Performance in freezing tests and field experiments of full-sib families of Pinussylvestris (L.)

Full-sib families from plus trees of Pinussylvestris (L.) were tested in four 10-year field experiments and three 1-year experiments. Survival and height were assessed in the field experiments and plant height, dry matter content, and damage following artificial freeze testing during the hardening process in the 1-year experiments. Positive correlations between pairs of field experiments were found for breeding values for 10-year survival (rmean = +0.71) and 10-year height (rmean = +0.38). Positive correlations were also obtained between survival and height within field experiments. Breeding values for 10-year field survival and height were not correlated with the latitude of origin. Positive correlations were found between field mortality and both damage after freeze testing (0.61 < r < 0.85) and plant height (r = 0.75) for the 1-year-old seedlings. Results indicated that a low degree of damage after freeze testing of 1-year-old progenies is a better predictor of field survival than is northern geographical origin when establishing seed orchards of P. sylvestris for harsh areas in north Sweden.

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Ammonia volatilization following surface-applied pig and cattle slurry in France

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600084380 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 125 (2) ◽

pp. 245-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

J.-F. Moal ◽

J. Martinez ◽

F. Guiziou ◽

C.-M. Coste

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

Arable Land ◽

Matter Content ◽

Total Loss ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Pig Slurry ◽

Ammoniacal Nitrogen ◽

Cattle Slurry ◽

Time Of Application ◽

Application Rates

SUMMARYField experiments were carried out in Brittany (Western France) in 1993 to measure ammonia losses from surface-applied pig and cattle slurry. Experiments were conducted on grass, stubble (wheat and maize) and arable land using a wind tunnel system. Ammonia losses were followed during periods ranging from 20 to 96 h after slurry application. Rates of slurry applied varied from 40 to 200 m3/ha. In two experiments, losses from cattle slurry were respectively 75 and 54% of the ammoniacal nitrogen applied in the slurry. Ammonia emissions from pig slurry applied at a rate of 40 m3/ha, during spring and summer experiments, were higher on grass (45–63% of the total ammoniacal nitrogen applied) than on wheat stubble (37–45%). On average, 75% of the total loss in all experiments occurred within the first 15 h after spreading. Significant correlations were found between ammonia losses (kg N/ha) and mean soil temperature and slurry dry matter content (%) using simple linear regressions and stepwise procedures. The time of application was also found to influence the magnitude of ammonia loss: 83% of the total loss occurred within 6 h when the slurry was applied at midday compared with 42% when it was applied in the evening.

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Use of dry matter content as a rapid and low-cost estimate for ranking genotypic differences in water-soluble carbohydrate concentrations in the stem and leaf sheath of Triticum aestivum

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp08073 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 51 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Gang-Ping Xue ◽

C. Lynne McIntyre ◽

Allan R. Rattey ◽

Anthony F. van Herwaarden ◽

Ray Shorter

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Low Cost ◽

Leaf Sheath ◽

Matter Content ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Genotypic Differences ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Cereal Breeding ◽

Field Samples

Stem water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) are an important source of temporary carbohydrate reserve in cool-season cereals. Genotypic variation in stem WSC concentration in wheat at anthesis is often positively associated with grain weight and yield in water-limited environments. In this study we have examined the relationship between dry matter content (DMC, dry weight per unit of fresh weight) and WSC concentration in field-grown bread wheat. Strong correlations (r = 0.92–0.95) were observed between DMC and WSC concentration in the stem and leaf sheath from the top two or three internodes of recombinant inbred lines from a cross between Seri M82 and Babax, at anthesis or 1 week after anthesis, in several field experiments. This strong correlation was also observed in diverse genotypes grown under rainfed or irrigated conditions. DMC and WSC concentration were also positively correlated in the whole above-ground biomass of wheat at anthesis (r = 0.74–0.91). Measurement of stem and leaf sheath DMC and WSC concentration in a small number of samples would allow the rapid prediction of WSC concentrations in a large number of field samples with reasonable accuracy, as demonstrated in a small dataset in this study. These data indicate that DMC can serve cereal breeding as a rapid and low-cost selection tool for genotypic ranking of WSC concentrations in breeding populations.

