scholarly journals Does training respiratory physicians in clinical respiratory physiology and interpretation of pulmonary function tests improve core knowledge?

Thorax ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Patout ◽  
L Sesé ◽  
T Gille ◽  
B Coiffard ◽  
S Korzeniewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Lung Function Tests ◽  
Core Knowledge ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Diagnostic Skills ◽  
Function Tests

Lung function tests have a major role in respiratory medicine. Training in lung function tests is variable within the European Union. In this study, we have shown that an internship in a lung function tests laboratory significantly improved the technical and diagnostic skills of French respiratory trainees.

scholarly journals Predicting Pulmonary Function Testing from Quantified Computed Tomography Using Machine Learning Algorithms in Patients with COPD

Diagnostics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Gawlitza ◽  
Timo Sturm ◽  
Kai Spohrer ◽  
Thomas Henzler ◽  
Ibrahim Akin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Function Tests

Introduction: Quantitative computed tomography (qCT) is an emergent technique for diagnostics and research in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). qCT parameters demonstrate a correlation with pulmonary function tests and symptoms. However, qCT only provides anatomical, not functional, information. We evaluated five distinct, partial-machine learning-based mathematical models to predict lung function parameters from qCT values in comparison with pulmonary function tests. Methods: 75 patients with diagnosed COPD underwent body plethysmography and a dose-optimized qCT examination on a third-generation, dual-source CT with inspiration and expiration. Delta values (inspiration—expiration) were calculated afterwards. Four parameters were quantified: mean lung density, lung volume low-attenuated volume, and full width at half maximum. Five models were evaluated for best prediction: average prediction, median prediction, k-nearest neighbours (kNN), gradient boosting, and multilayer perceptron. Results: The lowest mean relative error (MRE) was calculated for the kNN model with 16%. Similar low MREs were found for polynomial regression as well as gradient boosting-based prediction. Other models led to higher MREs and thereby worse predictive performance. Beyond the sole MRE, distinct differences in prediction performance, dependent on the initial dataset (expiration, inspiration, delta), were found. Conclusion: Different, partially machine learning-based models allow the prediction of lung function values from static qCT parameters within a reasonable margin of error. Therefore, qCT parameters may contain more information than we currently utilize and can potentially augment standard functional lung testing.

scholarly journals Integrative genomic analysis in African American children with asthma finds 3 novel loci associated with lung function

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pagé C. Goddard ◽  
Kevin L. Keys ◽  
Angel C.Y. Mak ◽  
Eunice Yujung Lee ◽  
Amy K. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Lung Fibroblasts ◽  
Admixture Mapping ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Genes And Environment

AbstractBronchodilator drugs are commonly prescribed for treatment and management of obstructive lung function present with diseases such as asthma. Administration of bronchodilator medication can partially or fully restore lung function as measured by pulmonary function tests. The genetics of baseline lung function measures taken prior to bronchodilator medication has been extensively studied, and the genetics of the bronchodilator response itself has received some attention. However, few studies have focused on the genetics of post-bronchodilator lung function. To address this gap, we analyzed lung function phenotypes in 1,103 subjects from the Study of African Americans, Asthma, Genes, and Environment (SAGE), a pediatric asthma case-control cohort, using an integrative genomic analysis approach that combined genotype, locus-specific genetic ancestry, and functional annotation information. We integrated genome-wide association study (GWAS) results with an admixture mapping scan of three pulmonary function tests (FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC) taken before and after albuterol bronchodilator administration on the same subjects, yielding six traits. We identified 18 GWAS loci, and 5 additional loci from admixture mapping, spanning several known and novel lung function candidate genes. Most loci identified via admixture mapping exhibited wide variation in minor allele frequency across genotyped global populations. Functional fine-mapping revealed an enrichment of epigenetic annotations from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, fetal lung tissue, and lung fibroblasts. Our results point to three novel potential genetic drivers of pre- and post-bronchodilator lung function: ADAMTS1, RAD54B, and EGLN3.

