Recruiting and retaining youth and young adults: challenges and opportunities in survey research for tobacco control

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Cantrell ◽  
Elizabeth C Hair ◽  
Alexandria Smith ◽  
Morgane Bennett ◽  
Jessica Miller Rath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Youth And Young Adults ◽  
Nationally Representative

IntroductionEvaluation studies of population-based tobacco control interventions often rely on large-scale survey data from numerous respondents across many geographic areas to provide evidence of their effectiveness. Significant challenges for survey research have emerged with the evolving communications landscape, particularly for surveying hard-to-reach populations such as youth and young adults. This study combines the comprehensive coverage of an address-based sampling (ABS) frame with the timeliness of online data collection to develop a nationally representative longitudinal cohort of young people aged 15-21.MethodsWe constructed an ABS frame, partially supplemented with auxiliary data, to recruit this hard-to-reach sample. Branded and tested mail-based recruitment materials were designed to bring respondents online for screening, consent and surveying. Once enrolled, respondents completed online surveys every 6 months via computer, tablet or smartphone. Numerous strategies were utilized to enhance retention and representativenessResultsResults detail sample performance, representativeness and retention rates as well as device utilization trends for survey completion among youth and young adult respondents. Panel development efforts resulted in a large, nationally representative sample with high retention rates.ConclusionsThis study is among the first to employ this hybrid ABS-to-online methodology to recruit and retain youth and young adults in a probability-based online cohort panel. The approach is particularly valuable for conducting research among younger populations as it capitalizes on their increasing access to and comfort with digital communication. We discuss challenges and opportunities of panel recruitment and retention methods in an effort to provide valuable information for tobacco control researchers seeking to obtain representative, population-based samples of youth and young adults in the U.S. as well as across the globe.

A Descriptive Analysis of the Child Protection Histories of Youth and Young Adults Arrested in California

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Lane Eastman ◽  
Regan Foust ◽  
John Prindle ◽  
Lindsey Palmer ◽  
Justin Erlich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Multinomial Model ◽  
Protective Service ◽  
Youth And Young Adults ◽  
History Of

In this study, we use population-based linked administrative data to document the full child protective service (CPS) histories of arrested youth and young adults. We extracted records for all individuals aged 24 and under who were arrested in California in 2014 and 2015. These records were probabilistically linked to statewide CPS records dating back to 1998. Overall, 43.4% of those arrested had a history of CPS involvement. Among individuals with uncensored CPS records (born in 1998 or later), 60.2% had past CPS involvement. Findings indicate that youth and young adults booked for a felony offense were more likely to have a history of CPS involvement than those booked for misdemeanors. A multinomial model served to confirm bivariate findings. This study provides further evidence that community concerns of childhood maltreatment were common among criminal justice–involved young adults.

scholarly journals Associations between smoking trajectories, smoke-free laws and cigarette taxes in a longitudinal sample of youth and young adults

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246321
Author(s):  
Dorie E. Apollonio ◽  
Lauren M. Dutra ◽  
Stanton A. Glantz
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Tobacco Control Policy ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Reduced Risk

Cigarette smoking patterns vary within the population, with some individuals remaining never smokers, some remaining occasional users, and others progressing to daily use or quitting. There is little research on how population-level tobacco control policy interventions affect individuals within different smoking trajectories. We identified associations between tobacco control policy interventions and changes across different smoking trajectories among adolescents and young adults. Using 15 annual waves of data drawn from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97), we applied a group-based trajectory model to identify associations between days smoked per month, comprehensive smoke-free laws, cigarette tax rates, and known socio-demographic risk factors for membership in different smoking trajectories. Comprehensive smoke-free laws were associated with reduced risk of initiation and reductions in days smoked per month for all trajectories other than occasional users. Higher tax rates were associated with reduced risk of initiation and days smoked for all trajectories other than established users. Overall, population-based tobacco control policies, particularly comprehensive smoke-free laws, were associated with reduced smoking. Tobacco taxes primarily reduced risk of initiation and use among never smokers, experimenters, and quitters, consistent with previous research suggesting that tobacco manufacturers lower prices after tax increases to reduce the cost of continued smoking for established users. These results provide support for expanding smoke-free laws and establishing a minimum tobacco floor price, which could improve public health by reducing the risk of initiation as well as use among occasional and established smokers.

scholarly journals Methods of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii4-iii9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E Thompson ◽  
Pete Driezen ◽  
Christian Boudreau ◽  
Nicolas Bécuwe ◽  
Thomas K Agar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Sampling Design ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
Representative Samples

Abstract Background The EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe surveys aim to evaluate the impact of the European Union’s Tobacco Products Directive (EU TPD) implementation within the context of the WHO FCTC. This article describes the methodology of the 2016 (Wave 1) and 2018 (Wave 2) International Tobacco Control 6 European (6E) Country Survey in Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain; the England arm of the 2016 (Wave 1) and 2018 (Wave 2) ITC 4 Country Smoking and Vaping (4CV) Survey; and the 2016 (Wave 10) and 2017 (Wave 11) ITC Netherlands (NL) Survey. All three ITC surveys covering a total of eight countries are prospective cohort studies with nationally representative samples of smokers. Methods In the three surveys across the eight countries, the recruited respondents were cigarette smokers who smoked at least monthly, and were aged 18 and older. At each survey wave, eligible cohort members from the previous waves were retained, regardless of smoking status, and dropouts were replaced by a replenishment sample. Results Retention rates between the two waves of the ITC 6E Survey by country were 70.5% for Germany, 41.3% for Greece, 35.7% for Hungary, 45.6% for Poland, 54.4% for Romania and 71.3% for Spain. The retention rate for England between ITC 4CV1 and ITC 4CV2 was 39.1%; the retention rates for the ITC Netherlands Survey were 76.6% at Wave 10 (2016) and 80.9% at Wave 11 (2017). Conclusion The ITC sampling design and data collection methods in these three ITC surveys allow analyses to examine prospectively the impact of policy environment changes on the use of cigarettes and other tobacco products in each country, to make comparisons across the eight countries.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Young Adult Vaping, Substance Vaped, and Purchase Location Across Five Categories of Vaping Devices

