Classification of cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare). 2. Elaboration of cultivar groups

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 2152-2160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard R. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Stopping Rules ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Cultivar Groups ◽  
Discriminant Analyses ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analyses

Two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar groups were established from 329 world-representative accessions of named cultivars scored for 37 morphometric characters. The two groups are similar to the popular division of two rowed and six rowed, one group containing mostly two-rowed barleys but also a few of the other kind and the second group mostly six rowed barleys together with some two-rowed. Both groups include naked and covered types, "iregular," "deficiens," and other types. The implications of the two groups for barley cultivar nomenclature are discussed. The two cultivar groups were discerned by the application of various hierarchical cluster analyses in combination with three different stopping rules as indicators to cluster numbers, supported by classificatory discriminant analysis with cross validation, and their relationships illustrated by canonical discriminant analyses.

Classification of cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare). 1. Historical aspects, and phenetic character analysis of some characters by information theory and by spatial autocorrelation

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2769-2773
Author(s):  
Bernard B. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Spatial Autocorrelation ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Character Analysis ◽  
Barley Cultivars

A brief historical sketch of the classification of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars is presented along with reference to key reviews on this subject. Characters, utilized in the comprehensive study on the barley cultivars of North America by Aberg and Wiebe (U.S. Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin 942), were subjected to a series of phenetic character analyses using an information theory model and a spatial autocorrelation model. The ranking of the 48 characters in order of their importance (for classification and identification purposes) from the character analysis by information theory was compared with the previous rating of characters made by Aberg and Wiebe and was found to differ significantly. Numerous trials of character analysis by spatial autocorrelation using various Minkowski distances, setting various values among three parameters, never yielded results comparable with those obtained by Aberg and Wiebe. Among those trials, a few combinations of values for the three parameters (X, Y, and Z) yielded results comparable with those obtained with character analysis by information theory. Those same combinations of values were found by Estabrook and Gates (Taxon, 33: 13–25) in their study of Banisteriopsis in 1984, where they also developed the method of character analysis by spatial autocorrelation. Kernel weight was found to be the most important character.

Morphometric relationships in Hordeum vulgare (Triticeae, Poaceae). II. Hordeum agriocrithon, H. distichum, H. lagunculiforme, H. spontaneum, and H. vulgare

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 2023-2031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard R. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Entire Data ◽  
Morphometric Analyses ◽  
The Status ◽  
Discriminant Analyses ◽  
Cross Tabulation

Morphometric analyses of five morphs in Hordeum vulgare L. consisted of: computation of general statistics and frequency distributions by character for the entire data and for each morph separately; cross tabulation; various discriminant analyses; computation of Jardine and Sibson's (1968. Math. Biosci. 2: 465–482) information radius between the morphs followed by Bk clustering; and computation of phylogenetic trees from the transformed information radius matrix using three related methods. It is concluded that on the basis of morphometric data, excluding the traditional characters, that at least three morphs within H. vulgare (sensu lato) ought to be recognized as taxonomic entities. These are known as H. spontaneum C. Koch, H. distichum L., and H. vulgare (wild, two-row, and six-row barley, respectively). The hybrids and hybrid derivatives, often referred to as H. agriocrithon Åberg, are not regarded as entities but as products of interaction. The status of H. lagunculiforme Bakht. is uncertain and needs to be further investigated. It is postulated that a lagunculiforme-like entity might have been the progenitor of the group.

scholarly journals Cross linguistic aphasia testing: The Portuguese version of the Aachen Aphasia Test (AAT)

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1046-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTIN LAUTERBACH ◽  
ISABEL PAVÃO MARTINS ◽  
PAULA GARCIA ◽  
JOANA CABEÇA ◽  
ANA CRISTINA FERREIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multicenter Studies ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Syndromic Diagnosis ◽  
Good Internal Consistency ◽  
Discriminant Analyses ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractWe report the adaptation of the Aachen Aphasia Test (AAT) to the Portuguese language (PAAT) and the results of its standardization in 125 persons with aphasia and 153 healthy controls. Patients with aphasia had a previous syndromic diagnosis, obtained through a Portuguese aphasia battery, which served as a reference. The control group was stratified by age and educational level. Hierarchical cluster analyses showed good construct validity. The increasing degree of difficulty and complexity throughout the item sets comprising subtests was confirmed. The discriminatory power of the PAAT for the selection of aphasic from non-aphasic persons proved to be as high as for the AAT versions in other languages. Classification of standard aphasic syndromes by means of discriminant analyses was good. Internal consistency, measured by means of Cronbach's alpha coefficient, was high to very high for the different PAAT subtests. Performance differences caused by age or educational level among the healthy control persons emphasized the need for correction factors. In conclusion, the PAAT showed robust psychometrical properties, comparable to the original German and to adaptations to other languages. It constitutes a useful tool for cross-linguistic and multicenter studies. (JINS, 2008, 14, 1046–1056.)

scholarly journals Morphmetric analysis of apis cerana populations in Huangshan, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linsheng Yu ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Sisi Huang ◽  
Shoudong Bi ◽  
Chao Zong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Morphometric Methods ◽  
Wilks Lambda ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analyses

Abstract Honey bees (Apis cerana Fabricius) were collected from 195 colonies at seven different localities spanning the main beekeeping areas in Huangshan. Morphometric methods were used to measure seven standard morphometric characters, and these bees were compared to samples from the Henan, Shandong, and Yunnan provinces. Principal component analysis of the total Huangshan database yielded two clusters: bees from Jinxian and Jixixian, and those from other localities. Within the latter cluster, discriminant and hierarchical cluster analyses revealed overlapping regional sub-clusters: bees from Huangshanqu, Qimenxian, Huizhouqu, and Shexian, and those from Yixian. Significant differences between the means of the three clusters were demonstrated using Wilks’ lambda statistic. Morphocluster separation was related to altitude differences. Moreover, we noted some regions with high intercolonial variance, suggesting introgression among these defined honeybee populations.