Association between body composition and pulmonary function tests among health care workers in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Pouragha ◽  
Hosein Kazemi ◽  
Gholamreza Pouryaghoub ◽  
Ramin Mehrdad
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Function Tests

Background: Why is bodyweight not a predictor of lung function, while height, sex, race, and age are predictors of lung capacity and function? In this study, we want to investigate the association between body composition and pulmonary function. And, as much as possible, answer the question of why bodyweight is not predictive of lung function. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed among 2967 employees of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) who participated in the TUMS Employees Cohort (TEC) study. The body composition of the participants was measured using the Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) method. Anthropometric variables were also measured as a confounder. The pulmonary function of participants was assessed by a forced spirometry test. Results: The correlation of BIA values including fat-free mass and total body water with a pulmonary function such as FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 is higher than most anthropometric values such as weight, wrist circumference, and the waist to hip ratio. Also, in regression analysis, age and sex had an association with pulmonary function, but the weight did not show a significant relationship. On the other hand, fat-free mass and visceral fat were significantly associated with pulmonary function. One is direct and the other is inverse. Conclusion: We observed a negative association between visceral fat and pulmonary function tests and a direct association between Fat-free mass pulmonary function tests (FEV1 and FVC) adjusted for age, sex, and anthropometric indices.

Effect of triiodothyronine-induced thyrotoxicosis on airway hyperresponsiveness

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 438-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Hollingsworth ◽  
M. R. Pratter ◽  
J. M. Dubois ◽  
L. E. Braverman ◽  
R. S. Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Airway Responsiveness ◽  
Mild Asthma ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Function Tests

To determine whether thyrotoxicosis has an effect on the asthmatic state in subjects with mild asthma, airway responsiveness, lung function, and exercise capacity were measured in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial before and after liothyronine (triiodothyronine, T3)-induced thyrotoxicosis. Baseline evaluation of 15 subjects with mild asthma included clinical evaluation, thyroid and routine pulmonary function tests, airway responsiveness assessment by methacholine inhalation challenge, and a symptom-limited maximal exercise test. For all subjects, the initial testing revealed that the dose of methacholine which provoked a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1s (PD20) was in a range consistent with symptomatic asthma. There was no significant change in pulmonary function tests, airway reactivity (PD20), or exercise capacity in either the placebo or the T3-treated groups. Thyroid function tests confirmed mild sustained thyrotoxicosis in the T3-treated groups. We conclude that mild T3-induced thyrotoxicosis of 4-wk duration had no effect on lung function, airway responsiveness, or exercise capacity in subjects with mild asthma.

scholarly journals International consensus on lung function testing during COVID-19 pandemic and beyond

2021 ◽  
pp. 00602-2021
Author(s):  
Aisling McGowan ◽  
Pierantonio Laveneziana ◽  
Sam Bayat ◽  
Nicole Beydon ◽  
P. W. Boros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Lung Function Tests ◽  
Lung Function Testing ◽  
Patient Journey ◽  
Consensus Opinion ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Function Testing

COVID-19 has negatively affected the delivery of respiratory diagnostic services across the world due to the potential risk of disease transmission during lung function testing. Community prevalence, reoccurrence of COVID-19 surges, and the emergence of different variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus have impeded attempts to restore services. Finding consensus on how to deliver safe lung function services for both patients attending and for staff performing the tests are of paramount importance.This international statement presents the consensus opinion of 23 experts in the field of lung function and respiratory physiology balanced with evidence from the reviewed literature. It describes a robust roadmap for restoration and continuity of lung function testing services during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.Important strategies presented in this consensus statement relate to the patient journey when attending for lung function tests. We discuss appointment preparation, operational and environmental issues, testing room requirements including mitigation strategies for transmission risk, requirement for improved ventilation, maintaining physical distance, and use of personal protection equipment. We also provide consensus opinion on precautions relating to specific tests, filters, management of special patient groups, and alternative options to testing in hospitals.The pandemic has highlighted how vulnerable lung function services are and forces us to re-think how long term mitigation strategies can protect our services during this and any possible future pandemic. This statement aspires to address the safety concerns that exist and provide strategies to make lung function tests and the testing environment safer when tests are required.

scholarly journals Dismantling airway disease with the use of new pulmonary function indices

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (151) ◽  
pp. 180122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine C. Zimmermann ◽  
Katrina O. Tonga ◽  
Cindy Thamrin
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Mechanics ◽  
Forced Oscillation Technique ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Chronic Airway Disease ◽  
Chronic Airway

