scholarly journals Impact of cystic fibrosis on birthweight: a population based study of children in Denmark and Wales

Thorax ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 447-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela K Schlüter ◽  
Rowena Griffiths ◽  
Abdulfatah Adam ◽  
Ashley Akbari ◽  
Martin L Heaven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Hospital Inpatient ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Causal Mediation ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundPoor growth during infancy and childhood is a characteristic feature of cystic fibrosis (CF). However, the impact of CF on intrauterine growth is unclear. We studied the effect of CF on birth weight in Denmark and Wales, and assessed whether any associations are due to differences in gestational age at birth.MethodsWe conducted national registry linkage studies in two countries, using data for 2.2 million singletons born in Denmark (between 1980 and 2010) and Wales (between 1998 and 2015). We used hospital inpatient and outpatient data to identify 852 children with CF. Using causal mediation methods, we estimated the direct and indirect (via gestational age) effect of CF on birth weight after adjustment for sex, parity and socioeconomic background. We tested the robustness of our results by adjusting for additional factors such as maternal smoking during pregnancy in subpopulations where these data were available.ResultsBabies with CF were more likely to be born preterm and with low birth weight than babies with no CF (12.7% vs 5% and 9.4% vs 5.8% preterm; 11.9% vs 4.2% and 11% vs 5.4% low birth weight in Denmark and Wales, respectively). Using causal mediation methods, the total effect of CF on birth weight was estimated to be −178.8 g (95% CI −225.43 to −134.47 g) in the Danish population and −210.08 g (95% CI −281.97 to −141.5 g) in the Welsh population. About 40% of this effect of CF on birth weight was mediated through gestational age.ConclusionsCF significantly impacts on intrauterine growth and leads to lower birth weight in babies with CF, which is only partially explained by shorter gestation.

INFANTS OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT AMONG 5,000 DELIVERIES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
Peter Gruenwald
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Normal Standards

Among 5,000 consecutive deliveries there were 536 infants of low birth weight (401-2,500 gm). Those weighing more than 1,000 gm are analyzed according to stated gestational age and normal standards of birth weight for gestational age. The incidence of chronologically mature infants, and of those retarded in intrauterine growth, was determined for infants weighing 1,001-2,000 gm, 1,001-2,250 gm, and 1 001-2,500 gm. Perinatal mortality figures for the various types of infants of low birth weight are given.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LOW BIRTH WEIGHT AND SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS IN IRELAND

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID MADDEN
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Socioeconomic Gradient ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

SummaryThere is now fairly substantial evidence of a socioeconomic gradient in low birth weight for developed countries. The standard summary statistic for this gradient is the concentration index. Using data from the recently published Growing Up in Ireland survey, this paper calculates this index for low birth weight arising from preterm and intrauterine growth retardation. It also carries out a decomposition of this index for the different sources of low birth weight and finds that income inequality appears to be less important for the case of preterm births, while father's education and local environmental conditions appear to be more relevant for intrauterine growth retardation. The application of the standard Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition also indicates that the socioeconomic gradient for low birth weight appears to arise owing to different characteristics between rich and poor, and not because the impact of any given characteristic on low birth weight differs between rich and poor.

scholarly journals Blood Ferritin Levels in Pregnant Women and Prediction of the Development of Fetal Intrauterine Growth Restriction

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-322
Author(s):  
Nemanja Višnjevac ◽  
Ljiljana Segedi ◽  
Aleksandar Ćurčić ◽  
Jovana Višnjevac ◽  
Dragan Stajić
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

Blood Ferritin Levels in Pregnant Women and Prediction of the Development of Fetal Intrauterine Growth RestrictionIntrauterine growth restriction is one of the leading causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Prediction of intrauterine growth restriction is one of the priority tasks of perinatal protection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the levels of serum ferritin in pregnant women, which could point to a group of patients in whom possible development of fetal growth restriction could have been expected. In this investigation, we conducted a prospective study of healthy pregnant women between 30 and 32 gestational weeks, who were estimated for ferritin values. Newborn infants of low birth weight for gestational age were recorded in 8.1%. Anemia was not present in any of the patients who delivered low birth weight babies. Ferritin serum levels in mothers of the babies with low birth weight were on average 6.42 μg/L higher than in the mothers with appropriate for gestational age babies (p<0.005). ROC analysis of newborn infants birth weight and maternal blood ferritin levels showed that blood ferritin level had good predictive value. In case the recorded maternal blood ferritin values are above 13.6 μg/L, we can assume with the sensitivity of 64.7% and specificity of 91.7%, that the pregnant woman will develop a condition of intrauterine growth restriction. The missing decrease of ferritin values, erythrocytes, hemoglobin and hematocrit in the blood of healthy pregnant women between 30 and 32 gestational weeks, can with high probability point to the development of fetal intrauterine growth restriction.

