scholarly journals Aeolian activity during Late Glacial time, with an example from Mongo, Indiana, USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
Timothy G. Fisher ◽  
Jennifer Horton ◽  
Kenneth Lepper ◽  
Henry Loope
Keyword(s):  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Optically Stimulated Luminescence ◽  
Laurentide Ice Sheet ◽  
Great Lakes Region ◽  
Aeolian Activity ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
Channel Bottom ◽  
Glacial Time

The last aeolian activity of a significant number of inland sand dunes in the southern Great Lakes region (SGLR) was several thousands of years after deglaciation. At Mongo, Indiana, a field of parabolic sand dunes with a variety of morphologies are within the channel bottom of the Pigeon River meltwater channel, with some dunes having climbed up the channel wall onto the adjacent upland surface. The optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) samples from the channel-bottom dunes have a mean age of 14.2 ± 1.6 ka (n = 2) and the OSL samples from upland dunes have a mean age of 12.3 ± 1.6 ka (n = 4). Dunes and outwash ages and geomorphic setting constrain both the position of the Huron-Erie and Saginaw lobes. The oldest dune age is also a minimum age for cessation of local meltwater flow from the Huron-Erie Lobe of the Laurentide Ice Sheet and formation of the adjacent Sturgis Moraine of the Saginaw Lobe. The final activity of the dunes is coincident with late glacial stadial and interstadial events as recorded in the Greenland ice core records, a similar finding to all other studies of dunes in the SGLR. It is now well recognized that many dunes were last active before, during, and after the Younger Dryas stadial, presumably in response to a climate that was windier and less favorable for vegetation.

Terrestrial sensitivity to abrupt cooling recorded by aeolian activity in northwest Ohio, USA

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda C. Campbell ◽  
Timothy G. Fisher ◽  
Ronald J. Goble
Keyword(s):  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Optically Stimulated Luminescence ◽  
Great Lakes Region ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Cold Event ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Landscape Modification ◽  
Aeolian Activity ◽  
Aeolian Dunes

AbstractOptically stimulated luminescence dated sand dunes and Pleistocene beach ridges in northwest Ohio are used to reconstruct landscape modification more than 5000 yr after deglaciation. Four of the OSL ages (13.3–11.1 ka) cluster around the Younger Dryas cold event, five ages (10.8–8.2 ka) cluster around the Preboreal, one young age (0.9–0.7 ka) records more recent aeolian activity, and one age of 15.1–13.1 ka dates a barrier spit in Lake Warren. In northwest Ohio, both landscape instability recorded by aeolian activity and a vegetation response recorded by pollen are coeval with the Younger Dryas. However, the climate conditions during the Preboreal resulting in aeolian activity are not recorded in the available pollen records. From this, we conclude that aeolian dunes and surfaces susceptible to deflation are sensitive to cooler, drier episodes of climate and can complement pollen data. Younger Dryas and Preboreal aged aeolian activity in northwestern Ohio coincides with aeolian records elsewhere in the Great Lakes region east of the prairie–forest ecotone.

Late Pleistocene mammoth remains from Coastal Maine, USA

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Gary Hoyle ◽  
Daniel C. Fisher ◽  
Harold W. Borns ◽  
Lisa L. Churchill-Dickson ◽  
Christopher C. Dorion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Laurentide Ice Sheet ◽  
Mammuthus Primigenius ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
Near Shore ◽  
Glaciomarine Sediments ◽  
Isotope Variation ◽  
Regressive Phase ◽  
Woolly Mammoth

Remains identified as those of a woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) dated at 12,200 ± 55 14C yr B.P. were recovered while excavating in a complex sequence of glaciomarine sediments in Scarborough, Maine, USA. The mammoth was found in the top meter of a fossiliferous unit of mud and sand laminites. These sediments were deposited during a marine regressive phase following the transgression that accompanied northward retreat of the margin of the Laurentide ice sheet. A Portlandia arctica valve from the underlying transgressive unit provides a minimum age of 14,820 ± 105 14C yr B.P. for local deglaciation. The mammoth, an adult female, died in midwinter with no evidence of human involvement. Tusk growth rates and oxygen-isotope variation over the last few years of life record low seasonality. The mammoth was transported to the site as a partial carcass by the late-glacial proto-Saco River. It sank in a near-shore setting, was subjected to additional disarticulation and scattering of elements, and was finally buried in sediments reworked by the shallowing sea.

