Morphologie, structure et ontogénie des nectaires floraux de l’Ailanthus glandulosa

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 818-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérard Bory ◽  
Danielle Clair-Maczulajtys
Keyword(s):  
Apical Part ◽  
Basal Part ◽  
Anomocytic Stomata ◽  
Nectariferous Tissue ◽  
Number Of Cells

Staminate and hermaphroditic flowers show an hypogynous disc which is composed of two separate parts, an apical and a basal part. These histologic zones should be considered as nectaries. They differ by their position, their shape, and the content and state of differentiation of their cells. Basal nectaries are not vascularized but phloem bundles reach the tip of the disc. Initiation of nectariferous tissue occurs after that of the floral parts. The basal nectaries appear first but the number of cells still increases during the formation of the apical part of the disc. Both basal and apical nectaries have a superficial origin. Numerous anomocytic stomata are present especially on the surface of the apical nectaries; they are rounded and keep their stomatal pores open. On basal nectaries, however, they occur much less frequently.

scholarly journals Anatomical investigations of the strawberry (Fragaria grandiflora Ehrh.) receptacle in the initial stages of development

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-207
Author(s):  
Jan Szymański
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Bundle ◽  
Apical Part ◽  
Strawberry Fruit ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Long Day ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Paraffin Method ◽  
Number Of Cells ◽  
Intensive Growth

The anatomical changes occurring in the strawberry fruit in the course of its growth were investigated. Flowers or fruits were collected from the apexes of the inflorescence of plants of the cultivar 'Talisman' cultivated in the glasshouse under long day. A method was developed for embedding the receptacle in a mixture of paraffin, rubber and wax, because the classical paraffin method did not give good results. Three different vascular bundle systems were distinguished in the strawberry, supplying the particular parts of the flower. Most intensive growth of the mean number of cells occurs in the cortex. The number of pith cells, beginning with the 5th day after pollination does not practically increase. Neither does between the 5th and 10th day after pollination, the number of cortical cells increase in the apical part of the fruit.

scholarly journals Expression of claudins in the normal canine gastric mucosa

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Psáder ◽  
Csaba Jakab ◽  
Ákos Máthé ◽  
Gyula Balka ◽  
Kinga Pápa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Apical Part ◽  
Basal Part ◽  
Gastric Epithelial Cells ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Gastric Cells ◽  
Pyloric Stomach ◽  
Mucous Neck Cells

The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression pattern of claudin-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -7, -8, -10 and -18 in the intact fundic and pyloric gastric mucosa of dogs. Intense, linear, membranous claudin-18 positivity was detected in the surface gastric cells and in the epithelial cells of the gastric glands both in the fundic and pyloric stomach regions. The mucous neck cells in the apical part of the glands, furthermore the parietal cells and chief cells of the basal part of the gland were all positive for claudin-18, in the same way as the enteroendocrine cells. Cells of the basal part of the pyloric glands showed intense, linear, membranous claudin-2 positivity, but cells of the superficial portion of these glands and the surface gastric cells in this region were claudin-2 negative. Fibroblasts, endothelial cells, lymphocytes of the propria layer, smooth muscle cells and vegetative neurons were all negative for claudin-2. All gastric epithelial cells were negative for claudin-1, -3, -4, -5, -6, -7, -8 and -10. The endothelial cells of the propria layer had intense claudin-5 positivity. We assume that claudin-18 forms a paracellular barrier against gastric acid in the healthy canine stomach, in the same way as in mice.

scholarly journals THEORY OF GEOTROPISM BASED ON MASS ACTION

1923 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 853-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Loeb
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Apical Part ◽  
Basal Part ◽  
Mass Action ◽  
Apical Leaf

1. It is shown that the rate of geotropic curvature of a piece of stem of Bryophyllum calycinum when suspended horizontally increases with the mass of an apical leaf attached to the stem. 2. It is shown that the dry weight of the stem increases with the mass of the leaf attached and also that the degree of curvature increases with this increase in the dry weight of the stem. 3. The conclusion is drawn that geotropic curvature is in this case a function of mass action of the material sent by the leaf into the basal part of the stem. 4. The material sent by a leaf into the apical part of a stem does not lead to the same geotropic curvature.

scholarly journals Micromorphology of flowers, anatomy and ultrastructure of Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rausch. (Asteraceae) nectary

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Sulborska
Keyword(s):  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Apical Part ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Golgi Bodies ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
Palisade Cells ◽  
Subcuticular Space ◽  
Nectariferous Tissue

Investigations of the micromorphology of flowers and the structure of nectaries in <i>Chamomilla recutita</i> L. (Rausch.) were carried out with the use of stereoscopic, light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Biseriate glandular trichomes consisting of 5-6 cell layers were found on the surface of the corollas of ray and disc florets. Accumulation of secretion within the subcuticular space was accompanied by degradation of trichome cells. Secretion release followed rupture of the cuticle in the apical part of the trichome. The ovary of the ray florets exhibited characteristic ribs covered with epidermis composed of radially elongated palisade cells. Nectariferous glands were present only in the disc florets. The ring-like nectary (93 × 163 µm; height × diameter) was located above the inferior ovary. The gland structure was formed by single-layer epidermis and 5-8 layers of specialised nectariferous parenchyma. Nectar was released via modified 15-20 µm wide stomata. The guard cells were slightly elevated above the surface of the other epidermal cells or were located slightly below them. The stomatal cells were characterised by small external and internal cuticular ledges. No vascular bundles were observed in the nectary. The gland was supplied by branches of vascular bundles reaching the style and ending at the nectary base. The nectariferous tissue was formed by isodiametric cells with a diameter of 11-20 µm. The cell interior was filled with electron dense cytoplasm containing a large nucleus, numerous pleomorphic plastids, mitochondria with a distinct system of cristae, Golgi bodies, ER profiles, and ribosomes. The plastid stroma was characterised by presence of pastoglobuli, intraplastid tubules, and lighter zones. Several small vacuoles were found in each cell. Plasmodesmata were visible in the walls of some cells. Lighter periplasmic space in which apoplastic transport of nectar might take place was observed between the plasmalemma and the cell wall. The presence of an osmiophilic substance in the intercellular spaces additionally corroborates this assumption.

