Analysis of rectangular hollow section trusses

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Tousignant ◽  
Jeffrey A. Packer
Keyword(s):  
Axial Force ◽  
Frame Analysis ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Hollow Section ◽  
Simply Supported ◽  
Axial Forces ◽  
Detailed Method ◽  
Elastic Loading ◽  
Analysis Models

A database of 26 previous full-scale experiments on rectangular hollow section (RHS) trusses is supplemented by nine tests on a 10-metre-span, simply supported, RHS Warren truss, reported herein. Measured axial forces, bending moments and truss deflections are compared to four 2D, elastic, frame-analysis models consisting of: (i) all joints pinned and concentric; (ii) all joints rigid and concentric; (iii) pin-ended webs connected eccentrically to continuous chords; and (iv) rigid-ended webs connected eccentrically to continuous chords. On average, all four models predict sufficiently accurate axial force distributions and deflections under elastic loading. However, all four models under-predict bending moment magnitudes. Implications for RHS truss analysis according to the “detailed method” of CSA S16-14 are discussed, and recommendations for modelling are made.

Analytical Computational Models for Relationship between Ultimate Bending Moment of Concrete Segments and Axial Force

2020 ◽  
Vol 853 ◽  
pp. 177-181
Author(s):  
Zhi Yun Wang ◽  
Shou Ju Li
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Computational Model ◽  
Axial Force ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Plane Deformation ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Axial Forces ◽  
Practical Engineering

Concrete segments are widely used to support soil and water loadings in shield-excavated tunnels. Concrete segments burden simultaneously to the loadings of bending moments and axial forces. Based on plane deformation assumption of material mechanics, in which plane section before bending remains plane after bending, ultimate bending moment model is proposed to compute ultimate bearing capacity of concrete segments. Ultimate bending moments of concrete segments computed by analytical models agree well with numerical simulation results by FEM. The accuracy of proposed analytical computational model for ultimate bending moment of concrete segments is numerically verified. The analytical computational model and numerical simulation for a practical engineering case indicate that the ultimate bending moment of concrete segments increases with increase of axial force on concrete segment in the case of large eccentricity compressive state.

scholarly journals Numerical analysis of symmetrical and asymmetrical reinforced concrete flat slabs - an integrated slab/ column analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-356
Author(s):  
A. Puel ◽  
D. D. Loriggio
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Axial Force ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Flat Slabs ◽  
Distributed Load ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Local Support ◽  
Internal Forces

ABSTRACT This paper studies the modeling of symmetric and asymmetric flat slabs, presenting alternatives to the problem of singularity encountered when the slab is modeled considering columns as local support. A model that includes the integrated slab x column analysis was proposed, distributing the column reactions under the slab. The procedure used transforms the bending moment and column axial force in a distributed load, which will be applied to the slab in the opposite direction of gravitational loads. Thus, the bending moment diagram gets smooth in the punching region with a considerable reduction of values, being very little sensible to the variation of used mesh. About the column, it was not seen any significant difference in the axial force, although the same haven't occurred with the bending moments results. The final part of the work uses geoprocessing programs for a three-dimensional view of bending moments, allowing a new comprehension the behavior of these internal forces in the entire slab.

scholarly journals Initial rotational stiffness of tubular joints with axial force in chord

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-312
Author(s):  
Marsel Garifullin ◽  
Sami Pajunen ◽  
Kristo Mela ◽  
Markku Heinisuo
Keyword(s):  
Axial Force ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Frame Analysis ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Axial Loads ◽  
Rotational Stiffness ◽  
Initial Stiffness ◽  
T Joints ◽  
Hollow Section

In the frame analysis, the local model of the joint must follow the behavior of the joint. When completing the elastic global analysis, the initial rotational stiffness of joints should be known to obtain reliable moment distributions in frames. This paper consists of two parts. The first one evaluates the existing calculation approach for the initial rotational stiffness of welded rectangular hollow section T joints. The validation with the experimental data shows that the current approach significantly underestimates the initial rotational stiffness. An improvement for determining the initial stiffness of T joints is proposed. The second part deals with the influence of the axial force in the main member on the rotational stiffness of the joint. The conducted numerical study shows the extreme reduction of the initial stiffness, when the main member is loaded by axial loads. To consider this effect in the frame analysis, the paper proposes a chord stress function for the initial rotational stiffness for square hollow section T joints, using the curve fitting technique.

scholarly journals Perencanaan Perencanaan Sruktur Jembatan Lengkung Pada Sungai Sombe-Lewara

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
Atur P. N. Siregar ◽  
Anwar Dolu ◽  
M Z H Ragalutu
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Long Span Bridges ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
Final Project ◽  
Long Span ◽  
Axial Forces ◽  
Bridge Type ◽  
Reinforcement Design

