scholarly journals Sexual consent and chemsex: a quantitative study on sexualised drug use and non-consensual sex among men who have sex with men in Amsterdam, the Netherlands

2021 ◽  
pp. sextrans-2020-054840
Author(s):  
Susanne Drückler ◽  
Jilke Speulman ◽  
Martijn van Rooijen ◽  
Henry J C De Vries
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Sexual Consent ◽  
Sexual Experiences ◽  
Crystal Methamphetamine ◽  
The Past ◽  
Gamma Hydroxybutyrate ◽  
Consensual Sex ◽  
Sex With Men

BackgroundChemsex (drug use to enhance sex) has emerged among men who have sex with men (MSM). Non-consensual sex (NCS) is hypothesised to occur frequently under the influence of chemsex, however data are scarce. In this cross-sectional study, it was aimed to assess whether NCS is associated with chemsex.MethodsWe offered a survey about chemsex in the past 6 months (crystal methamphetamine, mephedrone and/or gamma-hydroxybutyrate/gamma-butyrolacton use) and NCS (sexual experiences beyond one’s limits or unpleasant sexual experiences) in the past 5 years to Amsterdam-located gay dating platform users. Associations were assessed using χ² test, Fisher’s exact test and multivariable logistic regression.ResultsOf 891 participants, 30.6% (273 of 891) engaged in chemsex; 21.2% engaging and 16.7% not engaging in chemsex reported any NCS experiences (p=0.109).Among MSM who reported any NCS experiences, chemsex engagers reported being touched against one’s will less often compared with non-engagers (22.4% vs 39.8%; p=0.036). Yet, chemsex engagers reported passing out and not remembering what happened during drug use more often (41.4% vs 8.7%; p<0.001). The level of suffering from NCS experiences did not differ between chemsex engagers and non-engagers (p=0.539); and was rated by most participants with no suffering at all or low suffering (77.1%). In the multivariable regression analyses, chemsex engagement in the past 6 months was associated with NCS (adjusted OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.01 to 2.11).ConclusionsA substantial proportion of MSM (regardless of chemsex engagement) reported NCS in the past 5 years. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, chemsex engagement was associated with an NCS experience. Among participants who reported NCS, suffering related to NCS however, did not differ between chemsex engagers and non-engagers. Sexual healthcare professionals need to address chemsex and NCS during consultations involving MSM and refer men for specialised help if deemed necessary.

scholarly journals HIV infection among young men who have sex with men in China: comparison of risks among students and non-students

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wu ◽  
Zihuang Chen ◽  
Fei Yu ◽  
Youran Xu ◽  
Yue Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic has been drastically increasing among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China over the past decade. More so, the number of HIV infections among young adults in the country has also been on the rise, highlighting a unique sub-population, which may lead to increased incidence and transmission of the disease. This study aimed to determine the HIV infection rate amongst student and non-student young men who have sex with men (YMSM) in three regions in China and factors associated with their HIV infection. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 September to 6 September 2017 in Beijing, Sichuan, and Guangzhou). Participants were recruited through a popular Chinese gay social networking application, as well as several college-based youth associations. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess factors associated with HIV infection. Results The HIV infection rate among non-student YMSM was significantly higher than that of student YMSM (10.3% versus 5.3%, χ2trend=17.34, P<0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that YMSM self-identifying as homosexual (AOR=2.81, 95%CI=1.40-5.66, P=0.004) and perceived themselves at risk for HIV (AOR=3.08, 95:CI:1.33-7.15, P=0.009) had a 3 times increased odds of being HIV positive. Additionally, participants whom reported not always using condoms with sex partners in the past six months (AOR=1.69, 95%CI=1.17-2.44, P=0.006) were at increased odds of HIV infection. Conclusions Young men who have sex with men, particularly those identifying as homosexual and not always using condoms during intercourse, are at increased odds of HIV infection in China. Promoting comprehensive sexual education to youth and other measures aimed at improving HIV knowledge could help control HIV transmission among this key sub-population.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional analysis of chemsex drug use and gonorrhoea diagnosis among men who have sex with men in the UK

Sexual Health ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manik Kohli ◽  
Ford Hickson ◽  
Caroline Free ◽  
David Reid ◽  
Peter Weatherburn
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Multivariate Models ◽  
Crystal Methamphetamine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
Sex With Men

