Geochemical and metallogenic relations in volcanic rocks of the southern Slave Province: implications for late Neoarchean tectonics

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 1835-1857 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Goodwin ◽  
M B Lambert ◽  
O Ujike
Keyword(s):  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Gold Deposits ◽  
Tectonic Plates ◽  
Slave Province ◽  
Volcanogenic Massive Sulphide ◽  
Lode Gold Deposits ◽  
Volcanic Belts

Late Neoarchean volcanic belts in the southern Slave Province include (1) in the east, the Cameron River – Beaulieu River belts, which are characterized by stratigraphically thin, flow-rich, classic calc-alkaline, arc-type sequences with accompanying syngenetic volcanogenic massive sulphide deposits; and (2) in the west, the Yellowknife belt, which is characterized by stratigraphically thick, structurally complex, pyroclastic-rich, adakitic, back-arc basin-type sequences, with accompanying epigenetic lode-gold deposits. The volcanic belt association bears persuasive chemical evidence of subduction-initiated magma generation. However, the greenstone belts, together with coeval matching patterned belts in Superior Province of the southern Canadian Shield, bear equally persuasive evidence of prevailing autochthonous–parautochthonous relations with respect to component stratigraphic parts and to older gneissic basement. The eastern and western volcanic belts in question are petrogenetically ascribed to a "westerly inclined" (present geography) subduction zone(s) that produced shallower (east) to deeper (west), slab-initiated, mantle wedge-generated, parent magmas. This early stage microplate tectonic process involved modest mantle subduction depths, small tectonic plates, and small sialic cratons. In the larger context of Earth's progressively cooling, hence subduction-deepening mantle, this late Neoarchean greenstone belt development (2.73–2.66 Ga) merged with the massive end-Archean tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite–granite (TTGG) "bloom" (2.65–2.55 Ga), resulting in greatly enhanced craton stability. Successive subduction-deepening, plate-craton-enlarging stages, with appropriate metallotectonic response across succeeding Proterozoic time and beyond, led to modern-mode plate tectonics.

Fluid Composition and Source of Early Proterozoic Lode Gold Deposits of the Birimian Volcanic Belt, West Africa

1996 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reiner Klemd ◽  
Ulf Hünken ◽  
Martin Olesch
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Gold Deposits ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Lode Gold ◽  
Early Proterozoic ◽  
Lode Gold Deposits

Cambrian trilobites in central Newfoundland volcanic belt

1968 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshall Kay ◽  
Niles Eldredge
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
New World ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Atlantic Province ◽  
Volcanic Belts

SUMMARYThe discovery of species of Kootenia and Bailiella known from the Middle Cambrian of western Newfoundland (“Pacific Province”) and southeastern Newfoundland (“Atlantic Province”) in limestone within volcanic rocks near New World Island, eastern Notre Dame Bay, is the first demonstration of the presence of Cambrian in the volcanic belts in North America, and also shows the mixing of forms from the two provinces.

What triggered the early-stage eruption of the Emeishan large igneous province?

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1837-1856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bei Zhu ◽  
Zhaojie Guo ◽  
Shaonan Zhang ◽  
Ingrid Ukstins ◽  
Wei Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Plume ◽  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Large Igneous Province ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Emeishan Large Igneous Province ◽  
Igneous Province ◽  
Back Arc

Abstract The formation of the Emeishan large igneous province is widely regarded as being related to a mantle plume, but plate tectonics may also have played an important role. We analyzed the regional facies architecture of the early-stage subaqueous volcanic rocks of the central Emeishan large igneous province. The results suggest that these rocks were emplaced in a N-S–striking subaqueous rift, which existed immediately before the onset of volcanism and was persistently maintained during the early eruption stage. By linking this conclusion with the background information indicating that (1) the basaltic geochemistry in this section is indicative of a subcontinental lithospheric mantle source rather than a mantle plume source, and (2) the western Yangtze plate, where the Emeishan large igneous province was developed, was located in the back-arc region of the Permian Paleo-Tethys subduction system, we propose a new view that the early-stage eruptions of the Emeishan large igneous province were triggered by back-arc extension. The dominant functioning of the mantle plume occurred shortly after this process and inherited it, as evidenced by the following: (1) The subaqueous volcanic architecture showing back-arc geochemical affinity is laterally restricted in the presumed rift, but the overlying subaerial lavas showing plume-related geochemical features overwhelmingly flooded the whole province; (2) vertically, the source of the basaltic component in these intrarift sequences underwent a gradual transition from lithospheric origin to mantle plume origin along the stratigraphic order, as evidenced by an intercalated basaltic succession showing mixed geochemical features from the two contextual origins.