The timing of aeolian events near archaeological settlements around Heidebos (Moervaart area, N Belgium)

2010 ◽  
Vol 89 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 173-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Derese ◽  
D.A.G. Vandenberghe ◽  
A. Zwertvaegher ◽  
M. Court-Picon ◽  
P. Crombé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Formation ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Optically Stimulated Luminescence ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Organic Layers ◽  
The Core ◽  
Aeolian Activity ◽  
High Sedimentation ◽  
Sedimentary Core ◽  
Aeolian Sands

AbstractAt the locality of Heidebos (Moervaart area, N Flanders, Belgium), a sedimentary core was taken in the Maldegem-Stekene coversand ridge and dated using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). The study aimed at contributing to an improved understanding of the evolution of the physical landscape around archaeological settlements in this area. The core comprised a 7 m thick series of laminated and massive aeolian sands, in which several organic layers were intercalated. From this sequence, 11 samples were collected for quartz-based SAR-OSL dating; an internally consistent dataset was obtained. The ages of the lowermost 1 m of the sedimentary sequence (15.5±1.1 ka and 17.3±1.3 ka) imply that these sediments may represent the time-equivalent deposit of a deflation phase that occurred during the Late Pleniglacial and led to the formation of a widespread desert pavement, regionally known as the Beuningen Gravel Bed. However, a significant part of the sediments (at least 4 m) was deposited later, i.e. during the Allerød and/or the Late Dryas. As such, the results allow establishing the genesis of the coversand ridge at the Heidebos locality on the basis of direct age information. The relatively high sedimentation rate and the absence of extensive soil formation in the record reflect periods of pronounced aeolian activity and landscape instability during the Late Glacial, which provides part of the environmental framework for human occupation in the area.

scholarly journals Quaternary Geology of the Indiana Portion of the Eastern Extent of the South Bend 30- x 60-Minute Quadrangle

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Luis Antinao ◽  
Robin Rupp
Keyword(s):  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Quaternary Geology ◽  
Laurentide Ice Sheet ◽  
The South ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
South Bend ◽  
Area North ◽  
Sand And Gravel ◽  
Distinct Features

The Quaternary Geology of the eastern South Bend 30- x 60-Minute Quadrangle in Indiana represents landforms and near-surface sediments deposited during the Wisconsin Episode, Late Pleistocene. Sediments and landforms reflect the interplay between the Saginaw and Michigan Lobes of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. A relatively shallow, buried pre-Wisconsin and mid-Wisconsin morphology has been overridden by advances leading to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), ca. 24 ka. Between 24 and 17 ka, retreating ice fronts from the Michigan Lobe left a succession of ice-contact sediment ramps and associated pitted and collapsed fan-moraine complexes throughout the south and west of the map area. A sequence of stacked diamicton and sand and gravel fan heads appears at the hinged interlobate area north and northeast of South Bend. Ice margin positions are marked by distinct features like fans, kames and ice-walled lake plains, which are well developed on Michigan Lobe margins. The thicker glaciofluvial sand and gravel packages appear mostly interbedded with diamicton beds along fan heads, with relatively minor deposits in valley train units. Lowlands are mostly occupied by post-LGM (ca. 18 ka) valley-train outwash deposits, with interpreted flow toward the south and west, derived from an ice margin retreating first from south to north, near Mishawaka, then from southeast to northwest across the Kankakee valley. Sand and gravel colluvial and alluvial fans developed in a short span after ice retreated, along with incision of the ice-sculpted morphology. Late-glacial aeolian sand dunes sealed the landscape. Relatively minor modification of the landscape during the Holocene is indicated by alluvial and palustrine deposits.

Minimum limiting deglacial ages for the out-of-phase Saginaw Lobe of the Laurentide Ice Sheet using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 71-87
Author(s):  
Timothy G. Fisher ◽  
Mitchell R. Dziekan ◽  
Jennifer McDonald ◽  
Kenneth Lepper ◽  
Henry M. Loope ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Optically Stimulated Luminescence ◽  
Laurentide Ice Sheet ◽  
Great Lakes Region ◽  
Accommodation Space ◽  
The Difference ◽  
First Time ◽  
Osl Age

AbstractTwenty-four new optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon ages from sediment cores in nine lakes associated with the Shipshewana and Sturgis moraines in northern Indiana and southern Michigan estimate when recession of the Saginaw Lobe of the Laurentide Ice Sheet was underway in the southern Great Lakes region, USA. Average OSL ages of 23.4 ± 2.2 ka for the Shipshewana Moraine and 19.7 ± 2.2 ka for the Sturgis Moraine are considered minimum limiting deglacial ages for these recessional moraines. The much younger radiocarbon ages are consistent with other regional radiocarbon ages from lakes, and record climate amelioration around ~16.5 cal ka BP. Early recession of the interlobate Saginaw Lobe was well underway by 23.4 ± 2.2 ka, when the adjacent Lake Michigan and Huron-Erie lobes were a few hundred kilometers farther south and near their maximum southerly limits. The results provide the first time constraints when sediment from the Lake Michigan and Huron-Erie lobes began filling the accommodation space left by the Saginaw Lobe. The difference between the oldest radiocarbon and OSL age is 7400 yr for the Shipshewana Moraine and 3400 yr for the Sturgis Moraine.

scholarly journals Absolute Dating (14C and OSL) of the Formation of Coversand Ridges Occupied by Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherers in NW Belgium