Background Illicit drug use among men who have sex with men (MSM) has been associated with sexual risk and HIV. Less is documented about associations with other sexually transmissible infections (STIs). The aim of the present study was to determine whether the use of drugs commonly associated with chemsex is associated with increased risk of gonorrhoea among MSM. Methods: Using data from 16065 UK-based respondents to the European MSM Internet Survey (2010), we examined associations between a recent diagnosis of gonorrhoea and three chemsex drugs (crystal methamphetamine, γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB)/γ-butyrolactone (GBL) and mephedrone). Univariate logistic regression identified determinants of gonorrhoea diagnosis and multivariate logistic regression models calculated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for independent associations between chemsex drugs and gonorrhoea. Results: MSM who reported using crystal methamphetamine and GHB/GBL in the previous year had 1.92- and 2.23-fold higher odds of gonorrhoea respectively over the same period (P=0.0001 and P&lt;0.0001; n=15137) after adjusting for age, recruitment website, HIV status, residence and use of other chemsex drugs. MSM reporting the use of all three chemsex drugs had the highest increased odds (aOR 3.58; P&lt;0.0001; n=15174). Mephedrone alone was not associated with gonorrhoea in multivariate models. Conclusions: Use of chemsex drugs is associated with a higher risk of gonorrhoea. The results of this study complement existing research about crystal methamphetamine and indicate a role for GHB/GBL in adverse sexual health outcomes. The use of mephedrone alongside other chemsex drugs may account for its lack of association with gonorrhoea in multivariate models. Future research should use encounter-level data, examine other STIs and attribute pathways through which chemsex leads to infection.

scholarly journals Alcohol Use, Stigmatizing/Discriminatory Attitudes, and HIV High-Risk Sexual Behaviors among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meizhen Liao ◽  
Dianmin Kang ◽  
Xiaorun Tao ◽  
Jennifer Huang Bouey ◽  
Muktar H. Aliyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
The Past ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Aids

Objective. This research was conducted to assess the correlates of alcohol consumption and HIV/AIDS-related stigmatizing and discriminatory attitudes among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Shandong province, China.Methods. A cross-sectional survey provided demographics, sexual behaviors, illicit drug use, alcohol consumptions, and service utilization.Results. Of 1,230 participants, 82.8% were single, 85.7% aged <35 years, 47.2% had college or higher education, and 11.7% drank alcohol >3 times per week in the past six months. The average total score of stigmatizing and discriminatory attitude was 37.4 ± 4.4. More frequent episodes of alcohol use were independently associated with higher levels of HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination, unprotected anal sex, bisexual identity, multiple male sex partners, drug use, and lower levels of education. Expressing higher levels of HIV/AIDS-related stigmatizing and discriminatory attitudes was independently associated with alcohol use, unprotected male anal sex, bisexuals, more male sex partners, commercial sex with men, and non-receipt of peer education in the past year.Conclusion. HIV/AIDS-related stigmatizing and discriminatory attitudes are common and associated with alcohol use and unprotected sex among MSM. The finding highlights the needs to develop programs that would reduce HIV/AIDS-related stigmatizing and discriminatory attitudes and strengthen alcohol use prevention and risk reduction initiatives among MSM.

scholarly journals Uptake and willingness to use PrEP among Chinese gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men with experience of sexualized drug use in the past year

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zixin Wang ◽  
Phoenix K.H. Mo ◽  
Mary Ip ◽  
Yuan Fang ◽  
Joseph T.F. Lau
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Past ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Willingness To Use