The Slave Province: a distinct Archean craton

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 2072-2086 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Padgham ◽  
W. K. Fyson
Keyword(s):  
Tectonic Evolution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Unique Feature ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Gold Deposits ◽  
Superior Province ◽  
Slave Province ◽  
Archean Crust ◽  
Distinct Features ◽  
Base Metal Mineralization

The Slave Province is a relatively small Late Archean craton that exhibits distinctive rock associations and structures. By comparison with the much larger Superior Province, differences are evident in (i) the abundance of sedimentary versus volcanic rocks and of felsic versus mafic volcanic rocks; (ii) the greater evidence for sialic basement; (iii) the higher proportion of more evolved potassium-rich granite; (iv) the type, setting, and timing of gold and base-metal mineralization; and (v) a regional zonation of gold deposits that seems to be a unique feature of the Slave Province. Contrasts in structure are also significant: the large-scale linear belts and boundaries (sutures?) that characterize the Superior Province have no obvious counterpart in the Slave Province. Despite some similarities with other Archean cratons, the distinct features of the Slave Province are important, for they imply that no single Archean craton should be used to develop a universal paradigm for the genesis and tectonic evolution of Archean crust.

scholarly journals About metallogeny of the pacific volcanic belts

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-35
Author(s):  
А. А. Sidorov ◽  
A. V. Volkov ◽  
А. L. Galyamov
Keyword(s):  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Island Arc ◽  
Ore Formation ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Volcanic Belts

The article discusses the actual aspects of the metallogeny of the Pacific volcanic belts (PVB), which are a complexes of volcanogenic-plutogenic formations associated with the development of the marginal lithosphere and has an expressive specificity of ore formation. It is shown that over time the notions of metallogenic homogeneity of PVB have received a new justification from the position of global plate tectonics. Metallogenic significance of Ag/Au relationships in ore deposits of the PVB is shown. The correlation between porphyry-epithermal and the VMS ore-forming systems, regenerated and rejuvenated epithermal deposits is discussed. Global metallogenic homogeneity of the Pacific ore belt suggests a wide development of analogues of American volcanogenic deposits in its Asian half, including in the North-East of Russia. The main part of the internal zone of the Okhotsko-Chukchi marginal volcanic belt the Udo-Murgal island-arc belt, as well as the Uyandino-Yasachensky and Oloysky volcanic belts, are similar in geological structure not only to the Japanese green tuffs province, but also to other Pacific volcanic zones of the island-arc type and, therefore, within their limits, there is a high probability of revealing the entire variety of deposits of the VMS ore-formation series.

A new look at the stratigraphy of the Yellowknife Supergroup at Yellowknife, N.W.T. — implications for the age of gold-bearing shear zones and Archean basin evolution

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Helmstaedt ◽  
W. A. Padgham
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Shear Zones ◽  
Gold Deposits ◽  
Spreading Center ◽  
Group Status ◽  
Slave Province ◽  
Lake Formation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Sea Floor Spreading ◽  
Gold Bearing

Based on recent detailed mapping, a revised stratigraphic column is proposed for the rocks of the Archean Yellowknife Supergroup in the Yellowknife greenstone belt. The mafic volcanic rocks of the Kam Formation, previously thought to represent the oldest supracrustal rocks of the belt, overlap remnants of an earlier volcanic–sedimentary sequence, here referred to as the Octopus Formation. As its enormous thickness makes it too unwieldy to be described as a single formation, the Kam Formation is raised to group status and subdivided into four formations. It is proposed that the Kam Group should replace the Beaulieu Group in the Yellowknife area. The Chan Formation, at the base of the Kam Group, consists of multiple gabbroic intrusions that were emplaced into a carapace of pillowed flows. The intrusions locally resemble sheeted mafic dyke complexes in Phanerozoic ophiolites, thought to represent evidence for sea-floor spreading. The Crestaurum Formation, which overlies the Chan Formation, is characterized by massive and pillowed flows interlayered with a number of laterally continuous cherts and felsic tuffs. The Townsite Formation consists of rhyodacite breccias interbedded with felsic tuffs and pillowed dacites. The Yellowknife Bay Formation, at the top of the Kam Group and comprising massive and pillowed flows with pillow breccias and numerous interflow sediments, contains all the important gold deposits mined at Yellowknife. The Banting Formation, directly overlying the Kam Group and consisting of mafic to felsic volcanics, is also given group status and subdivided into two formations. Conglomerates and sandstones of the Jackson Lake Formation, formerly thought to separate the Kam and Banting groups, are considered to represent the youngest rocks of the Yellowknife Supergroup near Yellowknife. Gold-bearing shear zones clearly postdate deposition of the Banting Group, making the rocks of this group a potential target for gold exploration. The presence of remnants of a possible spreading center at the base of the Kam Group suggests that plate-tectonic processes were active during the formation of Archean supracrustal basins in the Slave Province.

