scholarly journals P.1.03 Mortality analysis in different exposure groups of coal miners in rostov region of the russian federation

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A78.1-A78
Author(s):  
Igor Bukhtiyarov ◽  
Tatyana Pictushanskaya ◽  
Galina Tikhonova ◽  
Tatyana Gorchakova ◽  
Maria Bryleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Standardized Mortality Ratio ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Regional Center ◽  
Rostov Region

IntroductionThe Rostov region was one of the largest centers of coal mining in Russia during XIX–XX centuries. The long-term effects of work in coal mines were investigated with the use of database of the Rostov regional center of occupational health.AimAssessment of mortality risks in different exposure groups of coal miners.MethodsA cohort of 9980 coal miners with established occupational diseases was formed by the Rostov regional center of occupational health. The follow-up period was 26 years (01.01.1990–31.12.2015). By the end of the follow-up period 1898 miners were alive and 8082 died. In result there were 1 38 768 person-years of follow-up. The male population of Rostov region was used as reference group.Two different exposure groups were created. First one included main professions – clearing face miners and shaft miners (5941 persons, 79 978 person-years). Maximum dust concentrations reached 270–300 mg/m3, vibration levels – 130 dB, noise levels – 130 dBA. The second one included miners of auxiliary professions (shot-firers, wiremen, loco drivers, etc.) – 4039 persons, 58 790 person-years. The maximum exposure levels were lower, 100–130 mg/m3, 110 dB, 105 dBA, respectively.ResultsThe standardized mortality ratio in the cohort (SMR) was 1.47 (CI 1.42–1.51). In the group with length of service up to 10 years, SMR=1.01 (0.91–1.13), 10–19 years SMR=1.33 (1.27–1.39), 20 years and more SMR=1.91 (1.80–2.02).In both groups the SMR was higher than in reference population. SMR=1.57 (1.50–1.63) and SMR=1.32 (1.25–1.39) respectively. The difference between subgroups was also statistically significant SMR=1.19 (1.14–1.24)ConclusionResults of follow up demonstrated elevated risks of mortality for former coal miners. A ‘dose (time) – effect’ relationship for mortality levels were also established.

THE STUDY OF RUSSIAN CIVILIAN AVIATION PILOTS’ MORTALITY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.V. Bukhtiyarov ◽  
◽  
E.V. Zibarev ◽  
K.V. Betts
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Russian Population ◽  
Standardized Mortality Ratio ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Aviation Pilots

Abstract. Introduction. The work of civilian aviation pilots is characterized by heavy psychological and emotional stress in combination with other occupational factors. Such complex of adverse working conditions appears to be a risk for functional and somatic disorders, which may subsequently be reflected in the causes and rates of mortality in the distant period. The aim of this work is to study the mortality of retired civilian aviation pilots. Methods. A prospective cohort epidemiological study of civilian aviation pilots’ mortality. The cohort included 4513 male civilian aviation pilots of Russia who completed their employment and received employment pension. The follow-up period was 10 years (01.01.2010-31.12.2019), with 22156.9 person-years obtained. The age-specific mortality rates were calculated for 5-year age groups, the mortality risk was assessed using standardized mortality ratio (SMR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The comparison group was the male Russian population. Results. As of 31.12.2019, out of 4513 civilian aviation pilots, 150 people deceased (3.3%). The age-specific mortality rates in the retired pilots’ cohort were lower in all age groups compared to the male Russian population, except for the 35-39 age group. The all-cause mortality risk for civilian aviation pilots was significantly lower compared to the male Russian population, SMR=0.31 (95%CL 0.26-0.36). Conclusion. Further research is required to determine the long-term effects of working conditions on civilian aviation pilots’ health. The follow-up period for the pilots’ cohort should be increases to 20 years and more.

