The Chignecto ship railway: a 19th century engineering innovation

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-177
Author(s):  
M. C. Ircha
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Hydraulic Lift ◽  
Canadian Society ◽  
Private Company ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Marine Transport ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Receiving Waters ◽  
Operating Subsidy ◽  
Pump House

Just over a century ago, work commenced on the Chignecto Marine Transport Railway across the Isthmus of Chignecto. The ship railway involved the use of a hydraulic lift to raise large ships on a wheeled cradle. The cradle and the ship were to be towed across the Isthmus by two locomotives and then hydraulically lowered into the receiving waters. The project would transfer ships quicker and be less expensive than building a canal. A private company built the ship railway with the promise of an operating subsidy from the federal government. Financial problems brought the work to a standstill in August 1891. Despite what appeared to be a temporary setback, international economic and national political events prevented completion of the project. Today, the remains of the railbed, an arch culvert, and the foundations of the pump house are all that are left of this 19th century engineering innovation.The contemporary technical literature detailed many of the engineering feats at Chignecto. In 1891, Henry Ketchum, the New Brunswick engineer responsible for the concept and design, presented two concurrent papers on the ship railway to the Canadian Society of Civil Engineers. This paper documents the development of Chignecto Marine Transport Railway. Key words: history, civil engineering, Canadian, shipping, canals, marine railway, and politics.

scholarly journals Los principios pedagógicos de los clérigos de San Viator y su implantación en el panorama escolar asturiano (1912-1941)

2020 ◽  
pp. 463
Author(s):  
Andrés Martínez Cardín
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
The Political ◽  
Central Spain ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
North Central ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Neighbouring Country ◽  
The City

The presence in Spain of the French congregations devoted to education comes determined by the political events that took place during the III Republic in the neighbouring country starting at the end of 19th century. Like many others, , clergymen from San Viator, a congregation founded by the French priest Luis Querbes and devoted to education since 1851, arrived in Spain in 1903 with the aim of finding refuge and continuing their educational work. After settling  at a first stage in the city of Vitoria (Basque Country, Spain), they soon developed a program of foundations in the nearby surroundings which culminated with their establishment of a centre in Asturias (north-central Spain). With the approval of the diocese and the parish, they opened their first school in 1912, in the Asturian village of Cangas de Onís, which was soon followed by other twin foundations in Ribadesella and Infiesto. Our article undertakes to review their presence in the area - largely  ignored today in the school scene of our region - by analysing those pedagogic principles which inspired their dedication to the school, their educational offer and their capacity for innovating and adapting to the interests of an industrial society aspiring to secure a top-class education for their pupils. For this commitment they used, among other things the regional press as an advertising resource that was able to guarantee them the prestige attained in the region along their educational journey.  

scholarly journals Upper Canada Preserved

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
Nathan Ewen
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
War Of 1812 ◽  
Upper Canada ◽  
Canadian Society ◽  
Canadian Identity ◽  
Conscious Effort ◽  
Citizen Soldiers ◽  
Upper Canadian

Following the end of the War of 1812, there was a conscious effort on the part of prominent Upper Canadians to immortalize the deeds and contributions of the Canadian Militia. Hugely overstating their meagre efforts,  these figures claimed the lions share of victory for the citizen soldiers, ignoring the far more meaningful and significant effect that British redcoats and Indigenous warriors had in defeating the Americans. By creating this myth these prominent men, many of whom served in the militia, sought to enrich and entrench their positions in Upper Canadian society. Additionally, this Militia Myth helped form a new sense of Canadian identity (a specifically British version of it), that would be crucial in fostering a new nationalism that would emerge in mid-19th century Upper Canada.

scholarly journals ON SOME ASPECTS OF ETHNO-DEMOGRAPIHICPROCESSES IN NORTH AZERBAIJAN IN THE 19th CENTURY

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahir Shahbazov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Local People ◽  
Peace Treaty ◽  
Demographic Structure ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
New Settlements

After the agreements signed between tsarist Russia and Iran and Turkey in the 19th century (The Gulustan Peace Treaty of 1813, Turkmenchay Peace Treaty of 1828 and Edirne Peace Treaty (The Treaty of Adrianople) of 1829), very serious political processes took place in NorthAzerbaijan. As a result of the tsarism’s resettlement policy, which served the plan to Russify and Christianize the region, a large number of Germans, Russians, Armenians, Poles, Greeks and other ethnic groups were resettled in the region. New settlements and villages were built for some of them, and some of them were settled on lands, villages and settlements belonging to local people. This, in turn, led to the migration of the local population, leaving their ancestral lands. Bazing on sources and literature is made attempts in the article to analyze these political events that have a significant impact on the ethno-demographic structure of North Azerbaijan.

scholarly journals Die Ereignisse des Vormärz im Literarischen Schaffen des kompromisslosen Schriftstellers und Publizisten Robert Eduard Prutz

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (XXI) ◽  
pp. 173-186
Author(s):  
Renata Trejnowska-Supranowicz
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Political Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Writing ◽  
Important Means ◽  
History Of Journalism ◽  
The 19Th Century

Born in Szczecin, Robert Eduard Prutz (1816-1872) enjoyed considerable pop-ularity as a creator of the pre-March period poetry, as a journalist working for HallischeJahrbücher, one of influential publications of that time, and as a literary historian and expert on the history of journalism. Prutz’s life and work coincided with the society’s great dissatisfaction with the ossified absolutist system; literature in the 19th century constituted an important means of communication linking the text, the reader, and the historical context. In the poems and plays completed before the March revolution, the writer aimed at shaping the readers’ awareness, especially in terms of bringing down the feudal system. In this article Prutz’s selected works are used to demonstrate the ways in which he was able to address specific political events and the extent to which a given piece of literature could be treated as political writing. More specifically, several poems and the novel titled Das Engelchen, that refer to specific political events which occurred between the Congress of Vienna and the March Revolution, are analysed.