Stratigraphy, paleogeography, and tectonic setting of the Coldbrook Group in the Caledonia Highlands of southern New Brunswick

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1263-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Giles ◽  
A. A. Ruitenberg
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Arc Model ◽  
Basement Rocks ◽  
Northwestern Margin ◽  
Intracratonic Basin ◽  
Volcanic Belts

The late Precambrian Coldbrook volcanic sequence and stratigraphic equivalents in southern New Brunswick can be divided into three distinct belts. These have been named the Eastern, Central and Western Volcanic Belts.The Eastern Volcanic Belt, along the Bay of Fundy coast, is characterized by intensely deformed mafic and felsic flows, tuffs, and abundant related volcanogenic sediments. Two thick arkosic sedimentary units in this belt reflect extensive intervals of volcanic quiescence. Fine-grained siliceous siltstone and conglomerate, locally intercalated with these rocks, have probably been derived from erosion of older Precambrian basement rocks to the northwest.The Central Volcanic Belt is composed of generally weakly deformed felsic and lesser mafic flows, and coarse lithic tuffs (including ignimbrites), and very minor intercalated sediments. The almost complete lack of water-lain sediments and presence of ignimbrites suggests subaerial deposition for most of these volcanic rocks. The relationship between rocks of the Central and Eastern Volcanic Belts is one of facies equivalence. The Western Volcanic Belt is also composed of felsic and minor mafic flows and tuffs that resemble those of the Central Volcanic Belt, but they are intensely deformed. Minor volcanogenic sedimentary rocks are intercalated with the volcanic rocks along the northwestern margin of this belt.The nature and distribution of major lithofacies belts in the Coldbrook Group and stratigraphic equivalents appear to be consistent with deposition along the margin of an intracratonic basin. It is possible, however, that further work may prove an ensialic island arc model to be a viable alternative.

Plate tectonics and the detection of land-based biosignatures on Mars and extrasolar planets

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 175-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Parnell
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Extrasolar Planets ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Direct Examination ◽  
Chemical Defences ◽  
Sediment Types ◽  
Rocky Planets

On Earth, surface detritus has a quartz-rich mineralogy as a consequence of plate tectonics. Rocky planets without plate tectonics, like Mars, have surface detritus derived from volcanic rocks. There is a marked contrast in the transmission of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) through the upper few millimetres of the two sediment types. Quartz-rich sediment allows PAR to penetrate below the level where ultraviolet (UV) radiation is cut out, so represents a potential refuge for phototrophs at an early stage of evolution before chemical defences against UV radiation are developed. Opaque volcanogenic sediment does not allow significant transmission of radiation beneath the surface. There are consequences for the expression of biosignatures from phototrophs. In the case of direct examination as proposed for Mars, techniques such as Raman spectroscopy will be applicable only to surfaces rather than penetratively into the subsurface. When spectroscopic techniques can be applied to extrasolar planets, the chance of a vegetation signature will be enhanced if the early evolution of phototrophs has been facilitated by a subsurface refuge.

Studi Awal Geologi di Daerah Beruang Kanan Kabupaten Gunung Mas Propinsi Kalimantan Tengah

PROMINE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Retno Anjarwati ◽  
Arifudin Idrus ◽  
Lucas Donny Setijadji
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mineralization ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Gold Deposits ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Magmatic Arc ◽  
Tertiary Sediment ◽  
Copper Gold ◽  
Regional Tectonic ◽  
Mineralization Processes ◽  
High Yields

The regional tectonic conditions of the KSK Contract of Work are located in the mid-Tertiary magmatic arc (Carlile and Mitchell, 1994) which host a number of epithermal gold deposits (eg, Kelian, Indon, Muro) and significant prospects such as Muyup, Masupa Ria, Gunung Mas and Mirah. Copper-gold mineralization in the KSK Contract of Work is associated with a number of intrusions that have occupied the shallow-scale crust at the Mesozoic metamorphic intercellular junction to the south and continuously into the Lower Tertiary sediment toward the water. This intrusion is interpreted to be part of the Oligocene arc of Central Kalimantan (in Carlile and Mitchell 1994) Volcanic rocks and associated volcanoes are older than intrusions, possibly aged Cretaceous and exposed together with all three contacts (Carlile and Mitchell, 1994) some researchers contribute details about the geological and mineralogical background, and some papers for that are published for the Beruang Kanan region and beyond but no one can confirm the genesis type of the Beruang Kanan region The mineralization of the Beruang Kanan area is generally composed by high yields of epithermal sulphide mineralization. with Cu-Au mineralization This high epithermal sulphide deposition coats the upper part of the Cu-Au porphyry precipitate associated with mineralization processes that are generally controlled by the structure

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