Serotonin transporter gene polymorphisms may be associated with poststroke neurological recovery after escitalopram use

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Jae Lee ◽  
Mi-Sun Oh ◽  
Jong S Kim ◽  
Dae-Il Chang ◽  
Jong-Ho Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Neurological Function ◽  
Neurological Recovery ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Post Hoc

ObjectiveSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) putatively improve neurological recovery after stroke. We aimed to investigate whether serotonin transporter (SERT) gene polymorphisms are related to the responsiveness to SSRIs in the poststroke neurological recovery.MethodsThis was a post hoc analysis of the EMOTION study (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01278498), a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial examining the efficacy of escitalopram on emotional and neurological disturbances after acute stroke. Patients with no/minimal disability initially (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0–1) were excluded. Of the participants, 301 underwent genetic studies of the STin2 (a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) in intron 2) (STin2 12/10 and STin2 12/12 genotypes) and 5-HTTLPR (a variable-length repeat in the promoter region) polymorphisms of SERT. We explored whether neurological function (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and mRS) at 3 months would differ according to SERT polymorphisms within each treatment arm (escitalopram and placebo).ResultsAmong the escitalopram users (n=159), neurological function in subjects with STin2 12/10 (n=29) improved significantly more than that in STin2 12/12 carriers (n=130) at 3 months. After adjusting for age, initial NIHSS and depression, STin2 12/10 independently predicted a good clinical outcome (mRS 0–1) (OR 2.99, 95% CI 1.04 to 8.58) at 3 months. However, differences between STin2 polymorphisms were not shown in the placebo group (n=142). 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms were not associated with neurological recovery in any treatment group.ConclusionSTin2 VNTR polymorphisms may be associated with poststroke neurological recovery after SSRI therapy. Further studies are needed to identify the role of serotonin in neurological recovery after stroke.

scholarly journals Neuroticism and polymorphisms in the serotonin transporter gene

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 735-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. DEARY ◽  
S. BATTERSBY ◽  
M. C. WHITEMAN ◽  
J. M. CONNOR ◽  
F. G. R. FOWKES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Haplotype Analysis ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Serotonin Transporter Gene ◽  
Transporter Gene ◽  
Tandem Repeat Region ◽  
Significant Linkage

Background. There is evidence for an association between two different polymorphisms of the human serotonin transporter gene (5-HTT) and the personality trait of neuroticism and affective disorder.Methods. We studied the association between neuroticism and polymorphisms in the 5HTT-linked promoter region and in a variable number tandem repeat region (VNTR) of the 5-HTT gene in 204 people aged over 60 derived from a random sample of men and women in the general population. Approximately half of the subjects were in the top 20% of neuroticism scorers and half in the bottom 20%.Results. There were no significant differences in allelic or genotypic frequencies between the high and low neuroticism scorers. There was highly significant linkage disequilibrium between the two 5-HTT gene polymorphisms, and haplotype analysis showed no association between neuroticism level and haplotype.Conclusions. Reports of an association between two 5-HTT gene polymorphisms and the personality trait of neuroticism are not supported by these results.

The effects of child maltreatment and polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter and dopamine D4 receptor genes on infant attachment and intervention efficacy

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dante Cicchetti ◽  
Fred A. Rogosch ◽  
Sheree L. Toth
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Attachment Security ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Strange Situation ◽  
Infant Attachment ◽  
Intervention Efficacy ◽  
D4 Receptor ◽  
The Stability

AbstractThis investigation examined the extent to which polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) and the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) genes differentially influenced the development of attachment security and disorganization in maltreated and nonmaltreated infants at age 13 months, and the extent to which the efficacy of preventive interventions to promote attachment security were influenced by genetic variation. The sample consisted of 106 infants from maltreating families, participating in a randomized control trial evaluating the efficacy of two interventions, child–parent psychotherapy and psychoeducational parenting intervention, and 47 infants from nonmaltreating families. DNA samples were genotyped for polymorphisms of5-HTTLPR,DRD4exon III variable number tandem repeat, andDRD4-521. Attachment organization at age 1 and at age 2 was assessed with the Strange Situation for all participants, prior to and following the completion of the interventions. High rates of disorganized attachment were observed in the maltreatment compared to the nonmaltreatment group, and both interventions resulted in increased rates of attachment security at age 2. Genetic variation did not influence improvement in attachment organization among maltreated infants. Among maltreated infants, genetic variation had minimal effect on attachment organization. In contrast, among nonmaltreated infants,5-HTTLPRandDRD4polymorphisms influenced attachment security and disorganization at age 2 and the stability of attachment disorganization over time.

