scholarly journals Effect of cigarette smoking on smoking biomarkers, blood pressure and blood lipid levels among Sri Lankan male smokers

2021 ◽  
pp. postgradmedj-2021-141016
Author(s):  
Prasanna Herath ◽  
Savithri Wimalasekera ◽  
Thamara Amarasekara ◽  
Manoj Fernando ◽  
Sue Turale
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Blood Lipid Levels

Study purposeThe aim of this study was to determine the fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels, exhaled breath carbon monoxide (eCO) levels, blood pressure, blood lipid levels between smokers and non-smokers and to determine the association of smoking intensity with the above parameters.MethodsThis descriptive study was conducted in selected periurban areas of the Colombo District, Sri Lanka. Adult male current tobacco smokers (n=360), aged between 21 and 60 years were studied and compared with anthropometrically matched male non-smokers (n=180). Data were collected by interviewer-administered questionnaire, clinical assessment and measurement of FeNO by FENO monitor and eCO bySmokerlyser.ResultsSmokers had significantly lower mean FeNO levels and higher mean eCO values compared with non-smokers. Presentation of palpitations was higher among the smokers and a significantly positive correlation was identified between palpitations and eCO levels. There was a significantly positive correlation between the systolic blood pressure of smokers with the duration of smoking (DS), Brinkman Index (BI), Body Mass Index (BMI) and there was a significantly negative correlation with FeNO levels. The mean arterial pressure was positively correlated with the DS, BI and BMI. There was a significantly negative correlation between FeNO and the number of cigarettes smoked per day, DS and BI of smokers. Significantly higher total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very LDL-C, TC: HDL ratio and low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level was observed among smokers compared with the non-smokers.ConclusionsTobacco smoking was found to impact blood pressure and serum lipid levels thus enhancing the cardiovascular risk among smokers. The levels of eCO and FeNO are useful biomarkers for determining the intensity of smoking. The results indicate the necessity for urgent measures to stop cigarette smoking in Sri Lanka.

scholarly journals Association between blood lipid levels and carotid intima-media thickness in Shanghai urban population

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Ya-Ya Guan ◽  
Mian Li ◽  
Xiao-Ou Chen ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Ming-Ming Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Blood Lipid Levels

Abstract Objective: The objective of the following study is to investigate the relationship between blood lipid levels and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in Shanghai urban population. Materials and Methods: A total of 2504 residents over 40 years old in Jiading District of Shanghai municipality were divided into two groups in terms of the CIMT value 0.7 mm: Thickened group (n = 478) and normal group (n = 2026). All the patients received examinations of height, weight, waist, blood pressure, blood lipid level, hepatic and renal function, oral glucose tolerance test and carotid artery B-ultrasonography. Results: In comparison with those in CIMT normal group, the proportion of males, ages, body mass index, systolic blood pressure and levels of fast blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were increased, but the levels of fast insulin were decreased (all P < 0.05). The risks of CIMT thickness were elevated by 19% and 25% as every increase in the standard deviation of the TC and LDL-C levels respectively (95% of confidence interval [CI] 1.08-1.31; 95% CI 1.13-1.37). Statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between CIMT thickness and TC/LDL-C. The levels of TG and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were not associated with CIMT thickness. Conclusions: Levels of blood TC and LDL-C have significant correlations with the CIMT thickness in Shanghai urban population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated risk factors among adult residents of Shenmu City, China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0250573
Author(s):  
Huiping Gao ◽  
Haiying Wang ◽  
Guangliang Shan ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
Haiyuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Blood Lipid Levels

Objective Dyslipidemia is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. By collecting the blood lipid profiles among adult residents of Shenmu City in Shaanxi Province, China, we aim to assess and elucidate the prevalence and risk factors of dyslipidemia in this city. Method Stratified multistage sampling was used to survey 4,598 permanent adult residents in five areas of Shenmu (2 communities in the county seat, 2 in the southern area and 2 in the northern area) from September 2019 to December 2019. Questionnaire surveys and physical examinations were conducted. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 26.0. Results The average level of total cholesterol (TC) is 4.47mmol/L, that of triglyceride (TG) 1.32mmol/L, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) 1.27mmol/L, apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) 1.44g/L, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) 2.7mmol/L and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) 0.97g/L. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (HTC), hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), low high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and high low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) is 22.4%, 33.3%, 14.5%, and 5.81%, respectively, and the overall prevalence of dyslipidemia is 48.27%. Furthermore, blood lipid levels and prevalence of dyslipidemia vary by region, age, gender, occupation and educational level. Nine risk factors of dyslipidemia were identified, which are living in county seat or northern industrial area, increasing age, male, overweight or obesity, abdominal obesity, smoking, hypertension, abnormal glucose metabolism (pre-diabetes or diabetes) and hyperuricemia. Conclusion The blood lipid levels and dyslipidemia prevalence of adults in Shenmu City are higher comparing to national averages of China. Combining risk factors of dyslipidemia, early detection and public health interventions are necessary in high-risk population for associated cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases prevention.

