More rapid analysis of rock slopes

1984 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 678-683
Author(s):  
D. M. Cruden
Keyword(s):  
Factor Of Safety ◽  
Rock Slope ◽  
Rapid Analysis ◽  
Rock Slopes ◽  
Equal Area ◽  
Slope Analysis ◽  
The Stability ◽  
New Criterion ◽  
Spherical Projection ◽  
Rock Wedge

When the normals to two discontinuities forming a tetrahedral wedge in a rock slope lie in the opposite halves of a spherical projection divided by a diameter through the line of intersection of the discontinuities, sliding will take place down the line of intersection of the discontinuities if this is statically possible. This new criterion simplifies the analysis of the stability of rock wedges whose motion is driven only by gravity and resisted only by friction. A factor of safety can be simply calculated for all these wedges from plots of the normals to discontinuities on an overlay of a polar, equal-area spherical projection to which the great circles of a similar equatorial projection have been added. Key words: rock, slope analysis, rock wedge, graphical methods.

Rock slope stability and distributed joint systems

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce J. Carter ◽  
Emery Z. Lajtai
Keyword(s):  
Factor Of Safety ◽  
Rock Slope ◽  
Limit Equilibrium ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Probability Of Failure ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Rock Slope Stability ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Rock Wedge

A deterministic (GEOSLIDE) and a probabilistic (PROSLIDE) microcomputer code are introduced to aid in performing rock wedge analyses based on the limit equilibrium method. The deterministic code evaluates the stability of a single rock wedge formed by discontinuities in rock through three-dimensional vector algebra, GEOSLIDE undertakes a full kinematic analysis (daylighting and obstruction), analyzes both wedge and plane sliding, and provides for anchor designs and sensitivity analyses (cohesion, friction, and water forces). Through multiple stability analyses, PROSLIDE evaluates the probability of failure for a rock slope by examining the distribution of the factors of safety from all the potential sliding wedges formed by the discontinuities of the rock mass. The probability of failure is expressed as the ratio of kinematically free wedges that have a factor of safety less than unity to the total number of wedges, PROSLIDE can form and analyze as many as 2000 different pairs of discontinuities in less than 30 min using a 25 MHz 486 IBM-compatible computer. In a worked example, the probability of failure for a fixed slope strike and loading condition is shown to vary with the slope angle, following the characteristic 'S' shape of a cumulative distribution function. The effect of an anchor force is to spread the distribution over a wider range of the factor of safety (SF), pushing many wedges into a potential upslide situation and splitting the distribution about the failure zone of the stability diagram (−1 < SF < 1). Key words : rock slope, rock wedge, stability analysis, factor of safety, probability of failure, Monte Carlo simulation.

scholarly journals Assessment of Slope Instability and Risk Analysis of Road Cut Slopes in Lashotor Pass, Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Taherynia ◽  
Mojtaba Mohammadi ◽  
Rasoul Ajalloeian
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Rock Slope ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Slope Instability ◽  
Rock Slope Stability ◽  
Rock Slopes ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Cut Slopes ◽  
Road Cut Slopes

Assessment of the stability of natural and artificial rock slopes is an important topic in the rock mechanics sciences. One of the most widely used methods for this purpose is the classification of the slope rock mass. In the recent decades, several rock slope classification systems are presented by many researchers. Each one of these rock mass classification systems uses different parameters and rating systems. These differences are due to the diversity of affecting parameters and the degree of influence on the rock slope stability. Another important point in rock slope stability is appraisal hazard and risk analysis. In the risk analysis, the degree of danger of rock slope instability is determined. The Lashotor pass is located in the Shiraz-Isfahan highway in Iran. Field surveys indicate that there are high potentialities of instability in the road cut slopes of the Lashotor pass. In the current paper, the stability of the rock slopes in the Lashotor pass is studied comprehensively with different classification methods. For risk analyses, we estimated dangerous area by use of the RocFall software. Furthermore, the dangers of falling rocks for the vehicles passing the Lashotor pass are estimated according to rockfall hazard rating system.

An algorithm for the 3D ROck Slope Kinematic Analysis (ROKA) based on RPAS digital photogrammetry data.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niccolò Menegoni ◽  
Daniele Giordan ◽  
Cesare Perotti
Keyword(s):  
Kinematic Analysis ◽  
Rock Slope ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Rock Slopes ◽  
Digital Photogrammetry ◽  
Modes Of Failure ◽  
Wedge Sliding ◽  
Flexural Toppling ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Digital Outcrop