The distribution pattern of the medullary depsidone salazinic acid in the thallus of Ramalina siliquosa (lichens)

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Hamada
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Apical Part ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Basal Part

The quantitative variability of salazinic acid content in ramuli of various weight classes and at various longitudinal parts of the ramulus in Ramalina siliquosa was examined. The salazinic acid content (percentage in dry weight) in the ramuli was higher in the apical part than in the basal part, but there was no difference in the average concentration of salazinic acid among various ramuli with differing weights. The ratio of salazinic acid concentration in the apical part to that in the basal part of the ramulus was nearly the same regardless of the weight or presumably of the developmental stages of the ramuli.

scholarly journals Characteristics of galls formed by Lipara pullitarsis Doskočil & Chvála, 1971 (Diptera, Chloropidae) on common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. Ex Steud, 1841)

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Anna Janicka ◽  
Maria Grochowska
Keyword(s):  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Apical Part ◽  
Common Reed ◽  
Basal Part ◽  
Structural Pattern

We studied galls formed by Lipara pullitarsis in the apical part of common reed stems, paying particular attention to the number and length of internodes that formed the basal part of each gall. L. similis galls were used only as a reference for the study of L. pullitarsis galls, as they were characterised by a uniform structural pattern and a shape similar to some galls produced by L. pullitarsis. L. pullitarsis galls vary in shape. The species is found in conspicuous galls that are narrow at the base and have a wider apical part. It can also be found inside rod-shaped galls similar to those formed by L. similis. The shape of an L. pullitarsis gall is determined by the number and length of internodes that form its basal part, with the length of internodes III, IV and V being of the greatest significance.

scholarly journals Development of rye embryo. I. Preliminary investigations on ultrastructure of 7-day-old proembryo

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Stefaniak
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Apical Part ◽  
Basal Part ◽  
Multivesicular Bodies ◽  
Ultrastructural Examination ◽  
Stage Of Development

Ultrastructural examination of 7-day-old rye proembryos did not reveal distinct differences in the cell structure of its particular parts. It was noted, however, that in the cells of the apical part vacuoles and multivesicular bodies were more numerous than, in the basal part. These specific features of the cells of the apical part of the proembryo (together with data of other authors) seem to indicate an early stage of development of the embryonal scutellum.

Five new species of Caddisflies (Trichoptera: Insecta) from Upper Tenasserim Range, Thailand and Myanmar

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4524 (3) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
PONGSAK LAUDEE ◽  
HANS MALICKY
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Apical Part ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Basal Part ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Ventral Aspect

Five new species of caddisflies are described from the Upper Tenasserim Range, including Chimarra keawpradubi n. sp., Ecnomus niyomwasi n. sp., Psychomyia pinsuwanae n. sp., Leptocerus suwannarati n. sp., and Setodes lertpongsombatae n. sp., based on distinctive characters of male genitalia. Chimarra keawpradubi n. sp. differs from other Chimarra spp. in ventral aspect of inferior appendages, each of which is rectangular with a bulging process apicoventrally and with an acute apex. The basal part of each inferior appendage is square and the apical part is narrow in E. niyomwasi n. sp., differentiating it from other species in the genus. Psychomyia pinsuwanae n. sp. differs from P. amphiaraos Malicky and Chantaramongkol 1997, a closely similar species, by characters of the inferior appendages; the inner branch of each inferior appendage has a long, straight spine on its inner side. Leptocerus suwannarati n. sp. can be distinguished from other Leptocerus spp. by the processes of segment X, which are long, thin, and symmetrical. Setodes lertpongsombatae differs from other Setodes spp. in characters of segment X, which is deeply divided subapically into two very long saber-like blades in lateral view. 

Epidermal Structure and Stomatal Ontogeny in Zornia Gmel

1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 327 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Kannabiran
Keyword(s):  
Basal Part ◽  
Ovary Wall ◽  
Epidermal Structure ◽  
Anomocytic Stomata ◽  
Subsidiary Cells ◽  
Dual Origin ◽  
Narrow Base ◽  
Outer Epidermis ◽  
Stomatal Ontogeny

Epidermal structure and development of stomata were studied in the vegetative and fioral organs of Zornia diphylla (L.) Pers. and Z. zeylonensis Pers. Most of the intercostal cells in leaflet, stipule, and bract are large-sized mucilaginous idioblasts. The swollen base of the idioblast compresses the basal part of the adjacent subsidiary or ordinary cell, which hence has a narrow base in contrast to that of the idioblast. Para-mesogenous, aniso-, and tetra-mesoperigenous stomata occur in all organs of the above species. In addition, the outer epidermis of the ovary wall shows aperigenous (anomocytic) stomata. Stomata of the first three types are dolabrate, irrespective of their mesogenous or mesoperigenous development. These types are related, the differences between them depending on the nature of the placement of the second wall of the meristemoid. The present study lends support to an earlier contention that anomocytic (aperigenous) stomata may result from suppression of the divisions of the meristemoid of paracytic type. It is suggested that stomata flanked by two lateral, parallel, meso- genous subsidiaries which do not meet each other at least at one pole (incomplete), should be termed aniso- or tetra-mesoperigenous according to the total number of subsidiary cells of dual origin.

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