Radiocarbon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 715-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Crombé ◽  
Mark van Strydonck ◽  
Mathieu Boudin ◽  
Tess van den Brande ◽  
Cilia Derese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Optically Stimulated Luminescence ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Sedimentary Sequences ◽  
Formation History ◽  
Dune Slacks ◽  
Windblown Sand ◽  
Absolute Dating

Based on radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) results obtained in the last 5 yr, this paper discusses the absolute chronology of the formation of one of the largest sand dunes within NW Belgium, the Great Ridge of Maldegem-Stekene. Multiproxy analysis of 6 sedimentary sequences points to a complex formation history covering the entire Late Glacial. Dry phases, characterized by eolian deflation and sedimentation, alternated with wet phases in which numerous mostly shallow dune slacks were filled with freshwater. The latter reached their highest water level during the first half of the Allerød, attracting both animals (e.g. European elk) and humans (Federmesser hunter-gatherers). Near the end of the Allerød, all dune slacks finally disappeared as they were filled in with windblown sand ("coversand"), likely forcing prehistoric hunter-gatherers to leave the area.

OSL ages on glaciofluvial sediment in northern Lower Michigan constrain expansion of the Laurentide ice sheet

2008 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall J. Schaetzl ◽  
Steven L. Forman
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
General Assumption ◽  
Optically Stimulated Luminescence ◽  
Marine Isotope Stage ◽  
Laurentide Ice Sheet ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Great Lakes Region ◽  
Blue Lake ◽  
Lower Peninsula

AbstractWe report new ages on glaciofluvial (outwash) sediment from a large upland in northern Lower Michigan—the Grayling Fingers. The Fingers are cored with > 150 m of outwash, which is often overlain by the (informal) Blue Lake till of marine isotope stage (MIS) 2. They are part of an even larger, interlobate upland comprised of sandy drift, known locally as the High Plains. The ages, determined using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) methods, indicate that subaerial deposition of this outwash occurred between 25.7 and 29.0 ka, probably associated with a stable MIS 2 ice margin, with mean ages of ca. 27 ka. These dates establish a maximum-limiting age of ca. 27 ka for the MIS 2 (late Wisconsin) advance into central northern Lower Michigan. We suggest that widespread ice sheet stabilization at the margins of the northern Lower Peninsula, during this advance and later during its episodic retreat, partly explains the thick assemblages of coarse-textured drift there. Our work also supports the general assumption of a highly lobate ice margin during the MIS 2 advance in the Great Lakes region, with the Fingers, an interlobate upland, remaining ice-free until ca. 27 ka.

scholarly journals XIX.—The Bone-Cave in the Valley of Allt nan Uamh (Burn of the Caves), near Inchnadamff, Assynt, Sutherlandshire

1918 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 327-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. N. Peach ◽  
J. Horne ◽  
E. T. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Early History ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Geological History ◽  
Collateral Evidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Glacial Time

A characteristic feature of the plateau of Cambrian Limestone in the neighbourhood of Inchnadamff is the occurrence in it of swallow-holes, caves, and subterranean channels which are intimately associated with the geological history of the region. The valley of Allt nan Uamh (Burn of the Caves), locally known as the Coldstream Burn, furnishes striking examples of these phenomena. One of the caves in this valley yielded an interesting succession of deposits, from which were collected abundant remains of mammals and birds. The discovery of bones of the Northern Lynx, the Arctic Lemming, and the Northern Vole among these relics, and the collateral evidence of the materials forming some of these layers, seem to link the early history of this bone-cave with late glacial time, or at least with a period before the final disappearance of local glaciers in that region.

Late-Glacial Cooling in Amazonia Inferred from Pollen at Lagoa do Caçó, Northern Brazil

2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Pierre Ledru ◽  
Renato Campello Cordeiro ◽  
José Maria Landim Dominguez ◽  
Louis Martin ◽  
Philippe Mourguiart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Convective Precipitation ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Moisture Source ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
Low Latitudes ◽  
Northern Brazil

AbstractNew pollen data from a core at Lagoa do Caçó, Maranhão state, Brazil (2°58′S 43°25′W; 120 m elevation), show higher frequencies of Podocarpus at the end of the Pleistocene than today. The increase in Podocarpus, which follows the successive increase of various pioneer species such as Didymopanax, Melastomataceae/Combretaceae, and Cecropia, implies a progressive late-glacial increase of moist and cool climatic conditions. A comparable increase in Podocarpus is found in other lowland records in Amazonia. A review of published pollen data from Amazonia suggests that the moisture source was from the southeast. By contrast, present-day moisture comes from the tropical Atlantic and from the Amazon basin, with its convective precipitation. The likely cause for the southeastern moisture source between ca. 15,000 and 14,500 cal yr B.P. was enhanced polar (Antarctic) advection that reached low latitudes and maintained year-round the meteorological equator in its austral-winter position at northern latitudes or reduced drastically its southward summer displacement. This hypothesis is consistent with marine and ice core records.

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