EFFECTS OF SATURATED FAT IN RATS FED RAPESEED OIL

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce L. Beare ◽  
J. A. Campbell ◽  
C. G. Youngs ◽  
B. M. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Similar Content

The effects of increasing the saturated fatty acids in a dietary vegetable oil composed mostly of unsaturated fatty acids were studied in rats. A mixture of palm oil and Swedish rapeseed oil fed for 4 weeks as 20% of a purified diet promoted weight gains which exceeded those obtained with Polish rapeseed oil of a similar content of erucic acid, and altered the proportion of saturated fatty acids in the tissues to reflect that of the diet. When methyl esters of saturated fatty acids were added to Swedish rapeseed oil, similar effects on weight gain were not observed, but methyl esters of fatty acids from corn oil and rapeseed oil were shown to be of less nutritional value than the original glycerides. From fatty acids of olive oil, glycerides containing 3% palmitic acid were prepared, and produced weight gains which did not differ significantly from those of rats fed Polish rapeseed oil with a similar content of palmitic acid and 20% erucic acid. The characteristic effects of rapeseed oil are, therefore, attributed to its low content of saturated fatty acids as well as its high content of erucic acid.

EFFECTS OF SATURATED FAT IN RATS FED RAPESEED OIL

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 605-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce L. Beare ◽  
J. A. Campbell ◽  
C. G. Youngs ◽  
B. M. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Similar Content

The effects of increasing the saturated fatty acids in a dietary vegetable oil composed mostly of unsaturated fatty acids were studied in rats. A mixture of palm oil and Swedish rapeseed oil fed for 4 weeks as 20% of a purified diet promoted weight gains which exceeded those obtained with Polish rapeseed oil of a similar content of erucic acid, and altered the proportion of saturated fatty acids in the tissues to reflect that of the diet. When methyl esters of saturated fatty acids were added to Swedish rapeseed oil, similar effects on weight gain were not observed, but methyl esters of fatty acids from corn oil and rapeseed oil were shown to be of less nutritional value than the original glycerides. From fatty acids of olive oil, glycerides containing 3% palmitic acid were prepared, and produced weight gains which did not differ significantly from those of rats fed Polish rapeseed oil with a similar content of palmitic acid and 20% erucic acid. The characteristic effects of rapeseed oil are, therefore, attributed to its low content of saturated fatty acids as well as its high content of erucic acid.

EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE ABSORPTION OF FAT BY TURKEYS FED MIXTURES OF BEEF FAT AND RAPESEED OIL

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. SALMON
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Energy Contribution ◽  
Low Erucic Acid

The absorption of Span low erucic acid rapeseed oil (SRO), beef fat (BF) or combinations of these fats totalling 10% of the diet of Small White turkeys has been determined weekly to 6 wk of age. The corrected absorbability of 100, 75, 50, 25, and 0% SRO combined with 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% BF averaged 96, 95, 90, 82, and 79%. The absorbability of BF and combinations including BF increased with age, most of the increase occurring by 3 wk of age. The unsaturated fatty acids (18:1, 18:2) were highly absorbed, as were the saturated fatty acids (16:0, 18:0) of SRO. The absorbability of 16:0 and 18:0 of BF was low but increased with age. It was concluded that mixtures including 50% or more of low erucic acid rapeseed oil improve the utilization and energy contribution to the diet by BF.

THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF RAPESEED OIL ON WEIGHT GAIN, AND OF GOLDEN RAPESEED OIL ON REPRODUCTION, OF THE RAT

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1191-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce L. Beare ◽  
E. R. W. Gregory ◽  
J. A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Retarding Effect ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Reproduction Study

Rapeseed oil of the Polish, Golden, or Swedish varieties, corn oil, or mixtures of corn oil and ethyl erucate were fed to weanling rats of the Wistar strain for 9 weeks. Weight gains were inversely related to the content of erucic acid in the diet, confirming previous indications that the growth retarding effect of rapeseed oil is due to its erucic acid. In general, the differences in weight gains could be explained by the effect of rapeseed oil on food consumption.Golden rapeseed oil and corn oil were compared in a reproduction study involving three litters of one generation. Although the young of rats fed rapeseed oil were of lesser weanling weight, there was no difference in the number of animals successfully weaned.

scholarly journals Antagonism Between Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids in ROS Mediated Lipotoxicity in Rat Insulin-Producing Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 852-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiebke Gehrmann ◽  
Wiebke Würdemann ◽  
Thomas Plötz ◽  
Anne Jörns ◽  
Sigurd Lenzen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
H2o2 Production ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Insulin Producing Cells ◽  
H2o2 Formation

