Copper Intoxication in Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) Induced by Natural Springwater: Effects on Gill Na+, K+-ATPase, Hematocrit, and Plasma Glucose

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1430-1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian R. Beckman ◽  
Waldo S. Zaugg
Keyword(s):  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Chloride Cells ◽  
Copper Intoxication ◽  
Exposure Conditions

Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) parr and smolts were exposed to natural springwater with an elevated copper concentration. Gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity in parr was unaffected by 18 h of exposure, while significant inhibition was found in smolts. Under the same exposure conditions, significant increases in hematocrit and plasma glucose were found in both parr and smolts. The results suggest that only the Na+, K+-ATPase enzyme associated with chloride cells in the gill of smolts is susceptible to inhibition by copper, thus explaining the lack of enzyme inhibition found in parr.

Genetic, Environmental, and Interaction Effects on Growth and Stress Response of Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) Fry

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Heath ◽  
Nicholas J. Bernier ◽  
John W. Heath ◽  
George K. Iwama
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interactions ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Wet Weight

Eight full- and half-sib families of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were held during egg development at two temperatures (8.0 and 10.2 °C). As fry, these families were measured for relative growth rate, initial and final wet weight, hematocrit values before and 2 h after a 30-s handling stress, and plasma cortisol and glucose concentrations before and after stress. Significant sire effects were found for all measured traits, and significant dam effects were found for all traits except for the poststress increases in cortisol concentrations. There were significant genotype-by-environment interactions for all traits except unstressed (control) plasma glucose concentrations. Incubation temperature had a significant effect on relative growth rate and final wet weight only. We found a significant correlation between poststress plasma glucose concentration and relative growth rate for all fish, independent of family, while resting plasma cortisol concentration and poststress hematocrit correlated with wet weight only when analyzed within the eight individual families. Genetic contributions to stress-related parameters and genotype-by-environment interactions should be considered as a factor in stress-related research with fish.

Smolt Transformation and Seaward Migration in 0-Age Progeny of Adult Spring Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) Matured Early with Photoperiod Control

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 885-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Zaugg ◽  
J. E. Bodle ◽  
J. E. Manning ◽  
E. Wold
Keyword(s):  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Seaward Migration ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Photoperiod Control

Maturation of hatchery-held adult spring-run chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) was accelerated by decreasing photoperiods. Spawning occurred 1 mo earlier than with nontreated fish. Because of early hatching, progeny from the photoperiod regulated adults were larger and exhibited signs of parr–smolt transformation such as changes in coloration and behavior, elevation of gill Na+-K+ ATPase activity, and active seaward migration at age 0, nearly 1 yr prior to usual releases of juveniles from normally spawned adults.

Influence of Size, Growth Rate, and Photoperiod on Cyclic Changes in Gill (Na + K)–ATPase Activity in Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Ewing ◽  
H. J. Pribble ◽  
S. L. Johnson ◽  
C. A. Fustish ◽  
J. Diamond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Small Peak ◽  
Size Growth ◽  
Growth Change ◽  
Cyclic Changes

Juvenile spring chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) (Rogue River stock) were reared in constant 8 °C well water under artificial lighting with photoperiods adjusted to Medford, Oregon. Juveniles were divided into six groups according to the amount of food provided. Growth (change in fork length per day) was linear from July through December for all six groups. Three distinct patterns of gill (Na + K)–ATPase activity were observed in these groups. In the two groups fed the largest rations, a peak in activity in October was observed with a smaller peak in July. Fish fed the smallest rations showed no increase in gill (Na + K)–ATPase activity throughout the year. At intermediate rations, there was a small peak in July but no peak in October. A growth rate of less than 0.027 cm/d appeared to suppress the October peak in gill (Na + K)–ATPase activity. Fish with higher growth rates showed peaks in activity in either October or NovemberKey words: chinook salmon, (Na + K)–ATPase, growth, photoperiod, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

Temperature and Photoperiod Effects on Gill (Na + K)–ATPase Activity in Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

1979 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 1347-1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Ewing ◽  
S. L. Johnson ◽  
H. J. Pribble ◽  
J. A. Lichatowich
Keyword(s):  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
First Year ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Cyclic Changes ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
Response To Water

Juvenile Rogue River spring Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) reared at two temperatures and photoperiods for a 2-yr period were examined for cyclic changes in gill (Na + K)–ATPase specific activity. Three peaks in activity were observed: a peak in October of the first year, a second higher peak the following May, and a peak in October of the second year. Exposure to photoperiods artificially advanced 3 mo (July–October) suppressed the October peak during the first year, but did not greatly alter the subsequent two peaks in activity. The temperature at which the fish were reared did not directly affect the changes in enzyme activity. However, growth rates varied in response to water temperature. Altered growth rates resulted in differences in the cyclic changes in gill (Na + K)-activated ATPase activity in the two temperature groups. A threshold of 8 cm was suggested as the minimal size at which the fish could respond to the appropriate photoperiod by altering the gill (Na + K)–ATPase activity. Key words: (Na + K)–ATPase, chinook salmon, temperature, photoperiod, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha.

Effect of temperature and current manipulation on smolting in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha): the relationship between migratory behaviour and physiological development

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory E. Sykes ◽  
J. Mark Shrimpton
Keyword(s):  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
The Relationship

We investigated the role of temperature and current on migration pattern and physiological change in Chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ) smolts. Chinook parr were implanted with passive integrated transponder tags and placed in circular tanks with directional current. Paired antennas in each tank allowed for the monitoring of movements with or against the current. Two temperature regimes, naturally increasing (warm) and constant (cool), were combined with high current (>0.5 m·s–1) and low current (<0.1 m·s–1) to create four experimental treatments. At 2-week intervals, fish were sampled for gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity and plasma cortisol concentration. Increasing temperature resulted in an earlier peak in movement than colder groups and showed a distinct peak in gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity. Current did not influence physiological parameters associated with smolting and was not found to initiate movement; movement was related to accumulated thermal units (ATU). The presence of a strong, directional current, however, resulted in a period of more defined movement, suggesting a possible influence of current once migration is underway. A combination of either photoperiod or ATU with gill Na+,K+-ATPase was most strongly linked to movement. ATU was also found to be more strongly correlated with the smolting process than daily mean temperature.

Systematic hexamitid (Protozoa: Diplomonadida) Infection in seawater pen-reared Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML Kent ◽  
J Ellis ◽  
JW Fournie ◽  
SC Dawe ◽  
JW Bagshaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha

Effect of salted-drying on bioactive compounds and microbiological changes during the processing of karasumi-like Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) roe product

2021 ◽  
Vol 357 ◽  
pp. 129780
Author(s):  
Senni Bunga ◽  
Mirja Kaizer Ahmmed ◽  
Alan Carne ◽  
Alaa El-Din Ahmed Bekhit
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha
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