scholarly journals Coastal Upwelling and Oikopleura Occurrence ("Slub"): A Model and Potential Application to Inshore Fisheries

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 1729-1736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher T. Taggart ◽  
Kenneth T. Frank
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Daily Variation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fishing Gear ◽  
Wind Vector ◽  
Density Estimates ◽  
The Impact

Variations in the occurrence of Oikopleura spp. were strongly linked to the wind field and ensuing water temperatures in an inshore region of eastern Newfoundland during June–August of 1979 and 1981–83. Oikopleura foul inshore fishing gear with their discarded houses ("slub") and fluctuate in abundance from day to day as a function of wind-driven upwelling. Densities of Oikopleura in cold upwelling water during four years ranged between 20 and 800/m3. Oikopleura densities < 1/m3 occurred when upwelling ceased and warmer water occupied the inshore region. A simple model incorporating a daily averaged wind vector, Julian day, and growing degree-day explained 62% of the daily variation in Oikopleura abundance in 1979. The model yielded density estimates that were significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with observed densities in each of the other three years. We provide evidence that net fouling by Oikopleura in the inshore and maximum Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) catch is coincident and suggest that an annual hindcast index of slub intensity may help determine the impact of slub conditions on the inshore fishery.

Inhibitory effects of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) peptides on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro and osteoporosis in ovariectomized mice

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meilian Yang ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
Shuzhen Cheng ◽  
Yu Dong ◽  
Chao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is one of the most important fishes in the world with high nutritional value and economic value. However, the impact and underlying mechanism of the G....

Temperature and the recruitment of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 2069-2077 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Planque ◽  
T Frédou
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
The Other ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Interannual Fluctuations ◽  
The Relationship

Variability in the recruitment of fish has been attributed to either changes in the environment or variations in the size of reproductive stocks. Disentangling the effects of environment and stock has proven to be problematic and has resulted in recurrent controversy between studies supporting either hypothesis. In the present study, we examine the relationship between interannual changes in temperature and variation in recruitment for nine Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) stocks in the North Atlantic. We show that for individual stocks, the relationship often appears weak and statistically not significant. On the other hand, by combining in a single metaanalysis the results from individual stocks, we demonstrate that recruitment of Atlantic cod is linked to interannual fluctuations in temperature in such a way that for stocks located in warm water the relationship is negative, for stocks located in cold water the relationship is positive, and there is no relationship for stocks located in the middle of the temperature range.

The impact of a moderate chronic temperature increase on spleen immune-relevant gene transcription depends on whether Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) are stimulated with bacterial versus viral antigens

Genome ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 567-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago S. Hori ◽  
A. Kurt Gamperl ◽  
Gord Nash ◽  
Marije Booman ◽  
Ashoktaru Barat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Transcriptome Response ◽  
The Impact

Exposure to elevated temperature is an inherent feature of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) sea-cage culture in some regions (e.g., Newfoundland) and may also become an increasingly prevalent challenge for wild fish populations because of accelerated climate change. Therefore, understanding how elevated temperatures impacts the immune response of this commercially important species may help to reduce the potential negative impacts of such challenges. Previously, we investigated the impacts of moderately elevated temperature on the antiviral responses of Atlantic cod (Hori et al. 2012) and reported that elevated temperature modulated the spleen transcriptome response to polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (pIC, a viral mimic). Herein, we report a complementary microarray study that investigated the impact of the same elevated temperature regime on the Atlantic cod spleen transcriptome response to intraperitoneal (IP) injection of formalin-killed Aeromonas salmonicida (ASAL). Fish were held at two different temperatures (10 °C and 16 °C) prior to immune stimulation and sampled 6 and 24 h post-injection (HPI). In this experiment, we identified 711 and 666 nonredundant ASAL-responsive genes at 6HPI and 24HPI, respectively. These included several known antibacterial genes, including hepcidin, cathelicidin, ferritin heavy subunit, and interleukin 8. However, we only identified 15 differentially expressed genes at 6HPI and 2 at 24HPI (FDR 1%) when comparing ASAL-injected fish held at 10 °C versus 16 °C. In contrast, the same comparisons with pIC-injected fish yielded 290 and 339 differentially expressed genes (FDR 1%) at 6HPI and 24HPI, respectively. These results suggest that moderately elevated temperature has a lesser effect on the Atlantic cod spleen transcriptome response to ASAL (i.e., the antibacterial response) than to pIC (i.e., antiviral response). Thus, the impacts of high temperatures on the cod’s immune response may be pathogen dependent.

