Bacterial Counts of Commercial Fish Diets

1971 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1185-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Trust
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Pseudomonads ◽  
Total Count ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Fish Production ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Fish Diets ◽  
Thermophilic Species ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Spore Forming Bacteria ◽  
Representative Samples

Two diets formulated and offered for commercial fish production were examined to determine their microbial burden. The total count of aerobic bacteria ranged from 103 to 107 bacteria per gram of diet. The diets contained psychrophilic and thermophilic species and up to 104 aerobic and anaerobic spore-forming bacteria per gram. Enterococci and members of the Enterobacteriaceae, including species of Salmonella, were also present. Fluorescent pseudomonads were detected in 18 of the 47 samples tested, Proteolytic, amylolytic, lipolytic, and haemolytic organisms were shown to be present in measurable numbers. The total viable aerobic count did not change markedly on storage of representative samples at 4, 20, or 30 C.

Microbiological purity of syringes containing composites in the context of cross-infection prevention in dental practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
Joanna Bialowska ◽  
Witold Bojar ◽  
Tomasz Zareba ◽  
Stefan Tyski ◽  
Barbara Tymczyna-Borowicz
Keyword(s):  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Cross Infection ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Bodily Fluids ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
Dental Practices ◽  
Dental Offices ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

AbstractCross-infection involves the transmission of microorganisms through secretions, bodily fluids and excreta, as well as undisinfected surfaces and medical equipment. In the dental office, diseases are transmitted via various routes, e.g. from patient to dentist or other member of dental team, from doctor or dental team member to patient, from patient to another patient, from dental office to community and from community to patient. The study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of infection control in dental practices based on the qualitative and quantitative assessment of microbiological contaminants detected on the surface of filling material packaging used in dental offices. The material for research were 9 packages containing dental materials during their use in 3 dental settings. The packages were placed in sterile flasks and rinsed to wash microorganisms from the surfaces. The washes were filtered through membrane filters and cultured under proper aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and at elevated CO2 concentration. Microbial growth on TIO and TSB media was observed. The contamination of most samples remained low as indicated by the growth from one to a maximum of five colonies on TSA. The contamination remained at the level of 10-50 CFU/package, i.e. <100 CFU/single package. The tests evaluating the contamination of dental package surfaces with aerobic bacteria confirmed high hygiene standards observed in dental offices from which the packages were brought.

A survey of sources of heat-resistant bacteria in milk with particular reference to psychrotrophic spore-forming bacteria

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles H. McKinnon ◽  
Graham L. Pettipher
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Trend ◽  
Total Count ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Spore Count ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Summer Pasture ◽  
Bulk Tank ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Total Spore Count ◽  
Spore Forming Bacteria

SummarySamples of winter bedding and summer pasture, rinses of teats and milking equipment, and milk samples from bulk tanks from 4 farms were analysed bacteriologically for total count (TC), thermoduric count, total spore count (TSC) and psychrotrophic spore count (PSC).In bedding and pasture samples the TSC comprised the main component of the thermoduric flora but was less than 0·1 % of the TC. The PSC formed ∼ 1 % of the TSC in winter bedding and ∼23 % of the TSC in pasture. For pasture, the PSC: TSC ratio was highest for the upper layer of soil and lower for the grass and deeper layer of soil. The TSC formed 5% of the thermoduric flora in rinses of milking equipment and only a very low PSC was obtained. The TSC of farm bulk tank milks was higher in the winter than the summer but the PSC was similar in both seasons. This was due to an increase of ∼9 times in the PSC:TSC ratio for milks in summer compared with winter. The PSC in raw and commercially pasteurized milks from a local creamery showed a similar seasonal trend.

Quantitative Bacterial Cultures and Beta-Lactamase Activity in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

1989 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itzhak Brook ◽  
Paula Yocum
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Penicillin Therapy ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Aspiration of the exudate through open perforation was performed in 54 children with chronic suppurative otitis media. Eighty aerobic and 81 anaerobic isolates were recovered. Aerobic bacteria only were involved in 20 patients (37%), and anaerobic organisms only in seven (13%). Mixed aerobic and anaerobic isolates were recovered from 27 patients (50%). The most common bacteria isolated were anaerobic gram-positive cocci, Bacteroides melaninogenicus group, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus. There were 45 β-lactamase–producing bacteria (BLPB), 30 aerobes, and 15 anaerobes recovered from 38 patients (70%). β-Lactamase activity was detected in 30 of the 38 ear aspirates (79%) that contained BLPB. All but one of these organisms were in excess of 104 colony-forming units/mL. The detection of β-lactamase activity in the ear aspirates provides evidence of the role of BLPB in the failure of penicillin therapy to eradicate chronic ear infection.

scholarly journals ON THE NATURE OF SPOROGENESIS IN SOME AEROBIC BACTERIA

1952 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 907-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Hardwick ◽  
J. W. Foster
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Enzyme Synthesis ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Nitrogenous Substances ◽  
Enzyme Formation ◽  
Spore Forming Bacteria ◽  
Endogenous Process ◽  
Exogenous Source

Washed vegetative cells of various species of aerobic spore-forming bacteria sporulate abundantly when shaken in distilled water in air. The spores thus formed possess the same heat resistance as spores formed in a complete growth medium. Various factors influencing sporogenesis in water are described. Glucose in low concentration completely suppresses sporogenesis under these conditions and the suppression is relieved by the presence of ammonia as an exogenous source of nitrogen. Various amino acid and purine antimetabolite analogues inhibit sporogenesis and their inhibitory effects are completely reversed by much smaller amounts of the corresponding metabolites. Sporogenesis is thus regarded as a de novo synthesis of spore proteins from preexisting endogenous (enzyme) proteins. Cells low in protein fail to sporulate and the capacity of the cell to adaptively attack maltose and trehalose is strongly interfered with after the cell is irreversibly committed to sporulation, but not before that. Evidence is advanced supporting the hypothesis that sporogenesis is an endogenous process which commences when the supply of exogenous energy and carbon is depleted. It utilizes low molecular weight nitrogenous substances liberated by the degradation of preexisting enzyme proteins of the vegetative cell. Sporogenesis and adaptive enzyme formation are regarded as competitive synthetic processes, both utilizing endogenous enzyme proteins. The events of sporogenesis suggest that this process may be an adaptive protein synthesis, analogous to adaptive enzyme synthesis.