Kecamatan Kinovaro secara geografis memiliki banyak sungai yang panjang dan lebar yang menjadi kendala dalam proses pemenuhan kebutuhan masyarakat dan perkembangan daerah tersebut. Maka perlu adanya fasilitas penunjang, salah satunya adalah jembatan. Jembatan merupakan konstruksi vital maka  harus didesain sedemikian rupa agar mampu menerima beban dengan baik. Jembatan tipe portal lengkung dapat menjadi alternatif untuk jembatan bentang panjang, karena selain bentuknya yang memiliki nilai estetika, jembatan dengan tipe pelengkung juga dapat mereduksi momen lentur sehingga penampang yang diperoleh menjadi lebih efisien. Abstract Kinovaro is a subdistrict where has many long and wide rivers and being obstacles in the process of fulfilling community needs and the development of the area. So that it needs to have a facilitis, one of that is a bridge. Bridges is important constructions so it needs to be designed carepully in order to have a proper calculation. Curved bridge type can be an alternative for long span bridges, because it has a nice aesthetic value, can also reduce bending moments so that it can provide an optimum cross section. The purpose of this Final Project is to obtain bending moments and curved axial forces, dimensions and reinforcement. The method used for structural analysis is the finite element method through the SAP2000 program, while for reinforcement design using the strength method based on SNI 2847-2013. The results of structural analysis, the are critical bending moment is 21869.332 kN.m and the critical axial force is 15944.307 kN, both of which are in the arching position. From the design results is found out that the girder dimensions of 60 x 80 cm. Thickness of the top arch is 60 cm and nearby support is 140 cm. While the column thickness at the top of the arch is 40 cm and nearby support is 80 cm. From the results of reinforcement design, the girder reinforcement of 16D25 mm was obtained on the support, and of 10D25 mm was at the middle length of the beam. Reinforcement of columns was obtained of D25-100 mm nearby support area and D25-200 mm at the top area. Whereas for the arches obtained of D25-80 mm for the supporting area and D25-100 mm at the top of the arch area. Tujuan dari penulisan Tugas Akhir ini adalah untuk mendapatkan momen lentur dan gaya aksial pelengkung, dimensi dan tulangan struktur yang efisien. Metode yang digunakan untuk analisa struktur adalah metode elemen hingga menggunakan program SAP2000, sedangkan untuk perencanaan tulangan menggunakan metode kekuatan berdasarkan SNI 2847-2013. Dari hasil analisa struktur diperoleh momen lentur pelengkung terbesar adalah 21869,332 kN.m dan gaya aksial terbesar adalah 15944,307 kN, keduanya berada pada perletakan pelengkung. Dari hasil perencanaan diperoleh dimensi gelagar 60 x 80 cm, tebal pada puncak pelengkung adalah 60 cm dan pada perletakan adalah 140 cm, sedangkan untuk tebal kolom pada puncak pelengkung adalah 40 cm dan pada perletakan adalah 80 cm. Dari hasil perencanaan tulangan diperoleh tulangan gelagar pada tumpuan 17D25 mm dan lapangan 10D25 mm. Tulangan kolom diperoleh tulangan D25-100 mm untuk daerah perletakan pelengkung dan D25-200 mm pada daerah puncak. Sedangkan untuk pelengkung diperoleh D25-80 mm untuk daerah perletakan dan D25-100 mm pada daerah puncak pelengkung.

scholarly journals COMPONENT METHOD EXTENSION TO STEEL BEAM‐TO‐BEAM AND BEAM‐TO‐COLUMN KNEE JOINTS UNDER BENDING AND AXIAL FORCES

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kestutis Urbonas ◽  
Alfonsas Daniūnas
Keyword(s):  
Axial Force ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Steel Beam ◽  
Component Method ◽  
End Plate ◽  
Axial Forces ◽  
Joint Rigidity

This paper presents an analysis of semi‐rigid beam‐to‐beam end‐plate bolted and beam‐to‐column end‐plate bolted knee joints that are subjected to bending and tension or compression axial force. Usually the influence of axial force on joint rigidity is neglected. According to EC3, the axial load, which is less than 10 % of plastic resistance of the connected member under axial force, may be disregarded in the design of joint. Actually the level of axial forces in joints of structures may be significant and has a significant influence on joint rigidity. One of the most popular practical method permitting the determination of rigidity and strength of joint is the so‐called component method. The extension of the component method for evaluating the influence of bending moment and axial force on the rigidity and strength of the joint are presented in the paper. The numerical results of calculations of rigidity and strength of beam-to-beam and beam-to-column knee joints are presented in this paper as well.

scholarly journals Simplified Design Equations for a Class of Rhombic Auxetic Plates

2018 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 01009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teik-Cheng Lim
Keyword(s):  
Bending Moment ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Simplified Model ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Uniform Load ◽  
Load Curve ◽  
Simply Supported ◽  
Exact Data ◽  
Second Derivatives ◽  
Auxetic Materials