scholarly journals AKUSHA-DARGO IN RUSSIA’S POLICY IN DAGESTAN IN THE FIRST THIRD OF THE 19th CENTURY

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
B G Aliev ◽  
O A Murtazaev
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Peace Treaty ◽  
Political Structure ◽  
Mountain Communities ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Active Policy

The article deals with the activity of one of the most well-known, influential and active political structures of Dagestan at the end of the 18th - the first half of the 19th cc. - the federation of Dargin unions of rural communities Akusha-Dargo. It was the period of active policy of Russia in Dagestan, which began after the conclusion of the Küçük Kaynardzha peace treaty with Turkey. Dagestan people generally sympathized with intensification of Russia’s policy. But there were rulers, in particular Shikhali Khan of Derbent and Surkhay Khan II of Gazikumukh, who pursued an anti-Russian policy, involving in this process other rulers and mountain communities and, of course, Akusha-Dargo, as the most influential political structure of Dagestan. Akusha-Dargo was closely associated with Shikhali Khan of Derbent and took an active part in his anti-Russian policy. Therefore, Akusha-Dargo was the focus of attention of the Caucasian command: it was mentioned in dozens of orders, reports, dispatches, letters, and instructions from all the commanders in the Caucasus, who closely followed the behavior of the Dargins, fervently discussing their participation in the anti-Russian policy of various rulers; in the reports and dispatches to Emperor Nicholas I and military ministers. The Caucasian command informed them of the activity of Akusha-Dargo, characterizing it as the most powerful political structure, which has a great influence on feudal rulers and mountain societies, and its role and significance in political events and the situation in Dagestan was emphasized in various documents. The article contains the material that reveals the role and importance of Akusha-Dargo in the political life of Dagestan in the thirties of the 19th century.

scholarly journals L’ITALIANO DEI FRANCESI NEI PRIMI ANNI DELL’OTTOCENTO

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Colombo
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
French Empire ◽  
Dramatic Criticism ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Political Events ◽  
First French Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

During the 19th Century, many French literary works exhibit the fascination and appeal of Italy and contain numerous insertions written in Italian. On the other hand, during their stay in Italy, French writers and intellectuals often contributed to local periodicals or were welcomed into Italian Academies. Among these authors, Giovanni Salvatore De Coureil and Aimé Guillon, who are the object of this study, are famous mainly for their controversies with Monti and Foscolo. However, they also published interesting works the different linguistic and aesthetical, (both Italian and French), codes, examined with reference to the various political events relating to both Countries, from the First French Empire to Bourbon Restauration. A brief analysis of these writings illustrates their thematic variety that deals with literary and dramatic criticism as well as translation issues, in which heteroglossia phenomena intertwine with interculturalism.

scholarly journals Literaturnyy obraz dytynstva v chasy kryzy XX–XXI st./

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Jakubowska-Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
War Literature ◽  
World War ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Literary Images ◽  
The 19Th Century

The monograph analyses literary images of difficult childhood from the end of the 19th century to modern times. The authors look at different subject matters from various perspectives. The most important of them are: the problem of establishing identity in times of turmoil or individual crises, the influence of social and political events on the image of childhood and childhood in war literature (which concerns World War II and subsequent conflicts, including the current one in Ukraine).

scholarly journals The Prague Burgher Library of J. D. Arbeiter in the Cultural and Social Context of the Time

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
Monika Vlasáková
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Book Production ◽  
Grammar School ◽  
Entire Life ◽  
Poor Students ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Related Development ◽  
Personal Library ◽  
The 19Th Century

The library preserved in the collections of the Hussite Museum in Tábor is a reflection of the life of the Prague burgher and pharmacist Jan Dobromil Arbeiter (1794–1870). In the context of three quarters of the 19th century, it testifies to the emergence of the National Revival, the renewed interest in the Czech language and the related development of Czech theatre. J. D. Arbeiter was an important Prague burgher and patriot actively involved in social and political events. His versatile interests and the support of patriotism led him to the foundation and expansion of his personal library. He was a member of many associations, including Stálci, established by Amerling. Its members regularly purchased Czech books and thus supported the development of Czech, in particular scientific, literature. Arbeiter was also a generous patron. Among other things, he supported the education of poor students. He played an important role in the establishment of the Realgymnasium grammar school in Tábor, to which he donated his library. He had developed it for his entire life; originally, it comprised an impressive number of 3,000 volumes. The library of J. D. Arbeiter is not only an example of one of a few extant burgher libraries of the 19th century. Thanks to the breadth of Arbeiter’s interests, it also provides a selective overview of Czech book production at the time.

THE ATTITUDE OF GREEK SOCIETY TO RUSSIA IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY (ACCORDING TO THE MEMOIRS OF THE RUSSIAN INTELLIGENTSIA)

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Elena V. Bulycheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Greek Society ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Russian Intelligentsia ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Further Development

The article seeks to present the attitude of Greek society to Rus - sia in the second half of the 19th century, based on memoirs of representatives of the Russian intelligentsia who visited Greece at that time. The author draws attention to the fact that the second half of the 19th century was a very difficult time for Greek society. In 1821, as a result of a long struggle, the Greeks gained independence from the Ottoman state and the question arose before them about the ways of further development. There was no consensus in society on that issue. The paper explores the opinions of different strata of Greek society based on the facts and arguments from the memoirs of our compatriots. Representatives of the Russian intelligentsia who visited Greece at that time note that the attitude to Russia was not uniform. The opinion of the Greeks about Russia was particularly impacted by political events and the influence of Western Europe.

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