EFFECTS OF CARBON DIOXIDE AND VACUUM PACKAGING ON COLOR AND BACTERIAL COUNT OF MEAT

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Baran ◽  
A. A. Kraft ◽  
H. W. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Oxygen Permeability ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Fresh Meat ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Color Retention ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Laminated Material

Fresh hamburger was packaged under vacuum or in air in films having different oxygen permeability and stored in a display case at 5 C for 30 days. Bacon was packaged with a laminated material, under vacuum, in air or carbon dioxide, and similarly stored. Aerobic and anaerobic bacterial counts were made at various intervals. In addition, bacon was examined for Clostridium perfringens and lactobacilli. Color changes also were evaluated. Bacterial numbers increased on hamburger with either packaging method. However, growth of aerobes on vacuum-packaged meat was slower than growth on meat packaged in air. Anaerobes increased in numbers in hamburgers in evacuated packages after 3 days in storage and after 6 days in meat in unevacuated packages. Packaging bacon in carbon dioxide resulted in reduction of total numbers of aerobes and lactobacilli. Few C. perfringens were recovered. Color retention was improved for as long as 30 days with either vacuum or CO2 packaging, as compared with air controls. In general, growth of anaerobes occurred earlier on fresh meat packaged under vacuum than in air; the converse was true for aerobic bacteria. Carbon dioxide inhibited bacterial growth on packaged bacon and provided good color retention during storage.

Sanitation of fish farms and prevention of fish diseases by pond drying with the use of fish and grass rotation

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-384
Author(s):  
Наумова ◽  
A. Naumova ◽  
Наумова ◽  
A. Naumova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Silver Carp ◽  
Fish Farm ◽  
Fish Production ◽  
Fish Ponds ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Annual Frequency ◽  
One Year

Objective of research: to present the actuality and novelty of application of fish and grass “rotation” because this allows to reveal new data on pond drainage planning which is the most effective in sanitation of the fish farm. Materials and methods: to determine the most effective cycle for the summer drying of ponds, we studied ecological and epizootological features of fishing ponds, which had been used after drying within 1 and 5 years. As research object served 8 fish ponds: 4 drained ponds under crop (40 ha), 4 — overflowed (40 ha) and filled with one-year carps (2,5-З thousand ind./ha) and silver carps (1,2-1,4 thousand ind./ha). Results and discussion: The results of comparative research on anti-epizootic efficacy of pond drying at different periodicity of 1 and 5 years with the use of fish and grass “rotation” are provided. Data on decreased invasion of fishes (carp, silver carp) by parasites, absence of causative agents of infection, improved blood indicators, increased fish production at annual pond drying (with the use of fish and grass “rotation”) compared with the pond drying of 5 year periodicity are presented. Advantages of economic efficacy of the annual frequency of pond drying are confirmed: twice increased commercial fish production; reduced expenses for purchase of food (own barley and wheat production), drugs, disinfectants, fertilizers that allow increasing economic revenue and making profit.

Induction of vitellogenin production in male tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) by commercial fish diets

2009 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori K. Davis ◽  
Bradley K. Fox ◽  
Chhorn Lim ◽  
Naoshi Hiramatsu ◽  
Craig V. Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Mossambicus ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Fish Diets

Soldier fly larvae as feed in commercial fish production

Aquaculture ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Bondari ◽  
D.C. Sheppard
Keyword(s):  
Fish Production ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Fly Larvae

scholarly journals STUDY SOME PROPERTIES OF LOCAL AND STORM DUST PHENOMENA IN BAGHDAD CITY

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Alaa Saadi Aood ◽  
Noor Hasssony Jaddo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Total Count ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Monthly Average ◽  
Local Dust ◽  
The City

This investigation has been conducted to study some properties of local storm dust phenomena in Baghdad city. The monthly average of dust (g/m²)  in Baghdad  range from 10.2 g/m²  in Nov. to 43.7 g/m² in April.The local dust has a high Aerobic bacteria total count (Abtc) and O.M (% ) compare to the storm dust. This may be due to the contamination of dust particularly the local dust.The correlation  coefficients between Abtc (No./100ml) Organic Matter (O.M)%  and EC mmhos/cm, PH, Ca%,  Mg%, Na meq/100g, Na meq/100 g, K meq/100 g and dust, g/m²  have been done. The results indicate high relationships between Abtc ( No./ 100ml) Organic matter (O.M)%. The local dust (x) has high relationships with Abtc and O.M (% ) as examples. These  have the follow Equation s:1. O.M. % = 3.805 - 0.054 X, r =   0.9534,  describe the relation between O.M %  and the studied local dust(x). 2. Abtc  NO.  = -8.725E2 + 56.623 X, r =   0.7733, describe the relation between  Abtc  NO.  and the studied local dust(x). The local  dust  samples are more contaminated compare to the storm dust  samples in the city.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document