Abstract Background Sexualized drug use (SDU) refers to use of any psychoactive substance before/during sexual intercourse. Chemsex is a subset of SDU, which is defined as the use of some specific psychoactive substances (methamphetamine, mephedrone, γ-hydroxybutyrate, ketamine and cocaine) before/during sexual intercourse. SDU and chemsex are prevalent among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM). This study investigated uptake and willingness to use pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among a sample of GBMSM in Hong Kong with experience of SDU in the past year. Methods A total of 600 GBMSM were recruited by convenient sampling through outreaching in gay venues, online recruitment and peer referral. Participants completed a cross-sectional anonymous telephone interview. This study was based on a subsample of 580 GBMSM self-reported as HIV negative/unknown sero-status. Results: Of the participants, 82 (14.1%) and 37 (6.4%) had experience of SDU and chemsex in the past year. The prevalence of PrEP uptake was 4.0% among all participants and 14.6% among those with experience of SDU in the past year. Among MSM with experience of SDU in the past year who were not on PrEP (n=70), 67.1% were willing to use daily oral PrEP in the next six months. Multivariate logistic regression models showed that positive attitudes toward PrEP (AOR: 2.37, 95%CI: 1.47, 3.82), perceived support from significant others to use PrEP (AOR: 9.67, 95%CI: 2.95, 31.71), and perceived behavioral control of using PrEP (AOR: 19.68, 95%CI: 5.44, 71.26) were significantly associated with higher willingness to use PrEP. Conclusion: GBMSM with experience of recent SDU are potentially good candidates of PrEP implementation. This group of GBMSM reported high prevalence of uptake and willingness to use PrEP. Perceptions related to PrEP based on the Theory of Planned Behavior were significantly associated with willingness to use PrEP.

scholarly journals Uptake and willingness to use PrEP among Chinese gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men with experience of sexualized drug use in the past year

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zixin Wang ◽  
Phoenix K.H. Mo ◽  
Mary Ip ◽  
Yuan Fang ◽  
Joseph T.F. Lau
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Past ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Willingness To Use

Abstract Background: Sexualized drug use (SDU) refers to use of any psychoactive substance before/during sexual intercourse. Chemsex is a subset of SDU, which is defined as the use of some specific psychoactive substances (methamphetamine, mephedrone, γ-hydroxybutyrate, ketamine and cocaine) before/during sexual intercourse. SDU and chemsex are prevalent among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM). This study investigated uptake and willingness to use pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among a sample of GBMSM in Hong Kong with experience of SDU in the past year. Methods: A total of 600 GBMSM were recruited by convenient sampling through outreaching in gay venues, online recruitment and peer referral. Participants completed a cross-sectional anonymous telephone interview. This study was based on a subsample of 580 GBMSM self-reported as HIV negative/unknown sero-status. Results: Of the participants, 82 (14.1%) and 37 (6.4%) had experience of SDU and chemsex in the past year. The prevalence of PrEP uptake was 4.0% among all participants and 14.6% among those with experience of SDU in the past year. Among MSM with experience of SDU in the past year who were not on PrEP (n=70), 67.1% were willing to use daily oral PrEP in the next six months. Multivariate logistic regression models showed that positive attitudes toward PrEP (AOR: 2.37, 95%CI: 1.47, 3.82), perceived support from significant others to use PrEP (AOR: 9.67, 95%CI: 2.95, 31.71), and perceived behavioral control of using PrEP (AOR: 19.68, 95%CI: 5.44, 71.26) were significantly associated with higher willingness to use PrEP.Conclusion: GBMSM with experience of recent SDU are potentially good candidates of PrEP implementation. This group of GBMSM reported high prevalence of uptake and willingness to use PrEP. Perceptions related to PrEP based on the Theory of Planned Behavior were significantly associated with willingness to use PrEP.

scholarly journals Uptake and willingness to use PrEP among Chinese gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men with experience of sexualized drug use in the past year

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zixin Wang ◽  
Phoenix K.H. Mo ◽  
Mary Ip ◽  
Yuan Fang ◽  
Joseph T.F. Lau
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Past ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Willingness To Use

Abstract Background Sexualized drug use (SDU) refers to use of any psychoactive substance before/during sexual intercourse. Chemsex is a subset of SDU, which is defined as the use of some specific psychoactive substances (methamphetamine, mephedrone, γ-hydroxybutyrate, ketamine and cocaine) before/during sexual intercourse. SDU and chemsex are prevalent among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM). This study investigated uptake and willingness to use pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among a sample of GBMSM in Hong Kong with experience of SDU in the past year. Methods A total of 600 GBMSM were recruited by convenient sampling through outreaching in gay venues, online recruitment and peer referral. Participants completed a cross-sectional anonymous telephone interview. This study was based on a subsample of 580 GBMSM self-reported as HIV negative/unknown sero-status. Results: Of the participants, 82 (14.1%) and 37 (6.4%) had experience of SDU and chemsex in the past year. The prevalence of PrEP uptake was 4.0% among all participants and 14.6% among those with experience of SDU in the past year. Among MSM with experience of SDU in the past year who were not on PrEP (n=70), 67.1% were willing to use daily oral PrEP in the next six months. Multivariate logistic regression models showed that positive attitudes toward PrEP (AOR: 2.37, 95%CI: 1.47, 3.82), perceived support from significant others to use PrEP (AOR: 9.67, 95%CI: 2.95, 31.71), and perceived behavioral control of using PrEP (AOR: 19.68, 95%CI: 5.44, 71.26) were significantly associated with higher willingness to use PrEP. Conclusion: GBMSM with experience of recent SDU are potentially good candidates of PrEP implementation. This group of GBMSM reported high prevalence of uptake and willingness to use PrEP. Perceptions related to PrEP based on the Theory of Planned Behavior were significantly associated with willingness to use PrEP.