We are currently limited in our abilities to diagnose, monitor disease status and manage chronic airway disease like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Conventional lung function measures often poorly reflect patient symptoms or are insensitive to changes, particularly in the small airways where disease may originate or manifest. Novel pulmonary function tests are becoming available which help us better characterise and understand chronic airway disease, and their translation and adoption from the research arena would potentially enable individualised patient care.In this article, we aim to describe two emerging lung function tests yielding novel pulmonary function indices, the forced oscillation technique (FOT) and multiple breath nitrogen washout (MBNW). With a particular focus on asthma and COPD, this article demonstrates how chronic airway disease mechanisms have been dismantled with the use of the FOT and MBNW. We describe their ability to assess detailed pulmonary mechanics for diagnostic and management purposes including response to bronchodilation and other treatments, relationship with symptoms, evaluation of acute exacerbations and recovery, and telemonitoring. The current limitations of both tests, as well as open questions/directions for further research, are also discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of Menopause on Pulmonary Functions: An Analysis!

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-101
Author(s):  
Kshama V Kedar ◽  
Radha P Munje ◽  
Amar K Karia
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Pulmonary Functions ◽  
Function Tests

ABSTRACT Introduction Sex hormones play an important role in women's health. There is a close relationship between female sex hormones and lung function in postmenopausal women. Deterioration of lung function is observed more after menopause. Estrogen deficiency after menopause accelerates the adverse effects of biological aging on lung mechanics in postmenopausal women. Our study uses a spirometer to analyze and evaluate these effects of menopausal aging. Objective To study the effects of menopause on pulmonary function tests in women of perimenopausal age group. Materials and methods This study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Indira Gandhi Government Medical College & Hospital (IGGMC) Nagpur, India. Totally 50 women each in premenopausal and menopausal age groups were included in our study. Venous blood was collected under aseptic precautions on 10 to 14 and 18 to 23 days corresponding to follicular and luteal phase of menstrual cycle in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Serum estrogen and progesterone levels were estimated by microparticle enzyme immunoassay. The pulmonary function of all subjects was measured with digital microspirometer and data collected. The peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), forced expiratory flow (FEF)25-75, forced expiratory volume (FEV1), and forced vital capacity (FVC) were studied and correlated with symptoms. Data analysis was done using Student's unpaired t-test and chi-squared test. Results The mean percentages of predicted values of FEF25-75 and PEFR were lower in postmenopausal women compared with premenopausal women. Mean serum estrogen levels were significantly lower in postmenopausal women as compared with premenopausal women. Progesterone levels were lower in postmenopausal women and in proliferative phase of premenopausal women as compared with luteal phase of menstrual cycle. Conclusion As menopause sets in, decrease in hormonal levels leads to decreased lung capacity as evident by pulmonary function tests. Decreased pulmonary function test can be attributed to lower levels of sex hormones estrogen and progesterone in postmenopausal women. How to cite this article Karia AK, Kedar KV, Munje RP. Effect of Menopause on Pulmonary Functions: An Analysis! J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2017;5(2):99-101.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS IN A PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH GLYCAEMIC CONTROL AND DURATION OF DIABETES AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Sonam Gupta ◽  
Dr. Yadvendra Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Restrictive Pattern

Background- The pulmonary and other late complications of diabetes share a similar microangiopathy mechanism. Since, they share common mechanisms there may be associations between lung function and markers of microangiopathy. Therefore, we aimed to determine the association of pulmonary function with diabetes and the correlation of pulmonary function abnormalities with microvascular complications. Methods- This was a cross sectional comparative study carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Jaipur,Rajasthan, India. Eligible participants included 100 adults below 60 years of age with T2DM attending the outpatient clinics or admitted to the wards during the study period, and an equal number of non-diabetic adults matched for age and gender who served as the comparative controls. Results- The present study clearly showed a highly statistically significant p value when the lung function tests (FVC, FEV1, and PEFR) were compared between type 2 diabetics and age, sex, BMI matched controls. The duration of DM and PFT correlation was found stastically significant and HbA1c and PFT correlation was found stastically Insignificant. Conclusion- Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes may lead to diabetes associated systemic inflammation which results in airway and lung damage. Diabetes was more common in the sixth decade of life with slight male preponderance. The most common PFT derangement pattern in diabetic subjects is a restrictive pattern and having a significantly longer duration of a diabetic. The short-term indicators of glycemic controls were not significantly associated with a restrictive pattern of PFT. Keywords: Diabetes, Pulmonary function test, HbA1c, Duration of diabetes.

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