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Carriage of C. botulinum Type D/C in Broiler Flocks as the Source of Contamination of a Massive Botulism Outbreak on a Dairy Cattle Farm

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozenn Souillard ◽  
Daniel Grosjean ◽  
Thibault Le Gratiet ◽  
Typhaine Poezevara ◽  
Sandra Rouxel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
Poultry House ◽  
Type D ◽  
Asymptomatic Carriage ◽  
Broiler Farm

In winter 2018, a massive type D/C cattle botulism outbreak occurred on a mixed dairy and broiler farm in France. An investigation was conducted based on the hypothesis of asymptomatic carriage in poultry. We set out to identify the source of contamination of the dairy cattle and to monitor the contamination of broilers over time, including the hatchery delivering chicks to the farm. Environmental samples were collected on the farm during the cattle outbreak (n = 40), after the outbreak for three successive broiler flocks (n = 128), and once in the hatchery delivering the chicks (n = 58). These samples were analyzed using real-time PCR after an enrichment step to detect Clostridium botulinum type D/C. The results showed contamination in the manure from the broilers raised just before the onset of the cattle outbreak (5 + /5), as well as in some of the components of the cattle ration (3 + /17). This latter contamination is likely due to the use of the same tractor bucket to remove litter from the poultry house and to prepare the cattle ration on the same day. Contamination monitoring over several months revealed continuous asymptomatic carriage in the broilers (4 + /20 and 17 + /20 cloacal swabs in 2 successive flocks), a persistence of C. botulinum type D/C in the ventilation system of the poultry house (8 + /14), and contamination of the equipment coming from the hatchery used for delivering the chicks (3 + /18). Further investigations conducted in the hatchery demonstrated contamination in the hatchery by C. botulinum type D/C (6 + /58). Comparison of samples using a multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis showed the same profile for samples collected on broilers, cattle and in the hatchery. This study highlighted the crucial role of the implementation of biosecurity measures in mixed farms to avoid cross-contamination between production units given the potential asymptomatic carriage of poultry. This study also revealed the contamination of the poultry hatchery. Further investigations are required to better understand the role of hatcheries in the epidemiology of animal botulism.

scholarly journals The Association between a MAOB Variable Number Tandem Repeat Polymorphism and Cocaine and Opiate Addictions in Polyconsumers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1265
Author(s):  
César Mateu ◽  
Marta Rodríguez-Arias ◽  
Isis Gil-Miravet ◽  
Ana Benito ◽  
José M. Tomás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tandem Repeat ◽  
Serotonin Receptor ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Repeat Polymorphism ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Vntr Polymorphisms ◽  
Tandem Repeat Polymorphism

Genetic analysis of the association between alcohol, cocaine, and opiate addiction and variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphisms in monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) and serotonergic 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1B and 2C (HTR1B 21 and HTR2C) pathway genes was performed in a sample of 302 polyconsumers. Our genetic association analysis revealed a significant association between a 184 base pair (bp) VNTR polymorphism in the MAOB gene and addiction to cocaine and opiates. This work highlights new genetic marker associations in cocaine and opiate polyconsumer addictions. These data help to clarify and quantify the complex role of genetics in addictive disorders, as well as their future contribution to the prevention (genetic counselling), diagnosis (genetic diagnosis of vulnerability), and treatment (pharmacogenomics) of these disorders.

scholarly journals Compensatory Mutations of Rifampin Resistance Are Associated with Transmission of Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing Genotype Strains in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 2807-2812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin-jing Li ◽  
Wei-wei Jiao ◽  
Qing-qin Yin ◽  
Fang Xu ◽  
Jie-qiong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Beijing Genotype ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Rifampin Resistance

ABSTRACTMycobacterium tuberculosiscan acquire resistance to rifampin (RIF) through mutations in therpoBgene. This is usually accompanied by a fitness cost, which, however, can be mitigated by secondary mutations in therpoAorrpoCgene. This study aimed to identifyrpoAandrpoCmutations in clinicalM. tuberculosisisolates in northern China in order to clarify their role in the transmission of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). The study collection included 332 RIF-resistant and 178 RIF-susceptible isolates. The majority of isolates belonged to the Beijing genotype (95.3%, 486/510 isolates), and no mutation was found inrpoAorrpoCof the non-Beijing genotype strains. Among the Beijing genotype strains, 27.8% (89/320) of RIF-resistant isolates harbored nonsynonymous mutations in therpoA(n= 6) orrpoC(n= 83) gene. The proportion ofrpoCmutations was significantly higher in new cases (P= 0.023) and in strains with therpoBS531L mutation (P< 0.001). In addition, multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains withrpoCmutations were significantly associated with 24-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit–variable-number tandem-repeat clustering (P= 0.016). In summary, we believe that these findings indirectly suggest an epistatic interaction of particular mutations related to RIF resistance and strain fitness and, consequently, the role of such mutations in the spread of MDRM. tuberculosisstrains.

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