scholarly journals Perceived need of, and interest in, HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis amongst men who have sex with men attending three sexual health clinics in London, UK

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Bull ◽  
Pavle Dimitrijevic ◽  
Sophie Beverley ◽  
Alex Scarborough ◽  
Sundhiya Mandalia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Sexual Health Clinics ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Hiv Negative

HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has proven efficacy in reducing the risk of HIV infection in men who have sex with men (MSM), but has not yet been commissioned in the UK. The aim of this study was to investigate perceived need and benefit (or experience of) PrEP among HIV-negative MSM attending sexual health clinics. HIV-negative MSM attending three sexual health centres in London, UK were opportunistically invited to complete a questionnaire. Data collected comprised demographic data and sexual and drug use behaviours as well as questions regarding perceptions of risk and need for PrEP. Logistic regression analysis was undertaken to identify variables predicting acceptability of, and intention to use, PrEP. In addition, data were gathered in respondents already taking PrEP. Eight hundred and thirty-nine questionnaires were analysed. The median age of respondents was 35 years (IQR 28–41, range 18–78), 650 (77%) were of white ethnicity and 649 (77%) had a university education. Four hundred and fifty-six (54%) reported at least one episode of condomless anal sex in the preceding three months, 437 (52%) reported recreational drug use in the preceding three months and 311 (37%) had been diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection within the preceding six months. Four hundred and sixty-three (64%) of 726 strongly agreed with the statement ‘I think I would benefit from PrEP’. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that having receptive anal intercourse (RAI) without condoms, having an awareness of the risk of unprotected RAI and having belief in the effectiveness of PrEP were independent predictors for someone thinking they would benefit from taking PrEP. Eight percent of respondents (59/724) had already taken or were currently taking PrEP. The results suggest that individuals at risk are likely to perceive themselves as benefiting from PrEP. The majority perceived their risk of acquiring HIV and benefit from PrEP accurately. Overall they appeared to have little concern over the use of PrEP and generally positive attitudes. Further investigation is warranted to understand why those at risk do not perceive benefit from PrEP.

scholarly journals Risk factor analysis of allergic rhinitis in 6–8 year-old children in Taipei

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249572
Author(s):  
Ciao-Lin Ho ◽  
Wei-Fong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
The Past ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
First Year Of Life

The incidence of allergic rhinitis (AR) has increased rapidly in Taiwan during the past 30 years; however, potential risk factors of AR have yet to be examined. The purpose of this study is to explore the prevalence, personal and environmental risk factors of rhinitis. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 26418 first graders (6–8 years old) in Taipei with a response rate of 94.6% (24999/26418). Modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaires were completed by their parents or main caregivers. Logistic regression was used to examine possible personal and environmental (in early life and current) factors related to rhinitis. The prevalence of rhinitis in the past 12 months was 42.8% in 6–8 years old children. Multivariate logistic regression analysis for both males and females revealed that male gender, antibiotic use in first year of life, bronchiolitis before the age of two years, diagnosed asthma, and diagnosed eczema, having a cat the first year of life were associated with an increased risk of rhinitis. Having older siblings, on the other hand, may reduce the risk of rhinitis. Based on the present study, we may recommend less use of antibiotics the first year of life and not having a cat in the home in the child’s first year of life as preventive measures to reduce the risk of rhinitis. From the subgroup analysis, we can take preventive measures for the different risk factors of rhinitis and the severity of rhinitis in each subgroup.

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