scholarly journals Phosphorus accumulation in Canadian agricultural soils over 30 yr

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-532
Author(s):  
Keith Reid ◽  
Kimberley D. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
P Loss ◽  
Livestock Density ◽  
Phosphorus Accumulation ◽  
Soil Test P ◽  
P Balance ◽  
Key Driver ◽  
Significant Regression

Phosphorus (P) loss to freshwater is a key driver of eutrophication, and understanding the scale and spatial distribution of potential P sources is a key pre-requisite for implementing policies for P management to minimize environmental impacts. Soil test P (STP) is a useful indicator of the accumulation of P in soils, but these data are not readily available for most agricultural land in Canada, so the cumulative P balance (P inputs as manure or fertilizer minus removal of P in crops) is calculated as a proxy for this value. Cumulative P balance is an important calculation within the indicator of risk of water contamination by P, so allocations of manure and fertilizer P to cropland were updated within the calculation of P balance, and for Ontario, data from 1961 to 1980 were added to account for P applications during that period. The STP concentrations were calculated from the resulting cumulative P balances. When compared with reported STP concentrations, the predicted concentrations showed a statistically significant regression at the national (R2 = 78%) and provincial scale (Ontario, R2 = 36%; Prince Edward Island, R2 = 36%; Manitoba, R2 = 72%; British Columbia, R2 = 40%). There was significant variation in the cumulative P balance across Canada, with the highest values corresponding with areas of high livestock density, whereas large zones of P deficit were detected across the Prairies.

scholarly journals Finnish trends in phosphorus balances and soil test phosphorus

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. UUSITALO ◽  
E. TURTOLA ◽  
J. GRÖNROOS
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
P Loss ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Soil Test P ◽  
Soil Test Phosphorus ◽  
Yield Responses

Soil test phosphorus (P) concentration has a major influence on the dissolved P concentration in runoff from agricultural soils. Thus, trends in soil test P partly determine the development of pollution potential of agricultural activities. We reviewed the changes of soil test P and P balances in Finnish agriculture, and assessed the current setting of P loss potential after two Agri-Environmental Programs. Phosphorus balance of the Finnish agriculture has decreased from +35 kg ha–1 of the 1980’s to about +8 kg P ha–1 today. As a consequence, the 50-yr upward trend in soil test P concentrations has probably levelled out in the late 1990’s, as suggested by sampling of about 1600 fields and by a modelling exercise. For the majority of our agricultural soils, soil test P concentrations are currently at a level at which annual P fertilization is unlikely to give measurable yield responses. Soils that benefit from annual P applications are more often found in farms specialized in cereal production, whereas farms specialized in non-cereal plant production and animal production have higher soil test P concentrations. An imbalance in P cycling between plant (feed) and animal production is obvious, and regional imbalances are a result of concentration of animal farms in some parts of the country. A major concern in future will be the fate of manure P in those regions where animal production intensity is further increasing.;

Indicator of risk of water contamination by phosphorus from Canadian agricultural land

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. van Bochove ◽  
G. Thériault ◽  
F. Dechmi ◽  
A.N. Rousseau ◽  
R. Quilbé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Contamination ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Soil Test P ◽  
P Balance ◽  
Balance Factor

The indicator of risk of water contamination by phosphorus (IROWC_P) is designed to estimate where the risk of water P contamination by agriculture is high, and how this risk is changing over time based on the five-year period of data Census frequency. Firstly developed for the province of Quebec (2000), this paper presents an improved version of IROWC_P (intended to be released in 2008), which will be extended to all watersheds and Soil Landscape of Canada (SLC) polygons (scale 1:1, 000, 000) with more than 5% of agriculture. There are three objectives: (i) create a soil phosphorus saturation database for dominant and subdominant soil series of SLC polygons – the soil P saturation values are estimated by the ratio of soil test P to soil P sorption capacity; (ii) calculate an annual P balance considering crop residue P, manure P, and inorganic fertilizer P – agricultural and manure management practices will also be considered; and (iii) develop a transport-hydrology component including P transport estimation by runoff mechanisms (water balance factor, topographic index) and soil erosion, and the area connectivity to water (artificial drainage, soil macropores, and surface water bodies).