Mortality of Russian cosmonauts, 1960–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 730-733
Author(s):  
K. V. Betts ◽  
I. V. Fateev
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Standardized Mortality Ratio ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Mortality Ratio

Introduction. From 1960 to 2018, 282 people were enrolled in cosmonaut groups in the USSR and Russia. Extreme special training and working conditions could lead to health disorders, which may be reflected in the causes and rates of mortality in the future. The goal of this work is to study the causes and rates of mortality in two cohorts of cosmonauts: those with and without spaceflight experience. The study aim is to research the causes and mortality rates of astronauts who have made and did not fly into space. Methods. A cohort study of mortality of 263 male cosmonauts was conducted, 118 cosmonauts with spaceflight experience formed cohort 1, 145 cosmonauts without it - cohort 2. The follow-up period was 59 yrs. (01.01.1960-31.12.2018) with 8351,4 person-years obtained. The reference group for both cohorts was the male population of Russia, cohort 2 was also the reference group for the cohort 1. Mortality risk was assessed using standardized mortality ratio (SMR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results. Death risk from all causes (A00-Y98) for each cohort was significantly lower than that for the male population (SMR=0,39, 95% CI 0,28-0,54 for cohort 1; SMR=0,53, 95% CI 0,41-0,69 for cohort 2). Moreover, the risk of death for cosmonauts with spaceflight experience is also lower than for cosmonauts without it (SMR=0,66, 95% CI 0,46-0,91). The most common causes of death in both cohorts were circulatory system diseases, and cosmonauts without spaceflight experience died at a younger age. Conclusion. Further research is required to understand the true influence of extreme working conditions on cosmonauts’ health, especially in the long-term period.

LIFE-EXPECTANCY OF DUTCH HEMOPHILIACS, 1972-1985

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Rosendaal ◽  
C Smit ◽  
I Varekamp ◽  
A Bröcker-Vriends ◽  
T Suurmeijer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Life Insurance ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Relative Mortality ◽  
General Male Population ◽  
Carry Over

The 1ife-expectancy of hemophiliacs has risen during the last decades from (for severe hemophilia) a mere 16 yrs in 1940, 23 yrs in 1964 to almost normal after coagulation factor preparations became available. Still, many hemophiliacs encounter ratings or refusals when applying for life-insurance.We carried out three mail surveys (1972, 1978, 1985) among Dutch hemophiliacs to establish excess mortality caused by hemophilia. Follow-up for non-respondents was carried out with help from the municipal authorities, while information on the deceased was obtained from the hemophilia treatment centers. To compare mortality with the general population, we constructed Kaplan-Meier reference curves for population groups with the same age and sex distribution, using national death tables. Pending completion of the follow-up for the 1972-1985 interval, this abstract supplies the results for the 1978-1985 period.The 1978 cohort included 578 individuals, with a mean age of 26 yrs (general male population: 33 yrs). None were lost to follow-up, 22 (3.8%) had died during the 7i yrs of observation. In the reference group 1.9% mortality would have been expected. So, overall relative mortality is increased twofold compared to the general male population (95% confidence interval 1.3-3.0). Patients with an inhibitor excluded, excess mortality did not differ much for severe, moderate and mild hemophilia (relative mortality: 2.3, 1.8, 1.5). In 11 cases hemorrhage was the cause of death, but in 6 cases this was associated with an underlying lethal disorder. In 9 cases the cause of death was not related to hemophilia and in 2 it remained unknown. An inhibitor was present in 4 (18%) of these 22 patients, but in only 4% of the total group of 578. In the 1972 survey 43% of the respondents who had applied for a life-insurance (n=199) reported a rating or a refusal, in 1978 47% of 227 and in 1985 53% of 676.The excess mortality caused by hemophilia is small and similar to that due to smoking cigarettes. Moreover, the excess may be caused in part by a carry-over effect from the time before modern treatment was introduced.

Structure of causes of death in miners with diagnosed occupational disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 720-720
Author(s):  
T. E. Piktushanskaya
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Calendar Period ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Rostov Region

The author analyzed the causes of death of 8082 coal miners who were diagnosed with occupational disease in Rostov Occupational pathology center and died between 1990 and 2015. A comparative analysis of the structure of miners’ causes of death and the structure of causes of death of adult male population of Rostov region for the same calendar period was carried out.