&lt;p&gt;Among the several adopted methods for the kinematic analysis of the possible modes of failure that could affect a rock slope, the Markland test is the most used. Whereas, it has the advantage of being simple and fast, it has some limits, as the impossibility to manually consider the several different slope orientations and their interaction with the discontinuity dimensions and positions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Recently, the improvements in the Remote Piloted Aerial System (RPAS) digital photogrammetry techniques for the development and mapping of Digital Outcrop Models (DOMs) have given the possibility of developing new automatized digital approaches. In this study, ROKA (ROck slope Kinematic Analysis) algorithm is presented. It is an open-source algorithm, written in MATLAB language, which aims to perform the kinematic analysis of the stability of a rock slope using the discontinuity measurements collected onto 3D DOMs. Its main advantage is the possibility to identify the possible critical combination between the 3D georeferenced discontinuities and the local surface of the slope. In particular, the critical combinations that can activate the planar sliding, flexural toppling, wedge sliding and direct toppling modes of failures can be detected and highlighted directly on the DOM. Hence, the ROKA algorithm can make the traditional approach for the kinematic analysis of a rock slope more effective, allowing not only to simplify the analysis, but also to increase its detail. This can be very important, in particular, for the analysis of large and complex rock slopes.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Prediction of the Shear Failure of Opened Rock Fractures and Implications for Rock Slope Stability Evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingchun Li
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Rock Slope ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
Rock Slope Stability ◽  
Rock Fractures ◽  
Asperity Contact ◽  
Direct Shear Tests ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Stability ◽  
New Criterion

Rock slope commonly fails due to the shear failure of rock fractures. Shear strength of rock fractures are reduced substantially once the fracture surfaces are mismatched or opened. We propose a new criterion to predict the shear strength of rock fractures in different opening states. The degree of interlocking representing the true asperity contact area is incorporated into the modified model of Saeb and Amadei. The effect of fracture opening on asperity dilation and degradation is separately considered. The transitional stress that is a critical parameter involved in the model is analytically determined based on energy consideration. The new model is validated with experimental results from direct shear tests on synthetic fractures with regular-shaped asperities. Good agreement between the analytical solution and the experimental data confirms the capacity of the proposed model. Therefore, the model has great potential for assessing the stability of rock slopes where fractures are often opened due to stress relief and engineering disturbances.

Searching Method of Potential Sliding Surfaces in the Rock Slope by Crack Network Simulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 368-373 ◽  
pp. 781-784
Author(s):  
Yong Zhang ◽  
De Xin Nie ◽  
Jiang Da He
Keyword(s):  
Rock Slope ◽  
Network Simulation ◽  
Rock Slopes ◽  
Crack Network ◽  
Sliding Surfaces ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Searching Method

In the process of evaluating the stability of some rock slopes, the discontinuities which mainly destroy the stability of future slope can not be understood and the locations of the slope can not be determined because of lacking of the exploration data. This paper determines the combination molds and the location of potential sliding surfaces using the method of crack network simulation to do statistics about all the discontinuities, which aims to resolving the problems of determining the locations and idiographic conformations of potential sliding surfaces in the rock slope.

scholarly journals A "Total Slope Analysis" methodology applied to an unstable rock slope in Washington, USA

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
A. Strouth ◽  
E. Eberhardt ◽  
O. Hungr
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Rock Slope ◽  
Distinct Element ◽  
Site Investigation ◽  
Slope Analysis ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Path Distance ◽  
Distinct Element Code ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Unstable Rock

A "Total Slope Analysis" methodology, that combines several numerical techniques, is adopted to investigate an unstable rock slope in Washington State, USA. For this specific study, the distinct-element code UDEC is used to assess the stability and potential failure volume of the rockslide. Once the potential rockslide volume has been estimated and failure mechanism assessed, the runout path, distance and velocity are assessed using the dynamic or rheological flow model DAN3D. Site investigation and data reconnaissance plays an important role for both stages in the "Total Slope Analysis", including outcrop mapping, aerial photograph interpretation, scanline joint surveys and 3-D laser scanning. The results of the "Total Slope Analysis" can be directly applied to assessment and mitigation of the landslide hazard, greatly aiding engineering judgment by providing key qualitative and quantitative insights into the risk analysis.

scholarly journals AN EVALUATION OF ROCK SLOPE STABILITY USING LIMIT EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faridha Aprilia ◽  
I Gde Budi Indrawan
Keyword(s):  
Slope Stability ◽  
Rock Slope ◽  
Limit Equilibrium ◽  
Rock Slope Stability ◽  
Rock Slopes ◽  
Plane Failure ◽  
General Limit ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Equilibrium Analyses ◽  
Limit Equilibrium Analyses

The stability of rock slopes is controlled by several factors, such as the intact rock strength, discontinuity characteristics, groundwater condition, and slope geometry. Limit equilibrium (LE) analyses have been commonly used in geotechnical practice to evaluate the stability of rock slopes. A number of methods of LE analyses, ranging from simple to sophisticated methods, have been developed. This paper presents stability analyses of rock slopes at the Batu Hijau open mine in Sumbawa Barat using various methods of LE analyses. The LE analyses were conducted at three cross sections of the northern wall of the open mine using the Bishop Simplified, Janbu Simplified, Janbu Generalised, and General Limit Equilibrium (GLE) methods in Slide slope stability package. In addition, a Plane Failure (PF) analysis was performed manually. Shear strength data of the discontinuity planes used in the LE analyses were obtained from back analyses of previous rock slope failures. The LE analysis results showed that the rock slopes were likely to have shallow non-circular critical failure surfaces. The factor of safety (Fs) values obtained from the Bishop Simplified, Janbu Simplified, Janbu Generalised, and GLE methods were found to be similar, while the Fs values obtained from the PF method were higher than those obtained from the more rigorous methods. Keywords: Batu Hijau mine, Bishop Simplified, Janbu Simplified, Janbu Generalised, limit equilibrium analyses, general limit equilibrium, rock slope stability, plane failure.