Phosphorus accumulation and leaching in two irrigated soils with incremental rates of cattle manure

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
B M Olson ◽  
E. Bremer ◽  
R H McKenzie ◽  
D R Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Loss ◽  
Phosphorus Accumulation ◽  
Soil Test P ◽  
Soil Test Phosphorus ◽  
P Leaching

The risk of P leaching increases on land that receives manure at rates sufficient to meet crop N requirements, but calcareous subsoils may minimize P loss due to P adsorption. An 8-yr field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different rates of manure on the accumulation and leaching of soil P in a coarse-textured (CT) soil and a medium-textured (MT) soil under typical irrigation management in southern Alberta. Treatments included a non-manured control and four rates of cattle (Bos taurus) manure (20, 40, 60, and 120 Mg ha-1 yr-1, wet-weight basis). In manured treatments, P addition ranged from about 80 to 450 kg P ha-1 yr-1, while P removal by annual cereal silage crops ranged from 15 to 22 kg P ha-1 yr-1. High soil test P (STP) concentrations occurred to a depth of 0.6 m at the CT site and 0.3 m at the MT site. Increase in STP concentration to 0.6 m was equivalent to 43% of net P input, and increase in total soil P was equivalent to 78% of net P input. Non-recovery of net P input suggests that P loss by leaching occurred at these sites and that leaching was more prevalent at the CT site. These calcareous soils have considerable potential to hold surplus P, but may still allow P leaching.Key words: Manure, phosphorus dynamics, soil test phosphorus, phosphorus leaching, soil texture

The Impact of Biochar on the Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2197-2208
Author(s):  
Carmen Otilia Rusanescu ◽  
Erol Murad ◽  
Cosmin Jinescu ◽  
Marin Rusanescu
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystems ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Co2 Balance ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Organic Resources

In the present paper are presented the experimental results of biomass gasification, the biochair was produced from vineyards by controlled pyrolysis at 750 �C, in order to increase the fertility of soils, it was found the increase of the fertility produced by the development of the vegetables in the soil to which was added biochar. Soil was added to soil 4 g/dm3 biochar, 8 g/dm3 biochar, the soil had no high humidity, was taken at a time when it had not rained for at least one week, the soil pH was 8, in the soil with 8 g/dm3 biochar the plants increased compared to the soil with 4 g/dm3 and the soil without biochar. The biochar resulting from pyrolysis and gasification processes is a valuable amendment to agricultural soils and an efficient and economical way to seize carbon. Using biochar it is possible to increase the diversity of agricultural land in an environmentally sound way in areas with depleted soils, limited organic resources and insufficient water for development. Helps to soil carbon sequestration with negative CO2 balance, increases the productive potential of agricultural ecosystems.

scholarly journals Application of RothC model to predict soil organic carbon stock on agricultural soils of Slovakia

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Barančíková ◽  
J. Halás ◽  
M. Gutteková ◽  
J. Makovníková ◽  
M. Nováková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Stock ◽  
Rothc Model ◽  
Soc Stock ◽  
Organic Carbon Stock

Soil organic matter (SOM) takes part in many environmental functions and, depending on the conditions, it can be a source or a sink of the greenhouse gases. Presently, the changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) stock can arise because of the climatic changes or changes in the land use and land management. A promising method in the estimation of SOC changes is modelling, one of the most used models for the prediction of changes in soil organic carbon stock on agricultural land being the RothC model. Because of its simplicity and availability of the input data, RothC was used for testing the efficiency to predict the development of SOC stock during 35-year period on agricultural land of Slovakia. The received data show an increase of SOC stock during the first (20 years) phase and no significant changes in the course of the second part of modelling. The increase of SOC stock in the first phase can be explained by a high carbon input of plant residues and manure and a lower temperature in comparison with the second modelling part.

The Phosphorus Indicators Tool: a simple model of diffuse P loss from agricultural land to water

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heathwaite A.L.* ◽  
A.I. Fraser ◽  
P.J. Johnes ◽  
M. Hutchins ◽  
E. Lord ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
P Loss

Changes in Olsen P in Relation to P Balance in Contrasting Agricultural Soils

Pedosphere ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 636-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel DÍAZ ◽  
José TORRENT
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
P Balance

The Use of Phosphorus Sorption Parameters in the Monitoring of Potential Emissions of this Component from the Arable Lands

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Szara ◽  
Tomasz Sosulski
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Phosphorus Leaching ◽  
Phosphorus Sorption ◽  
Soil Saturation ◽  
Sorption Parameters ◽  
Sorption Index

