Metabolizable energy values of corn and wheat middlings in broiler chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 905-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Dunaway ◽  
Sunday A. Adedokun
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Difference Method ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
The Other ◽  
N Utilization ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Wheat Middlings ◽  
The Difference

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate adaptation length (AL) and composition of reference diets on nitrogen (N)-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) in 22-d-old broilers. Birds were allocated to nine treatments (n = 6) consisting of wheat – soybean meal (SBM) (reference diet), corn–wheat–SBM, and wheat middlings (WM)–wheat–SBM (exp. 1), or oats–SBM (reference diet), corn–oats–SBM, and WM–oats–SBM (exp. 2) in conjunction with three AL (12, 8, and 4 d) in a factorial arrangement of treatments (3 × 3). Dry matter (DM), N, energy (En) utilization, and AMEn of corn and WM were determined using the difference method. In exp. 1, birds on the WM–wheat–SBM-based diet had the lowest (P < 0.05) DM, N, and En utilization, as well as AMEn compared with the other two diets. Additionally, AMEn for corn was higher (P < 0.05) compared with that of WM. In exp. 2, N utilization in birds on the corn–oats–SBM-based diet was lower (P < 0.05) compared with birds on the oats–SBM-based diet; however, AMEn of corn and WM was not different. In both experiments, AL was not significantly different. Based on these results, the composition of the reference diet could influence AMEn values of corn and WM in 22-d-old broilers.

Replacement of soybean meal with roasted full-fat soybeans from high-protein or conventional cultivars in diets for broiler chickens

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. G. Hamilton ◽  
M. A. McNiven
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy

The effects were examined of replacing part or all of the soybean meal in the starter and finisher diets for male broiler chickens with ground, roasted, full-fat soybeans from either a high-protein (AC Proteus) or conventional (Baron) cultivar. The starter (1–21 d) and finisher (22–36 d) diets were formulated by replacing, on an isonitrogenous basis, part or all of the soybean meal in the barley–wheat-based control diets with the roasted soybeans. Digestibility of dry matter, corrected nitrogen and energy were estimated by an index method for the last 2 d of the starter and grower periods. Soybean level influenced body weight gains directly in a quadratic manner, and feed intakes or feed conversions by inversely linear relationships (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01) during the starter period. Performance during the finisher period or during the entire growth period was not influenced (P > 0.05) by dietary soybean source. Dry matter and energy digestibilities at both 21 and 35 d, and nitrogen at 35 d were affected in a quadratic manner (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) by the soybean level of the diets, whereas, a linear relationship was present for the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) content (P < 0.001). Soybean source had no effect on nutrient utilization, except for dry matter or energy digestibility during the starter period (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the optimal performance should be obtained when the ratio of roasted full-fat soybeans to soybean meal is about 2:1 in the starter feeds for broiler chickens. Key words: Full-fat soybeans, soybean meal, high-protein soybeans, broiler, growth, nutrient digestibilities

scholarly journals Metabolizable Energy of Soybean Meal and Canola Meal as Influenced by the Reference Diet Used and Assay Method

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2132
Author(s):  
Shravani Veluri ◽  
Oluyinka Abiona Olukosi
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Regression Method ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Test Protein ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Diet Type

A 21-day experiment was conducted to study the effect of reference diet type and assay method on apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and nitrogen-corrected (AMEn) of soybean meal (SBM) and canola meal (CM). Broilers (n = 240) were allocated to 10 treatments with eight replicates/treatment and three birds/replicate. Treatments included corn-SBM or corn-CM reference diets (RD). To each RD, 300 or 450 g/kg of SBM or CM were added to make a total of eight test diets. For the difference method, AME of SBM and CM substituted at 300 g/kg in corn-CM RD gave greater AME values compared to inclusion in the corn-SBM RD. The AMEn of SBM increased with increase in inclusion level in the corn-CM RD but AMEn of CM decreased with increased inclusion level of CM in the corn-SBM RD. For the regression method, AME and AMEn of the test feedstuffs were greater with corn-CM RD compared with corn-SBM RD. The AME of SBM was not affected by assay method, whereas AME of CM was lower when determined using the regression method. In conclusion, both the reference diet type and assay method influenced assayed AME and AMEn value of test protein feedstuffs and should be considered in cross-studies comparisons.

Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids and apparent metabolizable energy in corn and soybean meal for organic broiler chicken production in Ontario

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haley Leung ◽  
Elijah G. Kiarie
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Wheat Starch ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Broiler Feed

Standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) and apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (AMEn) in samples of organic corn and soybean meal (SBM) were determined. Conventional corn (CC) and SBM (CSBM) samples were tested for comparison. A total of 560, fourteen-day-old male broiler chickens (Cobb 500) were weighed, placed in cages (10 birds per cage), and allocated to seven (n = 8) semi-purified wheat-starch-based diets. Diets were (1) CC, (2) imported organic corn, (3) local organic corn, (4) CSBM, (5) imported organic SBM (OSBMI), (6) local organic SBM (OSBML), and (7) nitrogen-free wheat starch. Only few differences were observed on SID of AA; SID of lysine was lower (P = 0.002) in organic corn samples relative to CC, and SID of methionine was lower (P = 0.002) in OSBML sample relative to CSBM and OSBMI samples. The AMEn of CC was higher (P < 0.01) than that of organic corn samples. The AMEn of OSBML was higher (P < 0.001) than for CSBM and OSBMI; however, the value for OSBMI was higher (P < 0.001) than for CSBM. In conclusion, utilization of AA in conventional and organic feedstuffs was comparable; however, differences in energy utilization warrant considerations in organic broiler feed formulation.

scholarly journals Effects of feed particle size on energy values for broiler chickens at various ages

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Frank ◽  
P.C. Pozza ◽  
C. Scherer ◽  
R.A. Schöne ◽  
A.S. Avila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Coarse Particles ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of various geometric mean diameters (GMDs) of particles of corn, pelleted soybean meal and a corn-soy mixture in the proportion of 70% and 30%, respectively, on the nutritional value of the feeds. The study evaluated energy consumption, the contents of apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and AME corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn) and the metabolizability coefficients for broiler chickens at various ages. A total of 540 Cobb 500 male broilers were housed in metabolic cages (experimental units). Trials were performed separately with each feed. A completely randomized design was used with four treatments, namely corn with 573, 636, 851, and 1012 μm GMDs; pelleted soybean meal with 538, 550, 665, and 741 μm GMDs; and the corn-soy mixture with 627, 658, 893, and 1040 μm GMDs. Birds were evaluated on days 1 - 10, 11 - 20, 21 - 30, and 31 - 40. Larger GMDs resulted in lower energy consumption. From 1 to 10 days, birds consumed less metabolizable energy than older birds. Birds fed corn from days 1 to 10 had higher metabolizable energy (P <0.05) with increasing GMD up to 1042 μm. However, the results varied, depending on the feed and its combinations. The use of coarse particles could reduce the costs of grinding, and would have few effects on the metabolizable energy of broiler chickens.

SOME FACTORS AFFECTING THE TRUE METABOLIZABLE ENERGY VALUES OF SOYBEAN MEAL AND RAPESEED MEALS

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. JABBAR MUZTAR ◽  
S. J. SLINGER
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pellet Form ◽  
Input Level

The effects of the age of bird and level of feed input on the true metabolizable energy (TME) values of soybean meal and rapeseed meals (RSM), Tower and Candle, were investigated using adult Single Combed White Leghorn (SCWL) cockerels. Feed was administered to each bird in pellet form. In the 10-mo-old birds the input level was 28 g while levels of 15, 30, 45 and 60 g were employed with the 2-yr-old birds. The effect of rapeseed and soybean gums on the TME and apparent metabolizable energy (AME) values of their meals as well as the effect of processing method on the TME of RSM were also determined. The TME values obtained with 10-mo-old birds were not significantly different from those determined with the same birds at the age of 2 yr. No regurgitation of feed was encountered at any of the four feed input levels. Although there were some differences in the TME values at the different feed input levels of the feedingstuffs being tested, the value was significantly (P < 0.05) affected only in the case of Candle RSM. The TME values of both Tower and Candle RSM were particularly high at the 60-g input level, most likely due to incomplete excreta output. Soybean and rapeseed gums did not affect the TME and AME values of the meals, possibly due to the low level added (1.5%). Solvent-extracted Tower RSM was significantly higher in TME than pre-press solvent Tower meal; this difference may have been due in part to the difference in lipid content of the two meals.

scholarly journals Apparent metabolizable energy of cereal grains for broiler chickens is influenced by age

2021 ◽  
pp. 101288
Author(s):  
M.M. Khalil ◽  
M.R. Abdollahi ◽  
F. Zaefarian ◽  
P.V. Chrystal ◽  
V. Ravindran
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy

Feeding value of three categories of pea (Pisum sativum, L.) for poultry

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Grosjean ◽  
B. Barrier-Guillot ◽  
D. Bastianelli ◽  
F. Rudeaux ◽  
A. Bourdillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Starch Digestibility ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractThe nutritional value of different categories of peas was measured in mash or pelleted diets using adult cockerels. Twenty-five round and white-flowered peas (feed peas), 12 round and coloured-flowered peas and five wrinkled and white-flowered peas were used in mash diets. From the same batches, 11 feed peas, five coloured peas and four wrinkled peas were tested in pelleted diets.Mean apparent metabolizable energy (AME) values were 12·02, 11·35 and 10·50 MJ/kg dry matter (DM) for feed peas, coloured peas and wrinkled peas respectively in mash diets and 13·18, 12·72 and 11·63 MJ/kg DM for the same categories in pelleted diets.Mean starch digestibility was 0·905, 0·887 and 0·802 for feed peas, coloured peas and wrinkled peas respectively in mash diets and 0·985, 0·984 and 0·840 for these categories in pelleted diets.Mean protein digestibility was 0·788, 0·643 and 0·798 for feed peas, coloured peas and wrinkled peas respectively in mash diets and corresponding values for peas in pelleted diets were 0·855, 0·743 and 0·853.Pelleting thus had a positive effect on the nutritional value of peas and this improvement was all the more important because the AME and protein digestibility of the pea in mash diets was low.The nutritional value of feed peas for cockerels was not strongly correlated with chemical composition or to digestibility data obtained in the pig.

TRUE AND APPARENT METABOLIZABLE ENERGY VALUES FOR POULTRY OF CANADIAN WHEATS AND OATS MEASURED BY BIOASSAY AND PREDICTED FROM PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. R. SIBBALD ◽  
K. PRICE
Keyword(s):  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Chemical Data ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Variation Explained ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Naked Oats ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Better Than

Thirty samples of wheat and 28 samples of oats were assayed for true and apparent metabolizable energy (TME, AME). Within grains, the difference TME−AME increased with decreasing AME values; there is evidence that this trend is associated with reduced voluntary consumption of AME assay diets containing low energy grains. The TME and AME data were compared with ME values predicted from physical and chemical data describing the grains. Previously published prediction equations were tested and new equations were derived. Comparisons between predicted and observed data suggested that both the TME and AME values of wheat were predicted with insufficient accuracy and precision for practical use. Similar comparisons using the oat data showed high correlations between observed and predicted values, although the predictions were no more accurate than for wheat; however, when data describing four samples of naked oats were removed, the correlations were reduced substantially. Comparisons involving data for the hulled oats indicated that most equations were able to predict AME better than TME. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify those combinations of variables best able to predict TME data. No combination of variables was best for both wheat and oats. The combinations of variables used in published equations performed quite well. With four variables, the percentage of the TME variation explained was as high as 52 for wheat, 82 for oats and 64 for hulled oats. Predictions based on air-dry data are associated with higher correlations than those based on dry matter data, but the air-dry predictions are the less useful in practice. The reason for this is discussed.

scholarly journals Short communication: Pelleting increases the metabolizable energy of de-hulled sunflower seed meal for broilers

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-295
Author(s):  
N. Karkelanov ◽  
S. Chobanova ◽  
I.M. Whiting ◽  
K. Dimitrova ◽  
S.P. Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Broiler Feed

The study examined the effects of two methods of processing de-hulled sunflower seed meal (SFM) from the same batch of sunflower seeds. Sunflower seed meal was fed to broilers as meal (MSFM) or after it had been pelleted (PSFM) at 75 °C and 360 kPa pressure to pass through a 3 mm mesh. Three diets were prepared, namely a balancer feed (BF) and two diets containing 200 g/kg MSFM or 200 g/kg PSFM. They were fed to 30 pens (two birds each) with male Ross 308 broilers, from 8 to 21 days old, following randomization. Data were analysed by ANOVA. Two pre-planned orthogonal contrast tests were performed to compare overall differences between the diets containing SFM and BF and between diets containing the MSFM and PSFM. The BF had a very different nutrient composition from the complete feeds containing SFM so, as expected, there were differences in growth performance and nutrient retention. The diet containing PSFM had greater apparent metabolizable energy corrected for N retention (AMEn) and dry matter retention (DMR) than that containing MSFM. The use of the substitution method showed the PSFM had AMEn that was 18% greater than the MSFM (8.79 vs 7.47 MJ/kg DM). Under the conditions of the current study, incorporating PSFM in a mash broiler feed increased dietary AMEn compared with the same feed containing MSFM. Further studies are needed to identify whether the benefits of pre-pelleting SFM remain after this product has been incorporated in complete pelleted broiler feeds.

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