Soil quality assessment of vegetation restoration after a large forest fire in Daxing’anling, northeast China

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihong Wang ◽  
Qiang Fu
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Vegetation Restoration ◽  
Soil Quality Index ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Microbial Biomass Nitrogen ◽  
A Value

Forest fires significantly change soil function and quality. Finding an effective way to accelerate the restoration of soil quality after forest fires is a major issue. This study investigated the soil quality index (SQI) during vegetation restoration after a fire in a Larix gmelinii plantation, throughout different restoration years. Fifteen physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil were examined using principal component analysis, and soil quality was assessed by SQI. The results revealed that soil physical properties, chemical properties, and enzyme activities showed the most improvement after 24 yr of restoration. Soil microbial biomass carbon content and microbial biomass nitrogen content increased with restoration years. Soil bulk density, microbial biomass nitrogen, sucrase, and catalase were retained in the minimum data set. After 24 yr of restoration, SQI was the highest, with a value of 0.52, followed by natural restoration, 21, 13, and 16 yr; the SQI after 3 yr of restoration was the lowest, with a value of 0.26. Artificial regeneration accelerated the recovery of soil quality after 24 yr. Soil quality should be monitored continuously in the study area.

scholarly journals Changes in soil quality after converting <i>Pinus</i> to <i>Eucalyptus</i> plantations in southern China

Solid Earth ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Zhang ◽  
H. Zheng ◽  
F. L. Chen ◽  
Z. Y. Ouyang ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Soil Quality Index ◽  
Microbial Biomass Nitrogen ◽  
The Third ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantations ◽  
Time Substitution

Abstract. Vegetation plays a key role in maintaining soil quality, but long-term changes in soil quality due to plant species change and successive planting are rarely reported. Using the space-for-time substitution method, adjacent plantations of Pinus and first, second, third and fourth generations of Eucalyptus in Guangxi, China were used to study changes in soil quality caused by converting Pinus to Eucalyptus and successive Eucalyptus planting. Soil chemical and biological properties were measured and a soil quality index was calculated using principal component analysis. Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, alkaline hydrolytic nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, cellobiosidase, phenol oxidase, peroxidase and acid phosphatase activities were significantly lower in the first and second generations of Eucalyptus plantations compared with Pinus plantation, but they were significantly higher in the third and fourth generations than in the first and second generations and significantly lower than in Pinus plantation. Soil total and available potassium were significantly lower in Eucalyptus plantations (1.8–2.5 g kg−1 and 26–66 mg kg−1) compared to the Pinus plantation (14.3 g kg−1 and 92 mg kg−1), but total phosphorus was significantly higher in Eucalyptus plantations (0.9–1.1 g kg−1) compared to the Pinus plantation (0.4 g kg−1). As an integrated indicator, soil quality index was highest in the Pinus plantation (0.92) and lowest in the first and second generations of Eucalyptus plantations (0.24 and 0.13). Soil quality index in the third and fourth generations (0.36 and 0.38) was between that in Pinus plantation and in first and second generations of Eucalyptus plantations. Changing tree species, reclamation and fertilization may have contributed to the change observed in soil quality during conversion of Pinus to Eucalyptus and successive Eucalyptus planting. Litter retention, keeping understorey coverage, and reducing soil disturbance during logging and subsequent establishment of the next rotation should be considered to help improving soil quality.

scholarly journals Mapping Soil Quality in Various Land Uses as a Basis for Soil Management in Wonogiri, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-135
Author(s):  
Mujiyo MUJIYO ◽  
Suntoro SUNTORO ◽  
Restu Prasetyaning TYAS ◽  
Aktavia HERAWATI ◽  
Hery WIDIJANTO
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Soil Quality Index ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Quality Status