scholarly journals Serum Uric Acid to HDL-Cholesterol Ratio is Associated with New-Onset NAFLD in Lean Chinese People with Normal Blood Lipid Levels: a Longitudinal Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wentao Zhu ◽  
An Liang ◽  
Pei Shi ◽  
Song Yuan ◽  
Ying Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Blood Lipid Levels ◽  
New Onset

Abstract Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is commonly occurred in the non-obese individuals. The serum uric acid (UA) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) ratio (UHR) is considered as a predictive factor of NAFLD. However, it is still difficult to confirm the correlation in lean Chinese people with normal blood lipid levels. It is aimed to analyze the correlation of UHR with NAFLD among lean Chinese population without dyslipidemia and compared UHR with other predictors in this study.Methods: 9838 lean people without NAFLD were included in a retrospective cohort study. NAFLD was diagnosed by liver ultrasound.Results: A total of 9,838 lean patients with normal blood lipid levels were included in the final study. During the five-year follow-up period, the overall prevalence of NAFLD was 8.7%. across the quintile 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of UHR, the prevalence of NAFLD among lean patients was increased from 2.4%, 5%, 7.9%, 10.3% to 17.8%. After adjustment for age, markers of liver and kidney function, gender and metabolic indicators, multivariate cox proportional hazard regression analysis demonstrated that the hazard ratio(HR) was 1.99(1.43-2.73) in highest UHR (quintile 5) compared with lowest UHR(quintile 1). The area under the curve(AUC) of UHR (0.690) was higher than in UA (0.666) and HDL-c (0.636), which showed that the predictive ability of the UHR to new-onset NAFLD was better than serum uric acid and HDL-c. Even within the normal range of UA and HDL-c levels, UHR was independently associated with NAFLD, and HR (95% confidence interva, 95%CI) for NAFLD in Quintile 5 of UHR was 6.74(4.32-10.53). Compared with other significant predictors, the AUC value of UHR(0.67) was similar to that of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-c)/HDL-c ratio(0.68), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (NHDL-c)/HDL-c ratio(0.68) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/ aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ratio(0.7), and superior to that of LDL-c (0.63), remnant cholesterol (RC,0.59), albumin(ALB)/alkaline phosphatase(ALP) ratio(0.61). The sensitivity of UHR (70.5%) was the highest among all indicators. In the subgroup of ALT, the AUC of UHR was 0.70, which was the highest among all predictors in subjects with ALT< 40. For subjects with elevated ALT levels (ALT > 40 U/L), there was no statistical significance among RC (P=0.441), ALB/ALP (P=0.419) and ALT/AST(P=0.159). In contrast, UHR's performance in predicting NAFLD was meaningful and reliable (AUC=0.61, p<0.001).Conclusions: UHR serve as an inexpensive and reliable predictor of NAFLD in lean Chinese people with normal blood lipid levels. It can be used to identify people at high risk of NAFLD.

scholarly journals Association between chronic periodontitis and serum lipid levels

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 771-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Pejcic ◽  
Ljiljana Kesic ◽  
Stevan Ilic ◽  
Zoran Pesic ◽  
Dimitrije Mirkovic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Blood Lipid Levels