scholarly journals Metals Phytotoxicity Assessment and Classification

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Natalia O. Ryzhenko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Dipole Moment ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Biological Object ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Fourth Class

In this paper, the influence of trace metals(Cd, Pb, Cu, Co, Ni, Zn) on plants of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was investigated in polluted sod podzolic sandy loam on layered glacial sands and calcareous deep chernozem on loamy loess soils. We propose to estimate the phytotoxicity with help of phytotoxicological classification. The phytotoxicological classification of trace metals gives the possibility to assess their hazard for plants. On the base of indicators such as: plant up-taking index (UI), phytoletal dose (PhLD50), Dipole moment (µ), Phyto Maximum Allowable Concentration (PMAC) a phytotoxicological classification of hazardous trace metals was suggested. The four classes of danger in phytotoxicological classification of hazardous trace metals were offered. According to phytotoxicological classification, Cd, Co, Ni belong to the first class of hazard, Cu – to second class of hazard, Zn – to third class of hazard, Pb – to fourth class of hazard. Phytotoxicological classification of hazardous trace metals gives the possibility to comprehensively estimate the danger of trace metals for plants as a biological object that plays a very important role in the life of ecosystem. This approach may be applied for another trace metals risk assessment for other plants.

scholarly journals Application of principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses in the classification of Serbian bottled waters and a comparison with waters from some European countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 711-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Cvejanov ◽  
Biljana Skrbic
Keyword(s):  
Major Ions ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Fast Classification ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analyses

The contents of major ions in bottled waters were analyzed by principal component (PCA) and hierarchical cluster (HCA) analysis in order to investigate if these techniques could provide the information necessary for classifications of the water brands marketed in Serbia. Data on the contents of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, SO4 2-, HCO3 - and total dissolved solids (TDS) of 33 bottled waters was used as the input data set. The waters were separated into three main clusters according to their levels of TDS, Na+ and HCO3 -; sub-clustering revealed a group of soft waters with the lowest total hardness. Based on the determined chemical parameters, the Serbian waters were further compared with available literature data on bottled waters from some other European countries. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report applying chemometric classification of bottled waters from different European countries, thereby representing a unique attempt in contrast to previous studies reporting the results primarily on a country-to-country scale. The diverse character of Serbian bottled waters was demonstrated as well as the usefulness of PCA and HCA in the fast classification of the water brands based on their main chemical parameters.

Molecular Classification of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Mutants Using Derivative NIR Spectroscopy

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 4042-4050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Wiley ◽  
Greg J. Tanner ◽  
Peter M. Chandler ◽  
Robert S. Anderssen
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Molecular Classification ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

scholarly journals Classification of red wines analysed by middle infrared spectroscopy of dry extract according to their geographical origin

OENO One ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Picque ◽  
T. Cattenoz ◽  
G. Corrieu
Keyword(s):  
Cross Validation ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Red Wines ◽  
Infrared Transmission ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Spectroscopic Analyses ◽  
Discriminant Analyses ◽  
Middle Infrared ◽  
Infrared Data

<p style="text-align: justify;">Mid-infrared transmission spectroscopy and classical analyses have been used to classify 165 wines of the same variety (Gamay), from three geographical origins (Gaillac, Beaujolais and Touraine). For spectroscopic analyses; the wines were dried on polyethylene membrane and infrared spectra were recorded by transmission between 800 cm<sup>-1</sup> and 1800 cm<sup>-1</sup>. Classical analyses included pH, total acidity, total phenol, colour, sugars and major acids. The three groups of wines were classified by applying factorial discriminant analyses with cross validation. 97 p. cent of wines were correctly classified, based on the infrared data, versus 67 p. cent based on the classical analyses.</p>

Ultrastructure and Senescence in an Achloroplastic Mutant of Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Dyan

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 844-845
Author(s):  
R.H.M. Cross ◽  
C.E.J. Botha ◽  
A.K. Cowan ◽  
B.J. Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Lethal Mutant ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Pinocytotic Vesicles

Senescence is an ordered degenerative process leading to death of individual cells, organs and organisms. The detection of a conditional lethal mutant (achloroplastic) of Hordeum vulgare has enabled us to investigate ultrastructural changes occurring in leaf tissue during foliar senescence.Examination of the tonoplast structure in six and 14 day-old mutant tissue revealed a progressive degeneration and disappearance of the membrane, apparently starting by day six in the vicinity of the mitochondria associated with the degenerating proplastid (Fig. 1.) where neither of the plastid membrane leaflets is evident (arrows, Fig. 1.). At this stage there was evidence that the mitochondrial membranes were undergoing retrogressive changes, coupled with disorganization of cristae (Fig. 2.). Proplastids (P) lack definitive prolamellar bodies. The cytoplasmic matrix is largely agranular, with few endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cisternae or polyribosomal aggregates. Interestingly, large numbers of actively-budding dictysomes, associated with pinocytotic vesicles, were observed in close proximity to the plasmalemma of mesophyll cells (Fig. 3.). By day 14 however, mesophyll cells showed almost complete breakdown of subcellular organelle structure (Fig. 4.), and further evidence for the breakdown of the tonoplast. The final stage of senescence is characterized by the solubilization of the cell wall due to expression and activity of polygalacturonase and/or cellulose. The presence of dictyosomes with associated pinocytotic vesicles formed from the mature face, in close proximity to both the plasmalemma and the cell wall, would appear to support the model proposed by Christopherson for the secretion of cellulase. This pathway of synthesis is typical for secretory glycoproteins.

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