Intrauterine growth restriction affects z-scores of anthropometric parameters during the first 6 years in very low-birth-weight-children born at less than 30 weeks of gestation

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Hiromichi Shoji ◽  
Akiko Watanabe ◽  
Atsuko Awaji ◽  
Naho Ikeda ◽  
Mariko Hosozawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Z Scores

AbstractObjective:Little is known about physical constitution outcomes for very preterm infants. Here, we compare z-scores of anthropometric parameters up to 6 years of age in children born with very low birth weight (VLBW) at less than 30 weeks of gestation, with or without intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).Design:Participants were divided into four subgroups: male (M), small for gestational age (SGA) (n = 30); M, appropriate for gestational age (AGA) (n = 59); female (F), SGA (n = 24); and F, AGA (n = 61). z-Scores of body weight (BW), body length (BL), and body mass index (BMI) were assessed at birth, 1 year corrected age, 3 years of age, and 6 years of age.Results:For boys, BW and BMI were significantly lower among SGA children than among AGA children at all assessments, but there was no difference in BL at 3 or 6 years. For girls, BW and BL were significantly lower among SGA children than among AGA children at all assessments, but no difference was detected in BMI after 1.5 years. No significant variation in the z-score of BW or BMI in either SGA group was observed after 1 year. BL z-score in all groups gradually increased until 6 years of age.Conclusion:IUGR affects BW and BMI in boys and BW and BL in girls during the first 6 years in VLBW children born at less than 30 weeks of gestation. SGA children did not catch up in BW or BMI from 1 to 6 years of age.

scholarly journals Gestational Age Specific Anthropometric Percentile Charts Of Newborns At Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Sunil Raja Manandhar ◽  
Dharma Sharna Manandhar
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
National Level ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Medical College

Background: A gestational age specific c birth weight, length and head circumference centile chart will help to identify intrauterine growth of a baby. Since the first published gestational age specific anthropometric study done in Nepal by Manandhar DS et al in 1993-94, there have been significant changes in socioeconomic conditions with improved health indicators. This study was done for identifying any changes in anthropometric measurements of the newborns born at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital (KMCTH). Objectives: To produce gestational age specific c birth weight, length and head circumference centile charts of the New born babies born at KMCTH and to calculate incidence of low birth weight (LBW) babies at KMCTH. Methods: This is a cross sectional observational study. Study was done at labour room, operation theatre, special care baby unit and postnatal wards of KMCTH. Study period was from 18th Aug 2011 to 28th Nov 2012 (15 months duration). Within 24 hours of birth, baby’s weight, length and head circumference were measured by medical officers and post graduate Residents of the Paediatrics Department. Mother’s weight, height and ethnicity were also recorded. Maturity of the baby was assessed by maternal history and corroborated by using modified Ballard score and Obstetric USG (Ultra sonogram) findings. Data were entered in excel database programme and later transferred into SPSS (Statistical package of social science) 16. Mean, standard deviation, range and percentiles values at different gestational age specific c groups were calculated. Results: A total of 2029 live babies without gross congenital malformations were included in this study, among which 57% (1154) were male. While analyzing maturity assessment, 89.1% (1808) were term, 8.7% (176) were preterm and 2.2 % (45) babies were post term. Mean birth weight at 40 weeks of gestation was 3.10 kg with Standard Deviation (SD) of 0.4 kg, mean head circumference was 34.0 cm (SD 1.2 cm) and mean length was 49.2 cm (SD 2.2 cm). Out of 2029 babies, 16.2% (328) babies were low birth weight (LBW) and 1.4% (28) babies weighed >4 kg. Conclusion: Percentile charts of newborns will help to assess the intrauterine growth of babies. Further more studies of these percentile charts will help to produce national level percentile charts of newborns of Nepal.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkmc.v3i3.12244Journal of Kathmandu Medical CollegeVol. 3, No. 3, Issue 9, Jul.-Sep., 2014,Page: 97-101

scholarly journals Glycemic status in exclusively breast fed low birth weight babies In first 72 hours of life in a teriary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1276
Author(s):  
Vithal Rao S. Natta ◽  
Deepthi Pagali ◽  
Venkata Priyanka Dandugula ◽  
Sowjanya Bhanu Veera
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Breast Fed