Abstract The study assesses the usefulness of different methods of determining the sorption properties of soils in relation to phosphorus in the agricultural soils from Central Poland in terms of the risk of environmental pollution posed by this component. As a reference parameter necessary to achieve the study.s objective, the sorption capacity of soils for phosphorus determined on the basis of the Langmuir model was used. The results of the tests were used to calculate the degrees of soil saturation with phosphorus: PE-R/Smax (Psat1); PE-R/PSI36 (Psat2), PM3/AlM3 + FeM3 (Psat3); Pox/Alox+Feox (Psat4); PE-R/AlM3+FeM3 (Psat5); PE-R/ Alox+Feox (Psat6). The usefulness of these indicators for assessing the risk of phosphorus emissions from agricultural land was determined on the basis of the coefficients of their correlation with the amount of active phosphorus in the soil. The study proved the usefulness of the Mehlich-3 and acid ammonium oxalate solutions for assessing the sorption capacity and the degree of saturation with phosphorus of typical Polish agricultural soils. For identifying the risk of phosphorus leaching from the soils, the parameter that specifies the extent of soil saturation with phosphorus as determined by the Egner-Riehm test and the sorption index (PSI) obtained by equilibrating the soils with a solution containing 36 mg P dm.3 at the soil-to-solution ratio of 1:10 (Psat2) were also found useful.

scholarly journals HARMONISASI REGULASI KEPEMILIKAN TANAH PERTANIAN SECARA ABSENTEE BAGI PEGAWAI NEGERI DALAM PROGRAM LANDREFORM

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Yunizar Wahyu Tristanto
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Start Time ◽  
The Government ◽  
Legal Subjects ◽  
And Control

Peoples needs can not be separated from the need of land . Once the importance of soil functions for society , need to be regulated in order to ensure the mastery and utilization at the same time in order to create legal certainty for the public . The problem that then arises since the start time of independence is disproportionate land ownership . In order to overcome these problems , the government has enacted Law No. 5 of 1960 About the Agrarian and the Reformation has been set TAP MPR No. IX / MPR / 2001 on Agrarian Reform and Natural Resources Management . One important aspect of the law with the enactment of the UUPA is a program of Landreform in Indonesia . Landreform became one of the alternatives for agrarian justice to resolve agrarian disputes and conflicts . one of the land reform program is the prohibition of absentee ownership of agricultural land. The problem that then occurs is the existence of exceptions in absentee land ownership . The problems regarding the permissibility of absentee ownership of agricultural land by the Servants . The exception contained in Article 3 Paragraph (4) of Government Regulation No. 224 of 1961 on the implementation of Land Distribution and Provision of Compensation. Ownership and control of agricultural soils in absentee in Article 10 Paragraph (1) UUPA is basically prohibited, but in Article 3 Paragraph (4) PP No. 224 years 1961, the government granted an exemption absentee ownership of agricultural land to some legal subjects of the Servant , retired civil servants , widows and widows of civil servants retired civil servants.

scholarly journals “Omics” Technologies for the Study of Soil Carbon Stabilization: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Overy ◽  
Madison A. Bell ◽  
Jemaneh Habtewold ◽  
Bobbi L. Helgason ◽  
Edward G. Gregorich
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
And Function ◽  
Agricultural Land Management ◽  
Soil Carbon Stabilization

Evidence-based decisions governing sustainable agricultural land management practices require a mechanistic understanding of soil organic matter (SOM) transformations and stabilization of carbon in soil. Large amounts of carbon from organic fertilizers, root exudates, and crop residues are input into agricultural soils. Microbes then catalyze soil biogeochemical processes including carbon extracellular transformation, mineralization, and assimilation of resources that are later returned to the soil as metabolites and necromass. A systems biology approach for a holistic study of the transformation of carbon inputs into stable SOM requires the use of soil “omics” platforms (metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics, and metabolomics). Linking the data derived from these various platforms will enhance our knowledge of structure and function of the microbial communities involved in soil carbon cycling and stabilization. In this review, we discuss the application, potential, and suitability of different “omics” approaches (independently and in combination) for elucidating processes involved in the transformation of stable carbon in soil. We highlight biases associated with these approaches including limitations of the methods, experimental design, and soil sampling, as well as those associated with data analysis and interpretation.

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