Equations for solving the deflection and bending moments of rhombic plates by exact method are known to be highly tedious. A set of simplified equations is developed for design purposes of such simply supported plates under uniform load. Curve-fitting from exact data allows the deflection and its second derivatives, evaluated at the plate centre, to be expressed in greatly simplified and yet sufficiently accurate empirical models for thin rhombic plates. Using the simplified model, it is shown that the maximum bending moment can be reduced by using auxetic materials. By including the effects of shear deformation for thick rhombic plates, it is demonstrated that the ratio of shear-to-bending deformation decreases as the rhombic plate approaches a square shape and as the plate’s Poisson’s ratio becomes more negative.

An Analysis of the Collapse Strength of Down-Hole Tubings Loaded by Axial Compressive Forces and Bending Moment

2012 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 733-736
Author(s):  
Jiang Wen Xu ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Yi Hua Dou ◽  
Xiao Zeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Axial Force ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Well Testing ◽  
Axial Forces ◽  
Collapse Strength ◽  
Axial Tensile ◽  
Tensile Forces ◽  
Bending Loads ◽  
Compressive Axial Force

Due to collapses of tubings during well testing and completing in HPHT wells, it is required by Petrochina officially to calculate and analysis the collapse strength of down hole tubings with axial forces and corresponding bending moment being taken into considerations. Based on the 4th strength theorem, formulas were derived and method was present to analyze the collapse strength of down hole tubings loaded by compressive axial forces and bending moment to fulfill the official requirements, which could not be accomplished according to published standards and references. And, influences of axial tensile forces, compressive forces and bending loads on the collapse strengths of down hole tubings were studied. It is found that the collapse strength of down hole tubing loaded by compressive axial force is smaller with compressive axial force and buckling bending moment taking into considerations. The bigger the compressive axial forces, the smaller the collapse strengths.

scholarly journals ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS FOR VIBRATION OF SIMPLY SUPPORTED NONLOCAL NANOBEAMS WITH AN AXIAL FORCE

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 257-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. LI ◽  
C. W. LIM ◽  
J. L. YU ◽  
Q. C. ZENG
Keyword(s):  
Axial Force ◽  
Analytical Solutions ◽  
Nonlocal Elasticity ◽  
Continuum Theory ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Nonlocal Elasticity Theory ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
Simply Supported ◽  
Axial Tension ◽  
Definition Of

This paper presents exact, analytical solutions for the transverse vibration of simply supported nanobeams subjected to an initial axial force based on nonlocal elasticity theory. Classical continuum theory is inherently size independent while nonlocal elasticity exhibits size dependence. The latter has significant effects on bending moment, which results in a conceptually different definition of a new effective nonlocal bending moment with respect to the corresponding classical bending moment. A sixth-order partial differential governing equation is subsequently obtained. The effects of nonlocal nanoscale on the vibration frequencies and mode shapes are considered and analytical solutions are solved. Effects of the nonlocal nanoscale and dimensionless axial force including axial tension and axial compression on the first three mode frequencies are presented and discussed. It is found that the nonlocal nanoscale induces higher natural frequencies and stiffness of the nano structures.

scholarly journals Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine Injury in Road Barrier Collision–Finite Element Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Pachocki ◽  
K. Daszkiewicz ◽  
P. Łuczkiewicz ◽  
W. Witkowski
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Longitudinal Force ◽  
Spine Injury ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Axial Forces ◽  
Spine Kinematics ◽  
Spine Model

Literature and field data from CIREN database have shown that lumbar spine injuries occur during car crashes. There are multiple hypotheses regarding how they occur; however, there is no biomechanical explanation for these injuries during collisions with road safety barriers (RSBs). Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the mechanics of vertebral fractures during car collisions with concrete RSBs. The finite element method was used for the numerical simulations. The global model of the car collision with the concrete RSB was created. The lumbar spine kinematics were extracted from the global simulation and then applied as boundary conditions to the detailed lumbar spine model. The results showed that during the collision, the occupant was elevated, and then dropped during the vehicle landing. This resulted in axial compression forces 2.6 kN with flexion bending moments 34.7 and 37.8 Nm in the L2 and L3 vertebrae. It was shown that the bending moment is the result of the longitudinal force on the eccentricity. The lumbar spine index for the L1–L5 section was 2.80, thus indicating a lumbar spine fracture. The minimum principal strain criterion of 7.4% and damage variable indicated L2 and L3 vertebrae and the inferior part of L1, as those potentially prone to fracture. This study found that lumbar spine fractures could occur as a consequence of vehicle landing during a collision with a concrete RSB mostly affecting the L1–L3 lumbar spine section. The fracture was caused by a combination of axial forces and flexion bending moments.

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