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam N Cwalina ◽  
Jessica L Braymiller ◽  
Adam M Leventhal ◽  
Jennifer B Unger ◽  
Rob McConnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
Youth And Young Adults ◽  
Never Smokers

Abstract Introduction The rapidly evolving landscape of vaping devices has complicated analyses of use patterns among youth and young adults. The current study describes the prevalence of use, substances vaped, and purchasing behaviors across five different vaping device categories. Aims and Methods Participants (n = 2505; mean age = 19.2, SD = 0.46) from a cohort in the Los Angeles area completed web-based surveys from June 2018 to October 2019. For each of four device type categories depicted via digital images (any pod-style vape, cigalike, box-mod, vape pen) and for JUUL specifically, participants reported ever and past 30-day use, substance vaped (mostly nicotine, nicotine and tetrahydrocannabinol [THC], mostly THC, neither), ownership of device (yes/no), where they obtained that device (eg, purchased themselves, from a friend), and if purchased, purchase location (eg, vape shop, online). Results Overall, 44.9% reported ever use, and 26.2% reported past 30-day use of at least one of the devices. The prevalence of past 30-day use was highest for pod-style vapes (any pod = 17.0%; JUUL = 15.1%). Among respondents who reported ever owning any device (n = 643 [25.7%]), 59.9% reported purchasing the device themselves, despite not being of legal purchasing age (15.4% of total sample); across all device types, products were most often purchased in vape shops or online. Conclusions Across all devices, the prevalence of self-purchase of vaping devices among underage young adults in the Los Angeles area was high, and most were purchased from a vape shop or online. Tobacco control policies to prevent underage purchase of tobacco products—particularly among never smokers—are needed. Implications A high proportion of underage young adults reported owning their own vaping device and having purchased it themselves from a vape shop or online. Stronger tobacco control policies and better enforcement efforts are needed to successfully prevent underage purchase of tobacco products.

scholarly journals Longitudinal pathways of exclusive and polytobacco smokeless use among youth, young adults and adults in the USA: findings from the PATH Study Waves 1–3 (2013–2016)

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. s170-s177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Sharma ◽  
Kathryn C Edwards ◽  
Michael J Halenar ◽  
Kristie A Taylor ◽  
Karin A Kasza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Longitudinal Analyses ◽  
Common Pathway ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Youth And Young Adults ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Nationally Representative

ObjectiveUse of smokeless tobacco (SLT) with other tobacco products is growing, yet gaps in understanding transitions among SLT and other product use remain. The aim of this study is to examine cross-sectional prevalence and longitudinal pathways of SLT use among US youth (12–17 years), young adults (18–24 years) and adults 25+ (25 years and older).DesignData were drawn from the first three waves (2013–2016) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study of US youth and adults. Respondents with data at all three waves (youth, n=11 046; young adults, n=6478; adults 25+, n=17 188) were included in longitudinal analyses.ResultsYoung adults had the highest current SLT use compared with other age groups. Among Wave 1 (W1) past 30-day youth and young adult SLT users, most were SLT and cigarette polytobacco users compared with adults 25+, who more often used SLT exclusively. Among W1 exclusive SLT users, persistent exclusive use across all three waves was more common among adults 25+, while transitioning from exclusive SLT use to SLT polytobacco use at Wave 2 or Wave 3 was more common among youth and young adults. Among W1 SLT and cigarette polytobacco users, a common pathway was discontinuing SLT use but continuing other tobacco use.ConclusionsOur results showed distinct longitudinal transitions among exclusive and SLT polytobacco users. Deeper understanding of these critical product transitions will allow for further assessment of population health impact of these products.

scholarly journals A Community-Based “Street Team” Tobacco Cessation Intervention by and for Youth and Young Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Saw ◽  
Crystal Nicole Steltenpohl
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Tobacco Cessation ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Youth And Young Adults

Most tobacco users initiate use as youth or young adults. To promote tobacco cessation for this group and encourage non-users’ engagement in tobacco control efforts, a community-based organization developed a “Street Team” brief outreach intervention that enlisted youth and young adults to encourage their peers to stop tobacco use through a brief intervention. Street Team members provided education, a Quit Kit, and referrals to cessation resources at a total of 27 community events over a four-year period. Tobacco users (n = 279) completed assessments of tobacco use, quit intention, and quit self-efficacy at baseline. Self-reports of cessation outcomes including past week abstinence were assessed 1-, 3-, and 6-months post-intervention. Perceptions of the intervention were gathered from Street Team members (n = 28) and intervention participants post-intervention. T-tests and χ2-tests were used to compare those who completed at least one follow-up assessment to those lost to follow-up. Time effects were analyzed using fixed effect models. Missing = using analyses indicate 16.1, 18.6, and 12.5% 7-day quit rate at 1-, 3-, and 6-months follow-up. Feedback from intervention participants indicate the intervention was acceptable and that discussions with Street Team members and provision of quit kits motivated tobacco users to consider quitting. All Street Team members responded positively to their participation in the intervention. This Street Team approach for youth and young adults is promising as an effective approach to the promotion of tobacco cessation among users and engagement and empowerment in tobacco control efforts among non-users.

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