Effect of Dietary Ascorbate on the Concentration of Tissue Ascorbic Acid, Dehydroascorbic Acid, Ascorbic Sulfate, and Activity of Ascorbic Sulfate Sulfohydrolase in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1518-1525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Dabrowski ◽  
Reinhard Lackner ◽  
Cristine Doblander
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Kidney Liver

The concentrations of ascorbic acid in several tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are significantly influenced by various dietary treatments. Ascorbic acid was taken up readily by erythrocytes, kidney, liver, intestine, spleen, and brain in fish fed an ascorbate supplemented diet (AA group), the concentration being from 1.5 to 14.8-fold higher than in fish fed a diet lacking ascorbate (control group). In fish fed a diet supplemented with an equimolar amount of ascorbic acid in the form of ascorbic sulfate (AS group) the ascorbic acid concentrations in kidney, intestine, and erythrocytes were significantly elevated above those of the control group. Ascorbic sulfate was found in kidney, liver, and intestine of the AS group, but not in other groups. In fish fed a diet devoid of vitamin C the ascorbic acid concentrations in kidney, liver, intestine, and spleen were signficantly lower than in fasting fish over the same period of time (28 d), suggesting a high demand for vitamin C in an actively feeding animal. Salmonid fish are therefore probably unable to utilize ascorbic sulfate sufficiently to prevent the appearance of vitamin C deficiency, and thus resemble scurvy-prone mammals in this respect.

Protective role of ascorbic acid against damage to male germ cells in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Ciereszko ◽  
Konrad Dabrowski ◽  
Feng Lin ◽  
Li Liu
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Plasma Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Male Germ Cells ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Low Levels

Low antioxidant levels have been implicated in damage to sperm DNA. We used a teleost fish to test if low paternal vitamin C status may cause mutations to the sperm and birth defects. During spermatogenesis, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) males were fed diets with graded levels of ascorbic acid derivative that were below and severalfold higher than those required for maximum growth. This treatment resulted in corresponding changes in levels of vitamin C in seminal plasma. We found that low levels of vitamin C in seminal plasma of rainbow trout were associated with a high percentage of abnormal embryos in the offspring. Among abnormal embryos, 34.8% were haploids or aneuploids, as revealed by flow cytometric measurement of DNA content. We found that UV-irradiated sperm gave rise to progeny with abnormalities similar to those resulting from sperm with low levels of antioxidants in seminal plasma. Ascorbic acid applied directly to semen did not prevent damage due to UV irradiation. These results provide the first experimental evidence that the lack or low levels of ascorbic acid in semen correlate with damage to male germ cells.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) Supplementation on Post-Thaw Motility and Fertility of Cryopreserved Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Sperm

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1348-1352
Author(s):  
Uğur Yavuz ◽  
Yusuf Bozkurt
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Dmso Concentration ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Supplementation

Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) is one of the important antioxidants, which naturally present in seminal plasma of fish. On the other hand, whether its effect may improve sperm quality following cryopreservation process still remains its uncertainty. Thus, the present study aimed to analyse the effect of different extenders supplemented with different ascorbic acid concentrations on post-thaw motility and fertility of frozen-thawed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) sperm. Selected sperm samples were pooled and diluted at 1:3 ratios with two different extenders (E) composing such as (E-1) 300 mM glucose, 10% egg yolk and 10% DMSO and (E-2) 0.6 mM sucrose and 10% DMSO. Each extender was supplemented with vitamin C at 1, 5 and 10 mM concentrations. Following dilution, the sperm was loaded into 0.25 ml straws and frozen in liquid nitrogen vapour. The straws were then plunged into liquid nitrogen for storage. Fertilization was carried out using the dry fertilization technique. Highest post-thaw motility (50±5.77) and fertilization (56±1.00) results were obtained with the extender-1 (E-1) containing 10% DMSO concentration. In conclusion, the present study indicated that addition of ascorbic acid to the extenders improved rainbow trout sperm motility resulting higher fertilization of the eggs.

Interactions among Antioxidant Defenses in Liver of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Exposed to Cadmium

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Palace ◽  
H. S. Majewski ◽  
J. F. Klaverkamp
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Cd Exposure ◽  
Erythrocyte Fragility

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (mean weight 180 ± 10 g) fed diets deficient in ascorbic acid, tocopherol, both, or neither were exposed to one of three cadmium concentrations (0, 2, or 4 μg Cd/L). After 181 d of exposure, liver and whole blood were sampled. Cadmium exposure was found to significantly increase the Cd content in liver, especially in fish fed a diet deficient in ascorbic acid. Hepatic stores of ascorbic acid decreased in fish exposed to Cd and in fish fed diets deficient in tocopherol and ascorbic acid. Depletion of tocopherol in liver occurred only in those fish fed a diet deficient in tocopherol and exposed to Cd. Superoxide dismutase activity in liver increased with Cd exposure and with dietary deficiencies of tocopherol and ascorbic acid, while catalase was inhibited by exposure to Cd alone. Glutathione peroxidase activity was unaffected by Cd but was lower in fish fed a diet deficient in both tocopherol and ascorbic acid. Erythrocyte fragility, measured by spontaneous hemolysis of red blood cells in physiological saline, was increased by Cd exposure and the deficiencies of dietary tocopherol and ascorbic acid.

