Antifungal activity of some new fiavones and fiavone glycosides of Echinops echinatus

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 1901-1903 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. P. Singh ◽  
V. B. Pandey ◽  
K. N. Singh ◽  
R. D. N. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Alternaria Tenuissima ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
First Time

Four phenolic compounds, viz., apigenin, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, echinacin, and echinaticin, were isolated from the whole plant of Echinops echinatus Roxb.; the latter two compounds were isolated for the first time. The two derivatives echinacin permethyl ether and apigenin-5,4′-dimethyl ether were obtained by methylation of echinacin and apigenin-7-O-glucoside permethylate, respectively. All the compounds were assayed against germination of conidia of Alternaria tenuissima (Kunz. ex Pers.) Wiltshire, which incites leaf blight disease in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.). All showed high efficacy against the pathogen at concentrations ranging from 25 to 150 μg mL−1. Echinacin, which was highly effective at 150 μg mL−1, is considered the most promising of these compounds and its use as a control measure against Alternaria blight of pigeon pea under field conditions has been suggested.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Cymbopogon citratus, Cajanus cajan and Plectranthus amboinicus Leaves Collected in Guyana, South America

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Denis Maldonado ◽  
Gomathinayagam Subramanian ◽  
Rajini Kurup ◽  
Abdullah Adil Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
South America ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
South American Population ◽  
Plectranthus Amboinicus

Aims: Medicinal plants have been a fundamental part of the human health since existence. Guyana is surrounded high in the green shoulder of northern South America and shares Amazon River and Amazon Forest. South American population use plant extracts obtained from traditional medicinal plants as treatment for many infectious diseases. The study aimed to estimate antifungal property and chemical composition of the three medicinal plants Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass), Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea) and Plectranthus amboinicus (thick leaf thyme) leaves collected from the coastal areas of Guyana. Study Design:  Experiment based study. Place and Duration of Study: Plants were gathered along the East Coast of Guyana and identified at the Biodiversity Center, University of Guyana, Georgetown, Guyana between January 2017- May 2017. Methodology: Phytochemical extraction was conducted using the soxhlet and rotovap apparatus and an aqueous extraction method. Data analysis of the study was done using R-Studio Program for statistical computing and graphics. A Tukey test was done along with ANOVA and Boxplots. Results: Qualitative analysis of phytochemicals was carried out and the presence of terpenoids, steroids, glycoside, alkaloid, tannins and saponins were positive in some plants. Antifungal activity was tested using the poisoned food and well diffusion techniques. Conclusion: In conclusion, C. cajan showed significant zones of inhibition using a well diffusion technique whereas hexane extract showed significant inhibition with poisoned food technique.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity and DNA Topoisomerase Inhibition of Hydrolisable Tannins from Punica granatum L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4175
Author(s):  
Virginia Brighenti ◽  
Ramona Iseppi ◽  
Luca Pinzi ◽  
Annamaria Mincuzzi ◽  
Antonio Ippolito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
First Time ◽  
Punica Granatum L

Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) fruit is known to be an important source of bioactive phenolic compounds belonging to hydrolysable tannins. Pomegranate extracts have shown antifungal activity, but the compounds responsible for this activity and their mechanism/s of action have not been completely elucidated up to now. The aim of the present study was the investigation of the inhibition ability of a selection of pomegranate phenolic compounds (i.e., punicalagin, punicalin, ellagic acid, gallic acid) on both plant and human fungal pathogens. In addition, the biological target of punicalagin was identified here for the first time. The antifungal activity of pomegranate phenolics was evaluated by means of Agar Disk Diffusion Assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) evaluation. A chemoinformatic analysis predicted for the first time topoisomerases I and II as potential biological targets of punicalagin, and this prediction was confirmed by in vitro inhibition assays. Concerning phytopathogens, all the tested compounds were effective, often similarly to the fungicide imazalil at the label dose. Particularly, punicalagin showed the lowest MIC for Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea, whereas punicalin was the most active compound in terms of growth control extent. As for human pathogens, punicalagin was the most active compound among the tested ones against Candida albicans reference strains, as well as against the clinically isolates. UHPLC coupled with HRMS indicated that C. albicans, similarly to the phytopathogen Coniella granati, is able to hydrolyze both punicalagin and punicalin as a response to the fungal attack. Punicalagin showed a strong inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 9.0 and 4.6 µM against C. albicans topoisomerases I and II, respectively. Altogether, the results provide evidence that punicalagin is a valuable candidate to be further exploited as an antifungal agent in particular against human fungal infections.