P2549The cardiovascular predictors of clinical outcomes in patients after ischemic stroke of undetermined etiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bielecka-Dabrowa ◽  
P Gasiorek ◽  
A Sakowicz ◽  
M Banach
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Peak Velocity ◽  
Recurrent Stroke ◽  
Mitral Annular Velocity ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Unfavourable Prognosis ◽  
Undetermined Etiology

Abstract Purpose The study aimed to identify echocardiographic, hemodynamic and biochemical predictors of unfavourable prognosis after ischemic strokes of undetermined etiology (ESUS) in patients (pts) at age <65. Methods Out of 520 ischemic stroke pts we selected 64 pts diagnosed with ESUS [mean age 54 (SD: 47–58) years, 42% males] and additional 36 without stroke but with similar risk profile, which were treated as a reference group [age 53 (SD: 47–58) years, 61% males]. All pts underwent echocardiography, non-invasive assessment of hemodynamic parameters using SphygmoCor tonometer (Atcor Med., Australia), HDL subfraction distribution using Lipoprint (Quantimetrix) as well as measurements of selected biomarkers. Follow-up was 12 months. Results At 12-month follow-up 9% of patients had died, and recurrent ischemic stroke also occurred in 9% of patients - only in the ESUS group (Figure). Patients who died had significantly lower levels of LDL and HDL cholesterol (included HDL-8 and -9 subfractions) and higher level of triglicerides (p=0.01, p=0.01, and p=0.02; respectively), lower level of adiponectin (p=0.01), lower value of mean early diastolic (E') mitral annular velocity (p=0.04) and lower diastolic blood pressure (p=0.04). The atrial fibrillation (AF) occurred in 10% of pts during the 12 months (log-rang, p=0.254) (Figure). The log-rank test showed that ESUS group had a significantly poorer outcome of AF in the first 2 months after hospitalization compared to reference group (11% vs 5%, p=0.041). Based on a Kaplan-Meier analysis, the outcome of re-hospitalizationin the 1st year was 28% (18/64) in the ESUS group and 17% (6/36); log-rank, p=0.058. In the multivariate analysis mean early diastolic (E') mitral annular velocity (odds ratio [OR] 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.6–0.94; p=0.01) was significantly associated with CV hospitalizations assessed at 12-month follow-up. The only independent predictor of AF occurrence in the 12-month follow-up was lower value of Tissue Doppler-derived right ventricular systolic excursion velocity S' (OR 0.65, 95% Cl 0.45–0.93; p=0.01). The only independent predictor of recurrent stroke was the ratio of peak velocity of early diastolic transmitral flow to peak velocity of early diastolic mitral annular motion as determined by pulsed wave Doppler (E/E') (OR 0.75, 95% CI: 0.6–0.94; p=0.01). E/E' ratio was also independently associated with composite endpoint consisting of death, hospitalization and recurrent stroke (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.1–3.2, p=0.01). Kaplan-Meier Analysis - survival and AF Conclusions The indices of diastolic dysfunction are significantly associated with unfavourable prognosis after ESUS. There is a robust role for outpatient cardiac monitoring especially during first 2 months after ESUS to detect potential AF. Acknowledgement/Funding The study was financed by research grants no. 502-03/5-139-02/502-54-229-18 of the Medical University of Lodz

scholarly journals Caribbean Consortium for Research in Environmental and Occupational Health (CCREOH) Cohort Study: influences of complex environmental exposures on maternal and child health in Suriname

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e034702
Author(s):  
Wilco Zijlmans ◽  
Jeffrey Wickliffe ◽  
Ashna Hindori-Mohangoo ◽  
Sigrid MacDonald-Ottevanger ◽  
Paul Ouboter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fish Consumption ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Environmental Exposures ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Environmental And Occupational Health