Soil quality is closely related to environment because soil is not only viewed as a growing media for plants but also encompasses various environmental and health functions. It is important to know the quality of soil in order to keep it healthy, productive, and optimally functioning. This research aims to evaluate soil quality status in various land uses and to learn the land factors that are related to soil quality. Soil quality index (SQI) represents the soil quality status. SQI will then be used as the basis for soil management. A descriptive explorative research study was carried out in the Giritontro Sub-district, Wonogiri District, Indonesia. SQI indicators were obtained from 12 existing Land Mapping Units (LMU). SQI was obtained by determining the Minimum Data Set (MDS) with a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) test. Then SQI was mapped and statistically analyzed to determine the influence of land use and the determinant factors of SQI. Results showed that SQI in all area is class 3 or moderate. SQI was significantly influenced by land use. SQI in paddy field is 9.09% higher than crop fields and 2.27% higher than of plantations. Indicators which are significantly related to SQI are bulk density, porosity, cation exchange capacity, available P, available K and microbial biomass carbon (MBC). The type of soil management that can be implemented to improve soil quality includes addition of organic or inorganic fertilizer and adoption of an agroforestry system.

scholarly journals Changes in soil quality due to converting <i>Pinus</i> to <i>Eucalyptus</i> plantations and subsequent successive <i>Eucalyptus</i> planting in southern China

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 2779-2802
Author(s):  
K. Zhang ◽  
H. Zheng ◽  
F. L. Chen ◽  
Z. Y. Ouyang ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Soil Quality Index ◽  
Microbial Biomass Nitrogen ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantations ◽  
Time Substitution

Abstract. Plants play a key role in maintaining soil quality, but long-term changes in soil quality due to plant species change and successive planting are rarely reported. Using the space-for-time substitution method, adjacent plantations of Pinus and 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th generations of Eucalyptus in Guangxi, China were used to study changes in soil quality caused by converting Pinus to Eucalyptus and successive Eucalyptus planting. Soil chemical and biological properties were measured and a soil quality index (SQI) was calculated. Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, alkaline hydrolytic nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, cellobiosidase, phenol oxidase, peroxidase and acid phosphatase activities significantly decreased in the 1st and 2nd generations of Eucalyptus plantations after conversion from Pinus to Eucalyptus but gradually recovered in the 3rd and 4th generations. Soil total and available potassium were significantly lower, but total phosphorus was significantly higher in Eucalyptus plantations compared to the Pinus plantation. As an integrated indicator, SQI was highest in the Pinus plantation (0.92), but decreased to 0.24 and 0.13 in the 1st and 2nd generations of Eucalyptus plantations, respectively. However, it recovered to 0.36 and 0.38 in the 3rd and 4th generations, respectively. Changing tree species, reclamation and fertilization may have contributed to the "U" shaped change observed in soil quality during conversion of Pinus to Eucalyptus and successive Eucalyptus planting. Litter retention, keeping understory coverage, and reducing soil disturbance during logging and subsequent establishment of the next rotation should be considered to help improving soil quality during plantation management.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis and Soil Quality Indexing for Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. Grown in Marginal and Degraded Land of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikh Adil Edrisi ◽  
Vishal Tripathi ◽  
Purushothaman Chirakkuzhyil Abhilash
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Dalbergia Sissoo ◽  
Land Restoration ◽  
Degraded Land ◽  
Soil Quality Index ◽  
Degraded Lands

The successful utilization of marginal and degraded lands for biomass and bioenergy production depends upon various factors such as climatic conditions, the adaptive traits of the tree species and their growth rate and respective belowground responses. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the growth performance of a bioenergy tree (Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.) grown in marginal and degraded land of the Mirzapur district of Uttar Pradesh, India and to analyze the effect of D. sissoo plantations on soil quality improvement over the study years. For this, a soil quality index (SQI) was developed based on principal component analysis (PCA) to understand the effect of D. sissoo plantations on belowground responses. PCA results showed that among the studied soil variables, bulk density (BD), moisture content (MC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and soil urease activity (SUA) are the key variables critically influencing the growth of D. sissoo. The SQI was found in an increasing order with the growth period of D. sissoo. (i.e., from 0.419 during the first year to 0.579 in the fourth year). A strong correlation was also observed between the growth attributes (diameter at breast height, R2 = 0.870; and plant height, R2 = 0.861) and the soil quality (p < 0.01). Therefore, the developed SQI can be used as key indicator for monitoring the restoration potential of D. sissoo growing in marginal and degraded lands and also for adopting suitable interventions to further improve soil quality for multipurpose land restoration programs, thereby attaining land degradation neutrality and United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

scholarly journals The Assessment of Soil Quality Index for Paddy Fields with Indicator Biology in Jatipurno Districts, Wonogirl