Agronomic characteristics and nutritive value of pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] harvested at different stages of maturity.

1969 ◽  
Vol 95 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 193-210
Author(s):  
Víctor M. Figueroa ◽  
Abner A. Rodríguez ◽  
Paul F. Randel
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Plant Maturity ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Tropical Grass

This study was divided into three parts. The first evaluated the effects of five stages of plant maturity (60, 75, 90,120 and 180 d) on the agronomic characteristics, chemical composition and in vitro degradability (IVDMD) of pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] 'Kaki' and its anatomical fractions, leaves and stems. In the second part, the selective consumption of this legume was studied. In the third part, the effects of the inclusion of pigeon pea in diets based on tropical grass hay for goats on voluntary intake, and digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were determined. Plant height increased and leaf :stem ratio decreased, as the plants grew. In the whole plant, DM and NDF content increased (P < 0.05) by 13.9 and 19.2 percentage units, but CP content numerically decreased by 4.8 units as plant maturity progressed from 60 to 120 d. At the five successive stages evaluated, CP content in the leaves exceeded that of the stems, whereas NDF content showed the opposite trend. The IVDMD values were 69.6% in the whole plant, 73.9% in the leaves, and 50.4% in the stems. Whole plant IVDMD decreased (P < 0.05), with advancing plant maturity, from 71.2% at 60 d to 55.8% at 180 d. In the selective consumption trial, intake of fresh pigeon pea was compared with that of fresh native tropical grass (NTG) or NTG hay. A high selection of pigeon pea was observed for the first 10 minutes, but during the following 20 minutes this selection decreased. In the voluntary intake and digestibility trial that utilized six goats (26.4 kg live weight) to evaluate the inclusion of 25% of pigeon pea in a NTG-based diet, CP intake was markedly higher (P < 0.05) with legume supplementation. Dietary inclusion of the legume also tended to improve the digestibility of DM and CP but not at the P < 0.05 level of significance (56.7% vs. 51.4% and 58.7 vs. 51.2%); however, it did not affect NDF digestibility. As the pigeon pea plant increased in height, changes occurred in leafistem proportions and chemical composition. The IVDMD results suggest that the interval from 75 to 120 d of growth is favorable for possible utilization of pigeon pea as fresh forage in diets for small ruminants.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds from Leaves and Twigs of Guayule Grown in a Mediterranean Environment

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Piluzza ◽  
Giuseppe Campesi ◽  
Maria Giovanna Molinu ◽  
Giovanni Antonio Re ◽  
Leonardo Sulas
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Mediterranean Environment ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
First Time

Guayule (Parthenium argentatum) is one of the most promising alternatives to produce natural rubber. As the guayule leaves represent a waste byproduct in the rubber extraction process, their exploitation might contribute to the valorization of the whole plant biomass. The specific aim of our study was to determine the antioxidant capacity and the content of phenolic compounds in leaves and twigs of different guayule lines cultivated in a Mediterranean environment. The antioxidant capacity and the contents of phenolic were affected significantly by guayule accession and harvest time. Overall means in twigs represented about 60% of the corresponding leaf values for antioxidant capacity as DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and not tannic phenolic and about 55% as ABTS (2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt), total phenolic, tannic phenolic and total flavonoid contents. Five individual phenolic compounds were identified in methanolic extracts of leaves. Neochlorogenic acid (62.5–174.8 mg g−1 DW) and chlorogenic acid (28.6–41.1 mg g−1 DW) were the most abundant phenolic acids. In addition to the compounds quantified in leaves, cynarin was identified only in twigs and for the first time in guayule biomass. Our results indicate that guayule leaves and twigs represent a rich source of antioxidants for potential applications in fodder, nutraceutical and pharmacological sectors.