Background: Neonatal hypoglycaemia, a common metabolic problem, often goes unnoticed owing to lack of specific symptoms. It can lead to considerable mortality and morbidity with long term neurological sequelae. Adequate breast feeding play an important role in maintaining normal glucose levels. So, this study is done to assess the incidence of hypoglycaemia in exclusively breast fed low birth weight babies, both term and preterm neonates and evaluate the impact of early breast feeding on glycaemic status upto 72 hours of life.Methods: This study was conducted over 12 month period involving 236 AGA (Appropriate for gestational age), SGA (Small for gestational age) babies with birth weight between 1.6-2.49 kg. Blood glucose values were measured at birth, 3h, 6h, 12h, 24h, 48h and 72h of life after delivery which was independent of feeding time. Hypoglycaemia was assessed against age of onset, gestational age, sex of baby, mode of delivery and time of initiation of breast feeding.Results: Total 56 episodes of hypoglycaemia were recorded in 52 babies of which 46 (27%) were term SGA babies and 6(8%) were preterm AGA babies (p=0.00148). The incidence of hypoglycaemia was found to be 22%, highest during the first 24 hours of life (93%) and delayed breast feeding is the most commonly noted risk factor (p=0.00024).Conclusions: Low birth babies are more prone to develop hypoglycaemia especially in first 24 hours of life with delayed introduction of breast feeding being one of the common risk factors and asymptomatic hypoglycaemia can be managed with frequent breast feeding without any formula feeds.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Factors that Influence the Incidence of Low Birth Weight (BBLR) in Bojonegoro District

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Wahyu Rusmitawati ◽  
Byba Melda Suhita ◽  
Ratna Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Center Area

Low Birth Weight is health problems that need to be addressed seriously because is an indicator to determine health level of the nation. South East Asia has 20-35 % of infants born with Low Birth Weight and 70-80% neonates were death because of  premature infants and Low Birth Weight. In Bojonegoro district since 3 years ago, has fluctuated cases of Low Birth Weight. The purpose of this research to know the impact of nutritional status of mothers, gestational age, disorder/comorbidities of disorder, exposure to cigarette smoke, parity and regularity examination pregnancy relating Low Birth Weight in Bojonegoro district. The methodology of this research is analytic correlational by approach cross sectional. The population research is all women rise in November 2019- January 2020 in public health center area Balen, Ngasem, Kedungadem Bojonegoro district. The technique of this research used proportional random sampling by using 133 samples. Analysis techniques data using regression double logistics. The result showed that a variable that influence the incidence Low Birth Weight is the nutritional status (p=0,000), disorder/ comorbidities of comorbidities (p=0,013) and parity (p=0,008). While variables that not affected to  Low Birth Weight is gestational age, exposure to cigarette smoke and regularity examination pregnancy. Six variables with negelkerke has value R= 0,658 capable of being explained Low Birth Weight factors influencing the cases.

scholarly journals Developmental delay in 3-month-old low birth weight infants with hyperbilirubinemia

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiradharma Wiradharma ◽  
I Gusti Ayu Trisna Windiani ◽  
Ekawaty Lutfia Haksari
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Learning Data

Backgrourui Developmental delay may be due to a variety offactors occurring during the prenatal, perinatal, or postnatalperiods, one of which is hyperbilirubinemia.Objective To evaluate the impact ofhyperbilirubinemia on infantdevelopmental delay.Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted from March toJuly 2011. Subjects were low birth weight infants with and withouthyperbilirubinemia. Developmental delay was measured using theMullen Scales of Early Learning. Data was analyzed by Chi squaretest and relative risks were calculated. Logistic regression analysiswas performed to assess factors associated with developmentaldelay. Differences were considered statistically significant for Pvalues < 0.05.Results Forty-six low birth weight infants were enrolledin this study, 23 with hyperbilirubinemia and 23 withouthyperbilirubinemia. The relative risk (RR) for developmentaldelay in the hyperbilirubinemia group was 2.08 (95%CI 0.51 to8 .40). Multivariate analysis revealed that hyperbilirubinemia didnot significantly influence developmental delay (RR 1.45; 95%CI0.29 to 7.31). However, small for gestational age with or withouthyperbilirubinemia significantly influenced developmental delay(RR 12.13; 95%CI 2.43 to 60.56).Conclusion Hyperbilirubinemia in low birth weight infants isn ot a risk factor for developmental delay at the age of 3 months.However, being small for gestational age with or withouthyperbilirubinemia significantly influences the likelihood ofdevelopmental delay.

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