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Supriyadi Supriyadi ◽  
Widyatmani Sih Dewi ◽  
Desmiasari Nugrahani ◽  
Adila Azza Rahmah ◽  
Haryuni Haryuni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Soil Quality Index ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Organic Rice ◽  
Minimum Data

Increased rice needs in an extensive use of paddy fields in the Jatipurno, Wonogiri. Managing rice fields can reduce soil quality. Proper management can improve soil quality, Jatipurno has management such as organic, semi-organic and inorganic paddy field management which have a real effect on soil quality. Assessment of soil quality is measured by physical, chemical and biological indicators, where each factor has a different effect. The chemical indicators are often used as the main indicators for determining soil quality, whereas every parameter has the opportunity to be the main indicator. So, biological indicators can play indicators. The main indicators are obtained from the correlation test (p-values &le; 0,05 - &lt; 0,01) and Principal Component Analysis with high value, eigenvalues &gt; 1 have the potential to be used as Minimum Data Sets. The result is biological can be able to use as the Minimum Data Set such as microbial carbon biomass, respiration, and total bacterial colonies. The Soil Quality Index (SQI) of various paddy management practices shows very low to low soil quality values. The management of organic rice systems shows better Soil Quality Index with a score of 0,20 compared to other management. The practice of organic rice management shows that it can improve soil quality.

scholarly journals Biochar and Compost-Based Integrated Nutrient Management: Potential for Carbon and Microbial Enrichment in Degraded Acidic and Charland Soils

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Rahman ◽  
Md. Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Shihab Uddin ◽  
Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman ◽  
Ahmed Gaber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Acidic Soil ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Microbial Biomass Nitrogen

Soil acidification and charland formation through alluvial sand deposition are emerging threats to food security in Bangladesh in that they endanger crop production in about 35% of its territory. The integrated plant nutrient system (IPNS) is a globally accepted nutrient management approach designed to revive the damaged soils’ fertility level. Total organic carbon (TOC) in soil is a composite index of soil quality that has consequences for agricultural productivity and natural soil ecosystems. This study assesses the impacts of using biochar, compost, poultry litter, and vermicompost-based IPNS approaches on labile and TOC pools, TOC stocks, lability and management indices, and microbial populations under different cropping patterns after 2 years in acidic and charland soils. The application of IPNS treatments increased microbial biomass carbon (MBC) by 9.1–50.0% in acidic soil and 8.8–41.2% in charland soil compared to the untreated soil, with the largest increase in poultry manure biochar (PMB). Microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) rose from 20 to 180% in charland soil compared to the control, although no effect was observed in acidic soil. Basal respiration (BR) rose by 43–429% in acidic soil and 16–189% in charland soil compared to the control, exhibiting the highest value in PMB. IPNS treatments significantly improved SOC and POC but did not affect POXc and bulk density in both soils. The PMB and organic fertilizer (OF, compost)-based IPNS wielded the greatest influence on the lability index of MBC in acidic soils and the management index of MBC in both soils. This is despite the fact that IPNS did not affect the lability and management indices of active carbon (AC). IPNS treatments increased the stocks of SOC and MBC in both the soils and POC stock in acidic soil. IPNS treatments significantly boosted the bacterial and fungal populations in both soils, despite having no effect on phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (PSB). Thus, PMB and OF (compost)-based IPNS may be a better nutrient management practice in degraded acidic and charland soils. This is especially the case in terms of soil quality improvement, soil carbon sequestration, and microbial enrichment.

scholarly journals Soil Quality at Rice Fields with Organic, Semi-organic and Inorganic Management in Wonogiri Regency, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Supriyadi Supriyadi ◽  
Intan Lestari Prima Vera ◽  
Purwanto Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Soil Quality Index ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Organic Rice

The high demand of rice is fulfilled by intensification, particularly with the use of chemical fertilizer that allegedly causes land and environmental problems in a long term. As public awareness of environmental health rises, more rice fields are managed organically and semi-organically, but there are still many that manage rice fields inorganically. Assessment of soil quality of the three types of rice field management is important to prove that organic rice fields have better soil quality than semi-organic and inorganic rice fields, as well as to evaluate soil conditions on the location. This research was conducted in Girimarto, Wonogiri, Indonesia, using a descriptive explorative method with a survey approach on three points of each management system of rice fields, which are organic, semi-organic and inorganic rice fields. Statistical analysis was performed by Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) to determine the indicators affecting soil quality, which are called the minimum data set (MDS). There were selected indicators in this research, including total microbes, base saturation, cation exchangeable capacity and organic carbon. Based on the results of the study, organic rice fields have the best soil quality with a score of soil quality index (SQI) of 2.3, compared to semi-organic rice field SQI (2.2) and inorganic rice field SQI (1.7). The results indicate that organic management contributes to better soil quality and environment.

