scholarly journals Staminal wing and a novel secretory structure of asclepiads

Botany ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 763-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Demarco
Keyword(s):  
Flower Development ◽  
Striking Feature ◽  
Guide Rail ◽  
Secretory Structures ◽  
Floral Ontogeny ◽  
Floral Buds ◽  
Wide Range

Asclepiads (Asclepiadoideae, Apocynaceae) have morphologically complex flowers with a wide range of secretory structures related to their defense and pollination. A striking feature of the flowers is the presence of a guide rail formed by staminal wings, which is related to the guidance of the pollinator to the pollinarium translator and the retention of the pollinium. Previous analyses of floral ontogeny in asclepiads detected the presence of a possible gland on the staminal wing during flower development. The goal of the present study was to verify the occurrence of a secretory structure on the staminal wing and its possible function through ontogenetic and histochemical analyses of the presumed gland. Staminal wings are formed early in developing flowers, and a gland is originated in the outer and inner margins of the guide rail in all species. This gland releases a secretion composed of mucilage and lipids, which likely assists in the introduction of the pollinator appendage into the narrow guide rail by lubricating the staminal wings. The gland degenerates before anthesis, increasing the space within the guide rail and enabling the introduction of the pollinarium. This new secretory structure may be present in floral buds of all asclepiads.

The effect of background rotation on fluid motions: a report on Euromech 245

1990 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 417-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Hopfinger ◽  
P. F. Linden
Keyword(s):  
Coherent Structures ◽  
Stratified Flows ◽  
Striking Feature ◽  
Nonlinear Phenomena ◽  
Linear Wave ◽  
Rotating Fluids ◽  
Nonlinear Processes ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Coherent Vortices

The 245th Euromech Colloquium, on the effect of background rotation on fluid motions, was held in Cambridge from 10–13 April 1989 with the two authors acting as chairmen. There were sixty-five participants with widely different backgrounds. The striking feature of the Colloquium was the recent advances on nonlinear processes. A wide range of nonlinear phenomena was presented and particular emphasis was on the formation and dynamics of coherent vortices. The similarities between the processes in rotating, curved and stratified flows, which lead to anisotropic motions and long-lived coherent structures alongside linear wave motions was a feature of many of the presentations. Fifty-one papers were presented, covering engineering, geophysical and astrophysical applications of rotating fluids. These papers are summarized in this report with the purpose of giving an up-to-date view of current research in rotating fluids.

scholarly journals Transcriptome landscape of Rafflesia cantleyi floral buds reveals insights into the roles of transcription factors and phytohormones in flower development

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. e0226338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safoora Amini ◽  
Khadijah Rosli ◽  
Mohd-Faizal Abu-Bakar ◽  
Halimah Alias ◽  
Mohd-Noor Mat-Isa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Flower Development ◽  
Floral Buds

Floral ontogeny of Brunonia australis (Goodeniaceae) and Calandrinia sp. (Portulacaceae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn L. Cave ◽  
Colin J. Birch ◽  
Graeme L. Hammer ◽  
John E. Erwin ◽  
Margaret E. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Flower Development ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Ambient Light ◽  
Floral Ontogeny ◽  
Vernalisation Requirement ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Temperature Responses ◽  
Scanning Electron

Floral ontogeny of Brunonia australis Sm. ex R.Br. (blue pincushion) and Calandrinia sp. (not yet fully classified) was investigated by scanning electron microscopy to assist further efforts for manipulating flowering of these potential floriculture crops. This is the first work to study floral initiation and the stages of flower development for these species. Floral initiation of B. australis commenced 28 days after seed germination when grown at 25/10 or 35/20°C (day/night) under long days (11 h of ambient light at 553 ± 45 µmol m–2 s–1, plus a 5-h night break at <4.5 µmol m–2 s–1). Leaf number at floral initiation reflected differences in the accumulated thermal time between treatments so that about double the number of leaves formed at 35/20°C. This suggested differing temperature responses for leaf and phenological development, and that leaf number was not a good indicator of floral initiation. For Calandrinia sp., floral initiation commenced 47 days after seed germination when grown at 25/10°C. Hot temperatures (35/20°C) inhibited flowering; indicating a vernalisation requirement. For B. australis, the pattern of floret development was centripetal, with flowers organised into five whorls. Four bracts surrounded each flower, whereas the sepals, petals and stamens showed a pentamerous arrangement. A central style was terminated by an indusial stigmatic presenter. Flowers of Calandrinia sp. consisted of four whorls, namely two sepals, 8–10 petals, numerous stamens produced centrifugally and a central syncarpous gynoecium with four stigmatic branches.