PurposeThe Caribbean Consortium for Research in Environmental and Occupational Health prospective environmental epidemiologic cohort study addresses the impact of chemical and non-chemical environmental exposures on mother/child dyads in Suriname. The study determines associations between levels of environmental elements and toxicants in pregnant women, and birth outcomes and neurodevelopment in their children.ParticipantsPregnant women (N=1143) were enrolled from December 2016 to July 2019 from three regions of Suriname: Paramaribo (N=738), Nickerie (N=204) and the tropical rainforest interior (N=201). Infants (N=992) were enrolled at birth. Follow-up will take place until children are 48 months old.Findings to dateBiospecimens and questionnaire data on physiological and psychosocial health in pregnant women have been analysed. 39.1% had hair mercury (Hg) levels exceeding values considered safe by international standards. Median hair Hg concentrations in women from Paramaribo (N=522) were 0.64 µg/g hair (IQRs 0.36–1.09; range 0.00–7.12), from Nickerie (N=176) 0.73 µg/g (IQR 0.45–1.05; range 0.00–5.79) and the interior (N=178) 3.48 µg/g (IQR 1.92–7.39; range 0.38–18.20). 96.1% of women ate fish, respective consumption of the three most consumed carnivorous species, Hoplias aimara, Serrasalmus rhombeus and Cichla ocellaris, known to have high Hg levels, was 44.4%, 19.3% and 26.3%, respectively, and was greater among the interior subcohort. 89% frequently consumed the vegetable tannia, samples of which showed presence of worldwide banned pesticides. 24.9% of pregnant women had Edinburgh Depression Scale scores indicative of probable depression.Future plansFish consumption advisories are in development, especially relevant to interior women for whom fish consumption is likely to be the primary source of Hg exposure. Effects of potentially beneficial neuroprotective factors in fish that may counter neurotoxic effects of Hg are being examined. A pesticide literacy assessment in pregnant women is in progress. Neurodevelopmental assessments and telomere length measurements of the children to evaluate long-term effects of prenatal exposures to toxicant mixtures are ongoing.

scholarly journals The course of subjective and objective chemosensory dysfunction in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a 6-month follow-up

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattis Bertlich ◽  
Clemens Stihl ◽  
Enzo Lüsebrink ◽  
Johannes C. Hellmuth ◽  
Clemens Scherer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Initial Cohort ◽  
Negative Controls ◽  
Chemosensory Function ◽  
Analogue Scales ◽  
Smell Identification ◽  
Snot 22

Abstract Purpose It has been established that the infection with SARS-CoV-2 may cause an impairment of chemosensory function. However, there is little data on the long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on chemosensory function. Methods Twenty three SARS-CoV-2-positive patients diagnosed in spring 2020 with subjective hyposmia (out of 57 positive patients, 40.3%) were compared to SARS-CoV-2-positive patients without hyposmia (n = 19) and SARS-CoV-2-negative patients (n = 14). Chemosensory function was assessed by the Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT), Taste Strips (TS), Visual Analogue Scales (VAS), and the SNOT-22. The initial cohort with hyposmia were also examined at 8 weeks and 6 months after initial examination. Results There were no differences between the SARS-CoV-2-positive cohort without hyposmia and negative controls in terms of BSIT (8.5 ± 2.6 vs. 10.2 ± 1.8), TS (3.4 ± 0.6 vs. 3.9 ± 0.3) or VAS (2.1 ± 1.3 vs. 1.1 ± 0.5); yet the SNOT-22 was significantly elevated (27.7 ± 11.2 vs. 16.4 ± 10.8). The SARS-CoV-2-positive group with hyposmia performed significantly poorer in BSIT (4.0 ± 1.7 vs. 8.5 ± 2.6/10.2 ± 1.8), TS (2.6 ± 1.3 vs. 3.4 ± 0.6/3.9 ± 0.3), and VAS (7.9 ± 2.2 vs. 2.1 ± 1.3/1.1 ± 0.5) compared to both control groups. At week 8 and month 6 control, six and five patients, respectively, still suffered from subjectively and objectively impaired chemosensory function. The other patients had recovered in both respects. Conclusion SARS-CoV-2 patients with subjectively impaired chemosensory function regularly perform poorly in objective measurements. About 70% of patients suffering from olfactory dysfunction in SARS-CoV-2 quickly recover—the rest still suffers from considerable impairment 6 months after infection.

scholarly journals Long-term effects of a modified, low-protein infant formula on growth and body composition: Follow-up of a randomized, double-blind, equivalence trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie M.P. Kouwenhoven ◽  
Nadja Antl ◽  
Martijn J.J. Finken ◽  
Jos W.R. Twisk ◽  
Eline M. van der Beek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Equivalence Trial ◽  
Low Protein
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