scholarly journals Immune Response of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to Selected Antigens of Yersinia ruckeri

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Unal Ispir ◽  
H. Bayram Gokhan ◽  
Mikail Ozcan ◽  
Mustafa Dorucu ◽  
Naim Saglam
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Yersinia Ruckeri ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Fish Group

In this study, effects of Yersinia ruckeri antigens on the immune mechanisms of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were examined. The weight of the 120 fish used in this study was 20–30 g. After injecting 1 mg of formalin-inactivated whole cells (FKC) and O-antigen (Ag-O) intraperitoneally, blood was taken from the caudal vein of anaesthetized fish and metabolic activity of leukocytes (Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) activities), phagocytic activity (PA), phagocytic index (PI), serum protein and serum total immunoglobulin (TIg) levels were determined on day 30 after the first immunization. The same procedure was conducted in the control group. In all the experimental groups, considerable increases in the immune indicators were found and significant differences detected between the control and experimental groups (p < 0.05). Metabolic activity of leukocytes decreased significantly (p < 0.05) during the following treatment with antigens compared to the control fish group.

Competition for space and food in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, as related to ascorbic acid status

Aquaculture ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 180 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H Blom ◽  
K Dabrowski ◽  
J.D Rapp ◽  
Y Sakakura ◽  
K Tsukamoto
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Competition For Space ◽  
Acid Status

scholarly journals Effects of dietary ascorbic acid levels on cholesterol metabolism in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1345-1353
Author(s):  
Jun‐Ming Deng ◽  
Xin‐Dang Zhang ◽  
Jian‐Wei Zhang ◽  
Bao‐Liang Bi ◽  
Heng‐Zhi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

scholarly journals Antioxidant responses and plasma biochemical characteristics in the freshwater rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, after acute exposure to the fungicide propiconazole

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.-H. Li ◽  
V. Zlabek ◽  
J. Velíšek ◽  
R. Grabic ◽  
J. Machová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Responses ◽  
Stress Indices ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Plasma Enzymes ◽  
Plasma Characteristics ◽  
The Brain

In this study, the toxic effects of PCZ, a triazole fungicide present in aquatic environment, were studied in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, by an acute toxicity test. Compared to the control group, fish exposed to PCZ (96-h-LC50, 5.04 mg/l) showed significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) plasma NH3 and GLU concentration and the activities of plasma enzymes including CK, ALT, AST, LDH, but the TP content was not significantly different (P &gt; 0.05). The oxidative stress indices (levels of LPO and CP) of brain and muscle in the experimental group were higher compared to the control group, especially for a significant change (P &lt; 0.05) in the brain. SOD, CAT, GPx and GR activity in the brain of experimental groups was significantly lower (P &lt; 0.05), however, an opposite tendency was found out in muscle. In addition, there are significant correlations between TBARS and CAT, TBARS and GPx, CP, and CAT, GR, and GPx in the fish brain. Thus, PCZ exposure changed the oxidative stress indices and plasma characteristics, and these changes may be used as potential bioindicators of the exposure and effect of PCZ in the controlled experiment. The use in monitoring of PCZ exposure under natural field conditions is possible, but it needs further investigations.

Absorption of Ascorbic Acid and Ascorbic Sulfate and their Interaction with Minerals in the Digestive Tract of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 1952-1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Dabrowski ◽  
G. Köck
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Concentration Factor ◽  
Food Level ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Posterior Intestine ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Intestinal Contents ◽  
Concentration Factors

The sites of absorption of ascorbic acid (AA) in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) gut were located in the stomach (20.7%), pyloric caecae region (23.4%), middle intestine (21.9%) and posterior intestine (20.1%). Ascorbic sulfate (AS) were found to be absorbed in the stomach (27.7%) although it is likely that the figure obtained is an overestimate. This conclusion is based on the concentration factor of the intestinal contents (faeces/food ratio) being much higher for ascorbic sulfate than for an external dietary marker, chromic oxide. The apparent protein absorption rates from the three diets used were not significantly different (P < 0.01), ranging from 86.9 to 91.5%. Three subsequent samplings, one week apart, did not reveal changes in AA or AS absorption in trout, suggesting that fish were neither "saturated" with AA nor had they developed the means to utilize the dietary AS. In most cases, the mineral contents in faeces were similar for all diets, although the concentration factors (faeces/food level), varied greatly during the course of the trial (1.9–7.1 for Zn, 1.8–4.9 for Fe, and 2.4–3.7 for Cu). The concentrations of Fe and Zn in the contents of the posterior intestine were lower in the fish fed an AA-supplemented diet than in fish fed on AS and deficient diets, which may suggest an increased absorption of these elements.

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