scholarly journals Beyond pollination: diversity of secretory structures during flower development in different legume lineages

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Cury De Barros ◽  
Cristina Ribeiro Marinho ◽  
Giseli Donizete Pedersoli ◽  
Juliana Vilella Paulino ◽  
Simone Pádua Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Flower Development ◽  
Secretory Structures

Amine functionalization of N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine applicable to electrosynthesis a wide range of p-phenylenediamines in green conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Varmaghani ◽  
Maryam Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Striking Feature ◽  
Amine Functionalization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Green Conditions

The voltammogram features of TMPD2+/TMPD, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD), reflect intensive instability of TMPD2+ in aqueous solutions. The instability of TMPD2+ strongly restricts applications of TMPD2+ in electrochemical syntheses. The striking feature...

Review of periodical articles

Urban History ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTIAN D. LIDDY ◽  
PAUL ELLIOTT ◽  
LOUISE MISKELL
Keyword(s):  
Business History ◽  
Striking Feature ◽  
Urban Network ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of

The most striking feature of this year's publications is the large number of articles about the economic, financial and business history of medieval towns. ‘What was the Hanse?’ (Was war die Hanse?) sounds like the sort of question that might be asked in an undergraduate examination, designed to elicit a wide range of responses, from the purely descriptive to the more analytical. The question has, in fact, generated a substantial, if rather problematic, historiography, as two studies of the Hanse make clear. The tendency to define the Hanse as a ‘state’ or to see it as endowed with ‘state-like’ qualities does not do justice to the complexity of a more loosely framed and highly adaptable commercial and urban network.

Pigmentation in iris hybrids: the nature and development of flavonoid pigments and their effect on flower color in cultivated hybrids of Iris germanica

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 1965-1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Ashtakala ◽  
D. F. Forward
Keyword(s):  
Flower Development ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Pigment Concentration ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Iris Germanica

The development of flavonoid pigments has been investigated in six cultivars of Iris germanica L. with a wide range of flower color but containing essentially the same pigments. Content and localization of anthocyanin and anthoxanthin pigments were observed throughout bud and flower development. All varieties, both cyanic and acyanic, showed a common pattern of initial development in early stages, with leucoanthocyanins preceding anthoxanthins, and anthocyanin appearing later. Pigment concentration reached a maximum in half-grown buds, and quantitative differences among varieties were established. Varieties with high anthocyanin content also had high anthoxanthin content. Relative concentrations of pigments rather than different chemical species appear to be a major factor in determining flower color.

scholarly journals Diverse roles of MAX1 homologues in rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Marzec ◽  
Apriadi Situmorang ◽  
Philip B. Brewer ◽  
Agnieszka Brąszewska-Zalewska
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Flower Development ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Enzymes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wax Synthesis

AbstractCytochrome P450 enzymes encoded by MORE AXILLARY GROWTH1 (MAX1)-like genes produce most of the structural diversity of strigolactones during the final steps of strigolactone biosynthesis. The diverse copies of MAX1 in Oryza sativa provide a resource to investigate why plants produce such a wide range of strigolactones. Here we performed in silico analyses of transcription factors and microRNAs that may regulate each rice MAX1, and compared the results with available data about MAX1 expression profiles and genes co-expressed with MAX1 genes. Data suggest that distinct mechanisms regulate the expression of each MAX1. Moreover, there may be novel functions for MAX1 homologues, such as the regulation of flower development or responses to heavy metals. In addition, individual MAX1s could be involved in specific functions, such as the regulation of seed development or wax synthesis in rice. Our analysis reveals potential new avenues of strigolactone research that may otherwise not be obvious.

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