New antifungal prenylated flavanones from Colutea armata

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Inamullah ◽  
Itrat Fatima ◽  
Sadia Khan ◽  
Mehdi Hassan Kazmi ◽  
Abdul Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Pseudallescheria Boydii ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Colutea Armata ◽  
First Time ◽  
C Nmr

AbstractColucons A (1) and B (2), new prenylated flavanones, isolated from the EtOAc-soluble sub-fraction of the whole plant of Colutea armata Hemsl. & Lace along with four known compounds, namely, kenusanone J (3), hesperetin (4), tyrosol (5) and syringaldehyde (6), were reported for the first time from the species armata. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques including 1H and 13C NMR (distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer), and 2D NMR experiments. Compounds 1–3 showed significant antifungal activity against Pseudallescheria boydii, Aspergillus niger, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Macrophomina phaseolina and Candida glabrata, while compound 4 showed moderate antifungal activity.

Chemical Constituents and Antibacterial Activity of Cissus Aralioides.

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balogun Olaoye Solomon ◽  
Ajayi Olukayode Solomon ◽  
Owolabi Temitayo Abidemi ◽  
Oladimeji Abdulkarbir Oladele ◽  
Liu Zhiqiang
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Chromatographic Purification ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
First Time

: Cissus aralioides is a medicinal plant used in sub-Saharan Africa for treatment of infectious diseases; however the chemical constituents of the plant have not been investigated. Thus, in this study, attempt was made at identifying predominant phytochemical constituents of the plant through chromatographic purification and silylation of the plant extract, and subsequent characterization using spectroscopic and GC-MS techniques. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) for the antibacterial activities of the plant extract, chromatographic fractions and isolated compounds were also examined. Chromatographic purification of the ethyl acetate fraction from the whole plant afforded three compounds: β-sitosterol (1), stigmasterol (2) and friedelin (3). The phytosterols (1 and 2) were obtained together as a mixture. The GC-MS analysis of silylated extract indicated alcohols, fatty acids and sugars as predominant classes, with composition of 24.62, 36.90 and 26.52% respectively. Results of MICs indicated that friedelin and other chromatographic fractions had values (0.0626-1.0 mg/mL) comparable with the standard antibiotics used. Characterization of natural products from C. aralioides is being reported for the first time in this study.

scholarly journals Extraction of Phenolic Compounds and Terpenes from Cannabis sativa L. By-Products: From Conventional to Intensified Processes

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 942
Author(s):  
Emilie Isidore ◽  
Hamza Karim ◽  
Irina Ioannou
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Conventional Solvent Extraction ◽  
By Products

Cannabis sativa L. is a controversial crop due to its high tetrahydrocannabinol content varieties; however, the hemp varieties get an increased interest. This paper describes (i) the main categories of phenolic compounds (flavonoids, stilbenoids and lignans) and terpenes (monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes) from C. sativa by-products and their biological activities and (ii) the main extraction techniques for their recovery. It includes not only common techniques such as conventional solvent extraction, and hydrodistillation, but also intensification and emerging techniques such as ultrasound-assisted extraction or supercritical CO2 extraction. The effect of the operating conditions on the yield and composition of these categories of phenolic compounds and terpenes was discussed. A thorough investigation of innovative extraction techniques is indeed crucial for the extraction of phenolic compounds and terpenes from cannabis toward a sustainable industrial valorization of the whole plant.

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