Background/Aims: Elevated levels of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) are under suspicion to mediate β-cell dysfunction and β-cell loss in type 2 diabetes, a phenomenon known as lipotoxicity. Whereas saturated fatty acids show a strong cytotoxic effect upon insulin-producing cells, unsaturated fatty acids are not toxic and can even prevent toxicity. Experimental evidence suggests that oxidative stress mediates lipotoxicity and there is evidence that the subcellular site of ROS formation is the peroxisome. However, the interaction between unsaturated and saturated NEFAs in this process is unclear. Methods: Toxicity of rat insulin-producing cells after NEFA incubation was measured by MTT and caspase assays. NEFA induced H2O2 formation was quantified by organelle specific expression of the H2O2 specific fluorescence sensor protein HyPer. Results: The saturated NEFA palmitic acid had a significant toxic effect on the viability of rat insulin-producing cells. Unsaturated NEFAs with carbon chain lengths >14 showed, irrespective of the number of double bonds, a pronounced protection against palmitic acid induced toxicity. Palmitic acid induced H2O2 formation in the peroxisomes of insulin-producing cells. Oleic acid incubation led to lipid droplet formation, but in contrast to palmitic acid induced neither an ER stress response nor peroxisomal H2O2 generation. Furthermore, oleic acid prevented palmitic acid induced H2O2 production in the peroxisomes. Conclusion: Thus unsaturated NEFAs prevent deleterious hydrogen peroxide generation during peroxisomal β-oxidation of long-chain saturated NEFAs in rat insulin-producing cells.

GROWTH, CARDIOPATHOLOGY AND CARDIAC FATTY ACIDS OF SWINE FED DIETS CONTAINING SOYBEAN OIL OR LOW ERUCIC ACID RAPESEED OIL

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. FRIEND ◽  
J. K. G. KRAMER ◽  
F. D. SAUER ◽  
A. H. CORNER ◽  
K. M. CHARLTON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Myocardial Necrosis ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography

One hundred and eighty weaner pigs were allotted to five dietary treatments comprising a control with no added oil and the control with either soybean oil or rapeseed oil (Brassica campestris cv. Span) each at 10 and 20% of the diet. Postmortem examinations were conducted on equal numbers of boars and gilts at the beginning of the experiment, as initial controls, and after 1, 4 and 16 wk on the experimental diets. When fed for 1 to 4 wk, the higher level of both oils reduced (P < 0.05) body weight gain but from 4 to 16 wk, differences were not significant for any of the diets. Consumption of the control diet exceeded (P < 0.05) that of any other diet, but pigs fed the oil diets showed improved (P < 0.01) feed efficiency. Minute focal interstitial infiltrations of mononuclear cells were present in the myocardium of some pigs in each dietary treatment and also in the initial controls. Foci of overt myocardial necrosis were not seen. Oil red 0 stained sections revealed traces of myocardial fat accumulation which occurred more frequently in pigs fed the high oil diets. In a second experiment, 24 weaner boar pigs were fed the control and the 10% Span oil diets. Two pigs from each treatment were killed on each of days 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20. Total fat was extracted from the heart of each pig and methyl esters determined by gas–liquid chromatography. There was no significant (P = 0.05) difference in percent fat of dry matter between pigs fed the control and the 10% Span diet. The proportions of the major fatty acids were similar between diets. Erucic acid and linolenic acid were present in the cardiac lipid of all control pigs, but to a significantly (P < 0.01) lesser degree than for pigs fed the Span diet. The level of arachidonic acid, for both groups of pigs, declined (P < 0.05) progressively with the duration (days) of feeding.

THE EFFECT OF RAPESEED OIL ON REPRODUCTION AND ON THE COMPOSITION OF RAT MILK FAT

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce L. Beare ◽  
E. R. W. Gregory ◽  
D. Morison Smith ◽  
J. A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet

Rats fed corn oil or a mixture of lard and olive oil produced as many offspring as those receiving no fat supplement with a low-fat commercial meal, but the weanling weight was lower. Although rats fed rapeseed oil continued to reproduce they had fewer and smaller offspring than rats fed other diets.The composition of fatty acids in the milk varied with the dietary fat of the mother. Animals receiving the low-fat diet secreted predominantly saturated fatty acids. A high proportion of linoleic acid appeared in the milk when corn oil was fed, and of oleic acid when the mixture of lard and olive oil was fed. Eicosenoic and erucic acids were present in the milk of rats receiving rapeseed oil, but were less prevalent than in the original oil.

