, 55 (66%) were referred to primary healthcare, 28 (31%) to other outpatient services, 9 (10%) to a specialized mental healthcare center, and 9 (10%) to a daycare center. Due to the short period of time that the Memory Unit has been operating, no other RE-AIM dimensions could be evaluated at this juncture. To our knowledge, this is the first implementation study of a Memory Unit in Latin America, and the first using the RE-AIM model. Although cultural differences worldwide might play a role in the lack of international guidelines, the publication of the experience of the first year of this unit in Chile could inform new countries about this process. Ongoing challenges include continuing to collect data to complement the RE-AIM evaluation and developing a protocol that can be adopted elsewhere in Chile and Latin America. Further studies are needed to assess the benefits of a Memory Unit in comparison to regular care and to develop a model that assures continuity and coordination of care for people with dementia.

scholarly journals Can counter-advertising diminish persuasive effects of conventional and pseudo-healthy unhealthy food product advertising on parents?: an experimental study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Dixon ◽  
Maree Scully ◽  
Claudia Gascoyne ◽  
Melanie Wakefield
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Brand Attitudes ◽  
Advertising Regulation ◽  
Resistance To Persuasion ◽  
Different Types

Abstract Background To help address rising rates of obesity in children, evidence is needed concerning impacts of common forms of marketing for unhealthy child-oriented food products and the efficacy of educational interventions in counteracting any detrimental impacts of such marketing. This study aims to explore parents’ responses to advertising for unhealthy children’s food products that employ different types of persuasive appeals and test whether a counter-advertising intervention exposing industry motives and marketing strategies can bolster parents’ resistance to influence by unhealthy product advertising. Methods N = 1613 Australian parents were randomly assigned to view online either a: (A) non-food ad (control); (B) conventional confectionery ad (highlighting sensory benefits of the product); (C) pseudo-healthy confectionery ad (promoting sensory benefits and health attributes of the product); (D) conventional confectionery ad + counter-ad (employing inoculation-style messaging and narrative communication elements); (E) pseudo-healthy confectionery ad + counter-ad. Parents then viewed various snacks, including those promoted in the food ads and counter-ad. Parents nominated their preferred product, then rated the products. Results Exposure to the conventional confectionery ad increased parents’ preference for the advertised product, enhanced perceptions of the product’s healthiness and reduced sugar content and boosted brand attitude. Exposure to the pseudo-healthy confectionery ad increased parents’ preference for the advertised product, and enhanced perceptions of healthiness, fibre content and lower sugar content. The counter-ad diminished, but did not eliminate, product ad effects on parents’ purchasing preference, product perceptions and brand attitudes. The counter-ad also prompted parents to perceive processed foods as less healthy, higher in sugar and lower in fibre and may have increased support for advertising regulation. Conclusions Exposure to unhealthy product advertising promoted favourable perceptions of products and increased preferences for advertised products among parents. Counter-advertising interventions may bolster parents’ resistance to persuasion by unhealthy product advertising and empower parents to more accurately evaluate advertised food products.

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