scholarly journals DNA Analysis Detects Different Mislabeling Trend by Country in European Cod Fillets

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1515
Author(s):  
Frederik Feldmann ◽  
Alba Ardura ◽  
Carmen Blanco-Fernandez ◽  
Eva Garcia-Vazquez
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
The Other ◽  
The World ◽  
European Regulations ◽  
The One ◽  
European Markets

Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, is a highly appreciated fish in European seafood markets and is one of the most substituted fish species in the world. Fraud have been detected in European markets in the last decade, finding different substitute species sold as G. morhua or Atlantic cod on the label. In this study, we analyzed 252 samples of fresh and frozen cod fillets sold in Germany, the Netherlands, and France using DNA barcoding. Different trends were found in different countries: while the level of mislabeling found in Germany and the Netherlands remained at zero in the last years, a significant increase was found in the French markets comparing the current results with previous studies on fillets in France. On the one hand, this mislabeling proves the need to encourage European efforts to control seafood authenticity; on the other, zero mislabeling in two countries shows the success of current European regulations.

Enclosing the Fisheries: People, Places, and Power

2008 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Labor Economic ◽  
Individual Transferable Quota ◽  
Structural Environment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

<em>Abstract</em>.—By the 1990s, widespread fisheries restructuring triggered by the implementation of the individual transferable quota (ITQ) system and market-derived impacts of globalization had occurred in most aspects of the Icelandic fishery sector. The consequences of privatization of fishery resources have transformed management in regulating access to the resource, processing, corporate ideology, and the reproduction of labor. Economic rationality, marketability, efficiency, and managerial innovations in effect are both the mantra and imperative accompanying concentration and consolidation. Social and environmental costs are widely observable in many coastal communities that were the former lifeblood of the Icelandic economy. This chapter presents an account of the policy implications of cutbacks in Atlantic cod <em>Gadus morhua </em>allocations and discusses their effect on coastal communities around Iceland. It will focus on the response of fishery companies to a changed structural environment, as well as their role in shaping the new sector with special emphasis on the economic rationale of leading seafood companies. In this context, this chapter explores the impact of the transformation in the fisheries sector on effects of the ITQ system on stocks; on fishing and fishers; on the processing sector; on labor, particularly that of women; and on communities.

Comparison of Changes in Trimethylamine, Dimethylamine, and Extractable Protein in Iced and Frozen Gadoid Fillets

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1246-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Castell ◽  
W. E. Neal ◽  
J. Dale
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
The Other ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Extractable Protein ◽  
Frozen Fish ◽  
Silver Hake ◽  
Merluccius Bilinearis

When fillets of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), pollock (Pollachius virens), cusk (Brosme brosme), and silver hake (Merluccius bilinearis) were iced and the opposite fillets frozen, large amounts of trimethylamine were rapidly produced in the iced fish but none was formed in the frozen fish within 60 days. Hake produced large, similar amounts of dimethylamine (DMA) in iced and frozen fillets. The other three species produced more DMA in the frozen than in the iced fillets, but always much less than in the hake. In both frozen and iced fish the production of DMA was accompanied by a corresponding decrease in extractable protein nitrogen.

scholarly journals Temporal changes in the gut microbiota in farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) outweigh the response to diet supplementation with macroalgae

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Keating ◽  
M. Bolton-Warberg ◽  
J. Hinchcliffe ◽  
R. Davies ◽  
S. Whelan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Feed Supplement ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Gut Morphology ◽  
Core Microbiome ◽  
Fish Condition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Time Point