scholarly journals The effect of land use on soil quality in Giriwoyo Sub-district, Wonogiri Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 2559-2568
Author(s):  
M Mujiyo ◽  
Yosua Yoga Setyawan ◽  
Aktavia Herawati ◽  
Hery Widijanto
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Available P ◽  
Soil Quality Index ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C

Determination of soil quality in Giriwoyo Sub-district, Wonogiri Regency, will generate a Soil Quality Index which can be used as a reference for soil cultivation for optimal productivity. This research was a descriptive exploratory with a survey approach. The survey area consisted of 12 land mapping units (LMU) with 3 replications for each LMU. Determination of LMU based on soil type, land use, slope and rainfall. The parameters used were BD (bulk density), porosity, organic C, pH, CEC (cation exchange capacity), BS (base saturation), available P, available K, total N, and MBC (microbial biomass carbon) that represented the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) analysis was performed to obtain the Minimum Data Set (MDS). The Soil Quality Index (SQI) at each LMU was calculated by multiplying the PCA result score (Wi) with the score for each selected indicator (Si). The result showed that the Soil Quality Index at each LMU was low. The highest Soil Quality Index was found in fields land use with an SQI of 0.34. The soil indicator that limited the soil quality was available P.

scholarly journals Assessment of Paddy Soil Quality Index Based on Differences in the Productivity of Paddy in Wonogiri Regency

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Supriyadi Darsowiyono ◽  
Retno Rosariastuti ◽  
Pranoto Pranoto ◽  
Fitria Okvitasari
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Soil Quality Index ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Available N ◽  
Cultivation Practices ◽  
Using Data

Rice or paddy is a staple food in some countries. The need for food is huge as the population growth increase, in Wonogiri regency majority of the land area is used as paddy field and land intensification is done to improve productivity. Land intensification raises the issues of having no definitive measure about the status of soil improvement after the cultivation practices of Paddy (Oryza sativa) has been done, in addition, the diversity of age utilization of paddy field by farmers resulting the differences in productivity that will affect the quality difference of the paddy field soil. The assessment is aimed to determine the soil quality function whether it’s good or bad after doing such land cultivation practices for a certain period. The assessment of soil quality is using data analysis method from the influential indicators based on the nature of at least the Minimum Data Set (MDS) that is obtained based on calculations of Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Indicators that affect, such as, C-Organic,Bulk Density, K-Available, N-Total, and average soil quality were obtained at all points of the sample with a diverse range of values. With the known SQI values, in the future the efforts to maintain and improve the quality of the soil can be done by considering several important factors.

scholarly journals Effects of Biochar and Straw Application on the Physicochemical and Biological Properties of Paddy Soils in Northeast China

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zheng ◽  
Xiaori Han ◽  
Yuying Li ◽  
Jinfeng Yang ◽  
Na Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Microbial Biomass Nitrogen ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Straw Application

Abstract Applying biochar to soil has been proposed as a strategy to enhance soil quality and crop productivity. To further evaluate the influence of biochar and straw application on soil fertility and crop yield, a five-year fixed site field experiment was conducted in a paddy field in Northeast China. The experimental design included six treatments: control (CK), biochar (C), straw (S), chemical fertilizers (NPK), biochar with chemical fertilizer (CNPK) and straw with chemical fertilizer (SNPK). The results showed that compared with the NPK treatment, CNPK and SNPK significantly increased soil total porosity, soil air permeability coefficient, soil organic carbon (SOC), C/N ratio, soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC)‚ soil microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN), invertase activity and rice yield. Furthermore, amendment of biochar had a better effect on SOC, C/N ratio, SMBC, and SMBN than that of straw. In addition, SMBC, SOC, and total nitrogen (TN) had significant correlations with soil enzyme activities. Therefore, amendment of biochar with chemical fertilizer is an effective measure to improve rice production and soil quality in the northeast of China.

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