CELLOBIOSE AS A PARAMORPHOGEN IN SCHIZOPHYLLUM COMMUNE

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1663-1670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Wilson ◽  
Donald J. Niederpruem
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
Cell Wall Fraction ◽  
Soluble Cell ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Increased Activity

The mycelial growth of Schizophyllum commune on cellobiose, as sole carbon source, produced colonies that were quite dense and restricted in diameter. The hyphae were composed of shorter, more highly branched cells when grown on this disaccharide. Cellobiose brought about an increase in the ratio of an alkali-soluble cell-wall fraction (S-glucan) to an alkali-insoluble cell-wall fraction (R-glucan). This change might be explained by increased activity of enzymes which hydrolyze the R-glucan component following growth in cellobiose. Thus, a system is described which attempts to relate wall-softening enzymes to morphology.

scholarly journals Mycobacterium tuberculosis Is Able To Accumulate and Utilize Cholesterol

2009 ◽  
Vol 191 (21) ◽  
pp. 6584-6591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Brzostek ◽  
Jakub Pawelczyk ◽  
Anna Rumijowska-Galewicz ◽  
Bozena Dziadek ◽  
Jaroslaw Dziadek
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Cytoplasmic Membrane ◽  
Degradation Pathway ◽  
Cholesterol Accumulation ◽  
Targeted Disruption ◽  
Future Studies

ABSTRACT It is expected that the obligatory human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis must adapt metabolically to the various nutrients available during its cycle of infection, persistence, and reactivation. Cholesterol, which is an important part of the mammalian cytoplasmic membrane, is a potential energy source. Here, we show that M. tuberculosis grown in medium containing a carbon source other than cholesterol is able to accumulate cholesterol in the free-lipid zone of its cell wall. This cholesterol accumulation decreases the permeability of the cell wall for the primary antituberculosis drug, rifampin, and partially masks the mycobacterial surface antigens. Furthermore, M. tuberculosis was able to grow on mineral medium supplemented with cholesterol as the sole carbon source. Targeted disruption of the Rv3537 (kstD) gene inhibited growth due to inactivation of the cholesterol degradation pathway, as evidenced by accumulation of the intermediate, 9-hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione. Our findings that M. tuberculosis is able to accumulate cholesterol in the presence of alternative nutrients and use it when cholesterol is the sole carbon source in vitro may facilitate future studies into the pathophysiology of this important deadly pathogen.

Element Concentration of Forage and Non‐soluble Cell Wall Fraction of Coastal Bermudagrass 1

1977 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Edwards ◽  
W. A. Jackson ◽  
E. R. Beaty ◽  
R. A. McCreery
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Element Concentration ◽  
Cell Wall Fraction ◽  
Soluble Cell ◽  
Coastal Bermudagrass

GROWTH OF FUSARIUM DIVERSISPORUM SHERB. ON LONG-CHAINn-FATTY ALCOHOLS OR CHOLESTEROL AS THE SOLE CARBON SOURCE

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf G. Strobel ◽  
Herbert Quinn ◽  
Willy Lange
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Submerged Cultures ◽  
Reserve Material ◽  
Lipid Contents ◽  
Cell Components ◽  
Metabolic Action

In well-aerated submerged cultures of Fusarium diversisporum Sherb. with n-hexadecanol or n-heptadecanol (which are virtually water insoluble) as the sole carbon source, the alkanols do not undergo extracellular chemical changes before assimilation but move, unchanged, through the cell wall faster than they can be metabolized by the organism and thus may constitute up to one-half of the total lipids in the cells. The alkanols are initially oxidized at the hydroxylated terminal carbon atom to fatty acids without loss of carbon. The fatty acids are subject to further metabolic action. Apparently carbon, not needed immediately for energy and for synthesis of cell components, is transformed into triglycerides as a reserve material. In these triglycerides, the distribution of the saturated and the unsaturated fatty acids between the primary and the secondary positions of the glycerol moiety is one typical of a vegetable lipid. Interesting differences exist, particularly in the sterol ester and phospho- or glyco-lipid contents, between mycelia grown on sucrose, hexadecanol, or heptadecanol. These cell constituents may possibly be involved in alkanol transport across the cell wall. The mold also assimilates cholesterol but has difficulty in metabolizing it.

scholarly journals Pandrug-resistant Pseudomonas sp. expresses New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 and consumes ampicillin as sole carbon source

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Kumar Ranjan ◽  
Shriparna Mukherjee ◽  
Subarna Thakur ◽  
Krutika Gupta ◽  
Ranadhir Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp

Performance enhancement of H2S-based autotrophic denitrification with bio-gaseous CO2 as sole carbon source through new pH adjustment materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 110157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjie Liu ◽  
Nan Chen ◽  
Shuang Tong ◽  
Jing Liang ◽  
Chen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Autotrophic Denitrification ◽  
Ph Adjustment

scholarly journals Study of a plugging microbial consortium using crude oil as sole carbon source

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Guiwen Yan ◽  
Mingquan An ◽  
Jieli Liu ◽  
Houming Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Microbial Consortium

scholarly journals Mutants affecting histidine utilization inAspergillus nidulans

1975 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meryl Polkinghorne ◽  
M. J. Hynes
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Sole Nitrogen Source ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Exogenous Substrate ◽  
Growth Properties ◽  
Type Strains

SUMMARYWild-type strains ofAspergillus nidulansgrow poorly onL-histidine as a sole nitrogen source. The synthesis of the enzyme histidase (EC. 4.3.1.3) appears to be a limiting factor in the growth of the wild type, as strains carrying the mutantareA102 allele have elevated histidase levels and grow strongly on histidine as a sole nitrogen source.L-Histidine is an extremely weak sole carbon source for all strains.Ammonium repression has an important role in the regulation of histidase synthesis and the relief of ammonium repression is dependent on the availability of a good carbon source. The level of histidase synthesis does not respond to the addition of exogenous substrate.Mutants carrying lesions in thesarA orsarB loci (suppressor ofareA102) have been isolated. The growth properties of these mutants on histidine as a sole nitrogen source correlate with the levels of histidase synthesized. Mutation at thesarA andsarB loci also reduces the utilization of a number of other nitrogen sources. The data suggest that these two genes may code for regulatory products involved in nitrogen catabolism. No histidase structural gene mutants were identified and possible explanations of this are discussed.

Isolation of alcohol oxidase and two other methanol regulatable genes from the yeast Pichia pastoris

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1111-1121
Author(s):  
S B Ellis ◽  
P F Brust ◽  
P J Koutz ◽  
A F Waters ◽  
M M Harpold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pichia Pastoris ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Alcohol Oxidase ◽  
Methylotrophic Yeasts ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
Yeast Pichia Pastoris ◽  
Oxidation Of Methanol ◽  
Regulated Expression

The oxidation of methanol follows a well-defined pathway and is similar for several methylotrophic yeasts. The use of methanol as the sole carbon source for the growth of Pichia pastoris stimulates the expression of a family of genes. Three methanol-responsive genes have been isolated; cDNA copies have been made from mRNAs of these genes, and the protein products from in vitro translations have been examined. The identification of alcohol oxidase as one of the cloned, methanol-regulated genes has been made by enzymatic, immunological, and sequence analyses. Methanol-regulated expression of each of these three isolated genes can be demonstrated to occur at the level of transcription. Finally, DNA subfragments of two of the methanol-responsive genomic clones from P. pastoris have been isolated and tentatively identified as containing the control regions involved in methanol regulation.

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