scholarly journals Fatty Acids and Frailty: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3539
Author(s):  
Yasutake Tomata ◽  
Yunzhang Wang ◽  
Sara Hägg ◽  
Juulia Jylhävä
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid

Background: Observational studies have suggested that fatty acids such as higher levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may prevent frailty. By using Mendelian randomization analysis, we examined the relationship between fatty acids and frailty. Methods: We used summary statistics data for single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with plasma levels of saturated fatty acids (palmitic acid, stearic acid), mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) (palmitoleic acid, oleic acid), n-6 PUFAs (linoleic acid, arachidonic acid), and n-3 PUFAs (alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid), and the corresponding data for frailty index (FI) in 356,432 individuals in the UK Biobank. Results: Although there were no robust associations on the MUFAs or the PUFAs, genetically predicted higher plasma stearic acid level (one of saturated fatty acids) was statistically significantly associated with higher FI (β = 0.178; 95% confidence interval = −0.050 to 0.307; p = 0.007). Such a relationship was also observed in a multivariate MR (β = 0.361; 95% confidence interval = 0.155 to 0.567; p = 0.001). Genetically predicted higher palmitic acid was also significantly associated with higher FI (β = 0.288; 95% confidence interval = 0.128 to 0.447; p < 0.001) in the multivariate MR analysis. Conclusions: The present MR study implies that saturated fatty acids, especially stearic acid, is a risk factor of frailty.

scholarly journals Changes of the fatty acid composition of sprouts during germination

2010 ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
Melinda-Rita Márton ◽  
Sándor Szép ◽  
Zsolt Mándoki ◽  
Melinda Tamás ◽  
Salamon Rozália Veronika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fat Content

During our research we studied the fat content and fatty acid composition during the germination and sprouting periods of the most important sprouts: wheat, lentil, alfalfa, radish and sunflower seed. In this article we present our research results during this sprouting study. The concentration of the saturated fatty acids (palmitic acid, stearic acid) decreased, the concentration of the unsaturated fatty acids increased during germination, but the tendency was not so high than was published in the literature.

THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF RAPESEED OIL ON WEIGHT GAIN, AND OF GOLDEN RAPESEED OIL ON REPRODUCTION, OF THE RAT

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1191-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce L. Beare ◽  
E. R. W. Gregory ◽  
J. A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Retarding Effect ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Reproduction Study

Rapeseed oil of the Polish, Golden, or Swedish varieties, corn oil, or mixtures of corn oil and ethyl erucate were fed to weanling rats of the Wistar strain for 9 weeks. Weight gains were inversely related to the content of erucic acid in the diet, confirming previous indications that the growth retarding effect of rapeseed oil is due to its erucic acid. In general, the differences in weight gains could be explained by the effect of rapeseed oil on food consumption.Golden rapeseed oil and corn oil were compared in a reproduction study involving three litters of one generation. Although the young of rats fed rapeseed oil were of lesser weanling weight, there was no difference in the number of animals successfully weaned.

scholarly journals Docosahexaenoic and Eicosapentaenoic Acids Prevent Altered-Muc2 Secretion Induced by Palmitic Acid by Alleviating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in LS174T Goblet Cells

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2179
Author(s):  
Quentin Escoula ◽  
Sandrine Bellenger ◽  
Michel Narce ◽  
Jérôme Bellenger
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
The Impact

Diets high in saturated fatty acids (FA) represent a risk factor for the development of obesity and associated metabolic disorders, partly through their impact on the epithelial cell barrier integrity. We hypothesized that unsaturated FA could alleviate saturated FA-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress occurring in intestinal secretory goblet cells, and consequently the reduced synthesis and secretion of mucins that form the protective mucus barrier. To investigate this hypothesis, we treated well-differentiated human colonic LS174T goblet cells with palmitic acid (PAL)—the most commonly used inducer of lipotoxicity in in vitro systems—or n-9, n-6, or n-3 unsaturated fatty acids alone or in co-treatment with PAL, and measured the impact of such treatments on ER stress and Muc2 production. Our results showed that only eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids protect goblet cells against ER stress-mediated altered Muc2 secretion induced by PAL, whereas neither linolenic acid nor n-9 and n-6 FA are able to provide such protection. We conclude that EPA and DHA could represent potential therapeutic nutrients against the detrimental lipotoxicity of saturated fatty acids, associated with type 2 diabetes and obesity or inflammatory bowel disease. These in vitro data remain to be explored in vivo in a context of dietary obesity.

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