scholarly journals Rock slope stability analysis by approximation of geological strength index and finite element method

2019 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 05007
Author(s):  
Soewignjo Agus Nugroho ◽  
Muhamad Yusa ◽  
Andarsin Ongko
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Rock Slope ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Geological Strength Index ◽  
Rock Slopes ◽  
Strength Index ◽  
Rock Materials ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Element Method

As a part of natural geography systems, rock slopes have treasured amount of natural resources potential. The rock materials could be utilized to fulfill several needs, especially to construct buildings. However, society sometimes have taken advantages from the slope’s existence in wrong ways. The exploitations toward rock materials, either through manual or modern way (blasting) have caused some cracks occurred. These cracks have reduced the stability of rock slopes and easily triggered failures on rock slopes. In this paper, the stability of a rock slope will be precisely discussed by using Geological Strength Index (GSI) and was analyzed by using finite element method. The rock samples were taken from Pangkalan (West Sumatera, Indonesia), which this location is also vulnerable to rock slope failures. Geological Strength Index was obtained by doing manual observations on rock sample’s properties, i.e. joint, cracks, and discontinuity. The result was consisted of rock’s properties. Meanwhile, the analysis by using finite element method produced an outcome in form of safety factor. This result could be made as a reference for pre-disaster mitigation in Pangkalan.

scholarly journals Sensitivity Analyses of the Seepage and Stability of Layered Rock Slope Based on the Anisotropy of Hydraulic Conductivity: A Case Study in the Pulang Region of Southwestern China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengzhi Xia ◽  
Guangyin Lu ◽  
Dongxin Bai ◽  
Ziqiang Zhu ◽  
Shuai Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Factor Of Safety ◽  
Rock Slope ◽  
Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
Anisotropy Ratio ◽  
Rock Slopes ◽  
Layered Rock

In the study of the seepage characteristics of layered rock slope under rainfall conditions, the majority of previous research has considered the hydraulic conduction to be isotropic, or only considered the anisotropy ratio of the hydraulic conductivity, ignoring the anisotropy angle. In the current study, a layered rock slope in the Pulang region was selected as an example. Then, based on the fitting parameters of the Van Genuchten model, pore water pressure sensitivity analyses of the layered rock slope were carried out. The anisotropy ratio and anisotropy angle were used to analyze the sensitivity of the seepage and stability of the layered rock slopes. The results show that as the anisotropy angle of hydraulic conductivity of layered rock slope decreased, the maximum volume water content of surface (MWCS) of layered rock slope gradually increased. Additionally, as the anisotropy ratio decreased and the anisotropy angle increased, the rising heights of the groundwater (RHG) of layered rock slope gradually increased. When the hydraulic conduction of layered rock slope was considered isotropic, the factor of safety (FS) tended to be overestimated. As the anisotropy ratio decreased and the anisotropy angle increased, the factor of safety (FS) of layered rock slope decreased. Prevention should be the objective for rock slopes with larger dip angles in the bedding plane in the Pulang region. This study provides feasible schemes for the evaluation of the seepage and stability of layered rock slopes in Pulang region of southwestern China.

scholarly journals Study on the Influence of Rainfall Infiltration on the High rock Slope of Open-pit Mine Stability using a New Nonlinear Strength Reduction Method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianbai Zhou ◽  
Lingfan Zhang ◽  
Jian Cheng ◽  
Jianming Wang ◽  
Xiaoyu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Rock Slope ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Strength Reduction ◽  
Open Pit Mine ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Strength Reduction Method ◽  
Rock Slopes ◽  
High Rock Slope ◽  
The Stability

Abstract Due to long-term mining, a series of high and steep rock slopes have been formed in the open-pit mine. For high rock slopes, rainfall infiltration is the main cause of landslide. Therefore, the stability analysis of high rock slope under rainfall has become a key issue in the open-pit mine engineering. In this work, aiming at the high stress condition of high rock slope, the instantaneous internal friction angle and instantaneous cohesion of rock mass under different stress states are deduced, and the a nonlinear strength reduction method for high rock slope is established according to the relationship between normal stress and shear stress of rock mass under the Hoke-Brown criterion. The numerical calculation results show that the factor of safety (FOS) for high rock slope calculated by the proposed method is more reasonable. Taking the southwest slope of Dagushan Iron Mine as the research background, the safety factors of high rock slope under different rainfall conditions are calculated by COMSOL Multiphysics. And the stability analysis of high rock slope in open-pit mine under rainfall are carried out.

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