Background/Aim. Periodontitis is a local inflammatory process mediating destruction of periodontal tissues triggered by bacterial insult. However, this disease is also characterized by systemic inflammatory host responses that may contrbute, in part, to the recently reported increased risk for systemic diseases, including an altered lipid metabolism. On the other hand, many people in the world are affected by hyperlipidemia, which is a known risk faktor for atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between periodontal disease and blood lipid levels. Methods. A total of 50 patients with periodontitis included in this study had no documented history of recent acute coronary events. The healthy, non-periodontal subjects (comparison group) comprised 25 subjects. All the patients were periodontology examined and completed a medical history. Dental plaque index, probing depth, gingival index bleeding on probing and clinical attechment levels were recorded. Blood samples were taken on admission for measurements of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, hight density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol). Results. The obtained results showed that mean levels of cholesterol (6.09 ? 1.61 mmol/L), triglycerdes (2.19+1.67mmol/l) and LDL cholesterol (4.09 ? 1.40 mmol/L) in individuals with periodontitis were higer, and levels od HDL (1.43 ? 0.51 mmol/L) was lower than those of individuals without periodontitis (4.86 ? 1.37; 1.14 ? 0.71; 3.18 ? 0.64; 1.53 ? 0.32 mmol/L, respectively). Conclusion. This study confirms a significant relationship between periodontal disease, regardless its intensity, and blood lipid levels in the studied population. The results imply that periodontitis may be a risk factor and may contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, future prospective randomized studies have to determine whether periodontal disease is a risk factor for the occurrence of CVD.

scholarly journals Blood Lipid Levels in Patients with Osteopenia and Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Zhao ◽  
An Song ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Licui Qi ◽  
Chong Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Lipid Lowering Drugs ◽  
Blood Lipid Levels

Abstract Background: Considering the controversial relationship between blood lipid levels and osteopenia and osteoporosis (OP), we performed this meta-analysis.Methods: Using specific keywords and related words, we searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale form was used to evaluate the quality of the literature. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we systematically screened the literature to extract relevant information and data. Revman 5.3 and Stata 13.0 software were used for statistical analysis. Results were expressed as the mean difference and 95% confidence interval. The heterogeneity test was conducted according to I2 and Q tests. Egger’s test was used to quantitatively evaluate publication bias.Results: This analysis involved 12 studies and included 12,395 subjects. The quality of the literature was acceptable. Among subjects who were not taking lipid-lowering drugs, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the osteopenia were not significantly increased/decreased. There were no significant differences in LDL-C in postmenopausal women in osteopenia. TG was unchanged in the OP group in subjects without taking lipid-lowering drugs. HDL-C was elevated in OP group but not in osteopenia group in all subjectsConclusions: HDL-C was elevated in patients with OP.

scholarly journals Optimal cut-off points after a daily meal corresponding to fasting goal levels of LDL-C and non-HDL-C in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ling Guo ◽  
Yan-qiao Chen ◽  
Qiu-zhen Lin ◽  
Feng Tian ◽  
Qun-Yan Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
C Statistic ◽  
Blood Lipid Levels

Abstract Background: Although the detection of non-fasting blood lipids has been recommended in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), the non-fasting cut-off points corresponding to the fasting goals of LDL-C < 1.8 mmol/Land non-HDL-C < 2.6 mmol/L, respectively, have not been explored. Methods: This study enrolled 397 inpatients with CHD. One hundred and ninety-seven patients took statins for < 1 month (m) or did not take any statin before admission (i.e. CHD1 group), while 204 patients took statins for ≥ 1 m before admission (i.e. CHD2 group). Blood lipid levels were measured at 0 h, 2 h, and 4 h after a daily breakfast. Results: Non-fasting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) levels significantly decreased after a daily meal ( P < 0.05). Both fasting and non-fasting LDL-C or non-HDL-C levels were significantly lower in the CHD2 group. The percent attainment of LDL-C < 1.8 mmol/L at 2 h or 4 h after a daily breakfast was significantly higher than that of its fasting point ( P < 0.05), whereas that of non-HDL-C < 2.6 mmol/L was significantly higher only at 4 h ( P < 0.05). Analysis of c-statistic showed that non-fasting cut-off points for LDL-C and non-HDL-C were 1.5 mmol/L and 2.4 mmol/L, corresponding to their fasting goal levels of 1.8 mmol/L and 2.6 mmol/L, respectively. When postprandial LDL-C and non-HDL-C goal attainments were re-evaluated by non-fasting cut-off points, there were no significant differences in percent attainment between fasting and non-fasting states. Conclusions: Determination ofnon-fasting cut-off points is important to evaluate the efficacy of cholesterol-lowering therapy if blood lipids are detected after a daily meal.

Trends in blood lipid levels, blood pressure, alcohol and smoking habits from 1985 to 2002: results from INTERGENE and GOT-MONICA

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M. Berg ◽  
Lauren Lissner ◽  
Nibia Aires ◽  
Georgios Lappas ◽  
Kjell Tor??n ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Blood Lipid Levels
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