Abstract Background Aquaculture successfully meets global food demands for many fish species. However, aquaculture production of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is just 2.5% of total market production. For cod farming to be a viable economic venture specific challenges on how to increase growth, health and farming productivity need to be addressed. Feed ingredients play a key role here. Macroalgae (seaweeds) have been suggested as a functional feed supplement with both health and economic benefits for terrestrial farmed animals and fish. The impact of such dietary supplements to cod gut integrity and microbiota, which contribute to overall fish robustness is unknown. The objective of this study was to supplement the diet of juvenile Atlantic cod with macroalgae and determine the impacts on fish condition and growth, gut morphology and hindgut microbiota composition (16S rRNA amplicon sequencing). Fish were fed one of three diets: control (no macroalgal inclusion), 10% inclusion of either egg wrack (Ascophyllum nodosum) or sea lettuce (Ulva rigida) macroalgae in a 12-week trial. Results The results demonstrated there was no significant difference in fish condition, gut morphology or hindgut microbiota between the U. rigida supplemented fish group and the control group at any time-point. This trend was not observed with the A. nodosum treatment. Fish within this group were further categorised as either ‘Normal’ or ‘Lower Growth’. ‘Lower Growth’ individuals found the diet unpalatable resulting in reduced weight and condition factor combined with an altered gut morphology and microbiome relative to the other treatments. Excluding this group, our results show that the hindgut microbiota was largely driven by temporal pressures with the microbial communities becoming more similar over time irrespective of dietary treatment. The core microbiome at the final time-point consisted of the orders Vibrionales (Vibrio and Photobacterium), Bacteroidales (Bacteroidetes and Macellibacteroides) and Clostridiales (Lachnoclostridium). Conclusions Our study indicates that U. rigida macroalgae can be supplemented at 10% inclusion levels in the diet of juvenile farmed Atlantic cod without any impact on fish condition or hindgut microbial community structure. We also conclude that 10% dietary inclusion of A. nodosum is not a suitable feed supplement in a farmed cod diet.

scholarly journals Sonic tracking of wild cod, Gadus morhua, in an inshore region of the Bay of Fundy: a contribution to understanding the impact of cod farming for wild cod and endangered salmon populations

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 1364-1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Brooking ◽  
Gino Doucette ◽  
Steve Tinker ◽  
Frederick G. Whoriskey
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Release Point ◽  
Passamaquoddy Bay ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Migration Corridor ◽  
Sea Cage ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Sea cage trials of Atlantic cod farming have begun in the Bay of Fundy region. We fitted inshore wild cod (n = 10) captured in the Quoddy region with sonic tags during the late summer of 2004 to provide data on their temporal and spatial residency and habitat usage, with a view to understanding the potential for impact between escaped farmed cod and wild cod and other fish species, particularly Atlantic salmon. Most of the tagged cod remained within a restricted corridor in the inshore zone, occupied deep water (75–130 m) within several kilometres of the release point, and undertook local movements. Three cod undertook more extensive movements; one fish emigrated offshore immediately, and two fish moved as far as 14 km from the release point before returning, 52–54 h later, to the area in which the other cod were located. The mean residence time in the inshore zone was 55 days. In the late autumn, there was a staggered pattern of departure from the coastal zone, although one fish over-wintered in Passamaquoddy Bay. Three of the nine cod that migrated offshore in autumn 2004 returned within a three-week period in May 2005, after a mean absence of 172 days, and reoccupied the inshore region inhabited the previous year. These cod left the region again after a mean residence of 120 days during the spring and summer. The presence of some of the tagged cod in the principal migration corridor for wild salmon smolts during the period of their migration suggests that escapes from cod farms could result in increased predation on salmon smolts from endangered populations.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of buffer towing on the quality of Northeast Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) caught with a bottom trawl

2018 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 209-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Brinkhof ◽  
Roger B. Larsen ◽  
Bent Herrmann ◽  
Stein H. Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Bottom Trawl ◽  
Northeast Atlantic ◽  
The Impact
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