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Growth and Yield of Onion as Influenced by Sulphur and Boron with Mulch Materials

Asian Plant Research Journal ◽

10.9734/aprj/2021/v7i330154 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Sajeed Hasan Bappy ◽

Khaleda Khatun ◽

Tahmina Mostarin ◽

Mutasim Fuad Shuvo ◽

Mst. Umme Habiba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Matter Content ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Leaf Number ◽

Maximum Diameter ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Economic Point ◽

Neck Diameter

A field experiment was conducted at the research farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. During the period from October, 2018 to March, 2019 to find out the growth and yield of onion as influenced by Sulphur and Boron with mulch materials. The experiment consisted of two factors: Factor A: Four doses of Sulphurand Boron fertilizer viz. F0 = S0kgB0kg/ha (Control), F1 = S20kgB1kg/ha, F2 = S40kgB2kg/ha, F3 = S60kgB3kg/ha and Factor B: Four types of mulch viz. M0 = No mulch and no irrigation, M1 = Black polythene, M2 = Water hyacinth and M3 = Rice straw. There were 16 treatment combinations and experiment was setup in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. In case of Sulphur and Boron treatments at 60 days after transplanting (DAT), the highest plant height 53.38 cm, maximum leaf number 10.48, highest bulb length 4.83 cm,, maximum neck diameter (1.31 cm), highest dry matter content (15.98%), dry matter content of leaf (24.74%), single bulb weight (39.93 g), yield per plot (0.80 kg) and yield per hectare (9.98 t) were obtained from F3 treatment. Among the mulch materials, highest plant height at 60 DAT (52.51 cm), maximum leaf number (10.19), highest bulb length (4.52 cm), highest bulb diameter (5.74 cm), maximum neck diameter (1.26 cm), dry matter content of leaf (23.35%), single bulb weight (39.05 g), yield per plot (0.78 kg) and yield per hectare (9.76 t) were obtained from M1 treatment. In combined effect, the highest plant height at 60 DAT (55.54 cm), maximum leaf number (11.47), longest bulb length (5.51 cm), highest bulb diameter (6.68 cm), maximum diameter of neck (1.42 cm), dry matter content of leaf (27.48%), single bulb weight (42.40 g), yield per plot (0.85 kg) and yield per hectare (11.21 t) were obtained from F3M1 treatment (S60kg/ha + B3kg/ha with black polythene mulch). The highest gross return (Tk. 3, 36, 300/ha), net return (Tk. 1, 88, 934/ha) and benefit cost ration (2.28) was obtained from the treatment combination (F3M1). Accordingly, for high growth, high yield, and economic point of view, F3M1 treatment is recommended in onion cultivation.

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Optical Tools, a Suitable Means to Reduce Nitrogen Use in Fertigated Tomato Crop

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.41.4.982b ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 982B-982 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Giorgio Gianquinto ◽

Paolo Sambo ◽

Francesco Orsini ◽

Marco Sciortino ◽

Valente Forte

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Threshold Method ◽

Tomato Crop ◽

Optical Instruments ◽

Optical Tools ◽

Reference Plot ◽

Tomato Cultivars ◽

The University

Technology provides new tools for agriculture to be able to optimize fertilization. Optical instruments are becoming valid tools for farmers in making decisions about fertilization, even though they need to be calibrated for specific crops. Chlorophyll meters and multispectral radiometers have been tested on rice, corn, and wheat and afterwards on vegetables, in timing fertilization. Today, threshold lines that are able to detect crop N status in tomato crops are available. These thresholds, obtained in experiments carried out at Padova University, were validated in three open-field experiments. The first experiment was carried out in 2004 at the University experimental farm on tomato cv. Perfect Peel. The second and third experiments were conducted in a commercial farm at Codigoro (Ferrara) in 2004–2005. Tomato cultivars used were `UGX 822' and `Precocix' in 2004, in 2005 `Jet' was also used. In all trials, a “standard fertilization” management was compared with fertigation guided using SPAD and/or Cropscan. Optical tools were used to manage fertigation adopting both “threshold method” and “reference plot method”. In general “guided fertigation” resulted in less nitrogen application (N supply reduced between 18% and 45%), especially when “threshold method” was adopted. Yields were comparable to “standard fertilization” treatments, showing a better efficiency of “guided fertigation”. In some cases, guiding fertigation by means of optical instruments allowed higher fruit fresh weight, although dry matter content and °Brix were not influenced. Guided fertigation reduced also the number of damaged fruit and the percentage of nonmarketable product.

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Levels of nutrients and grain yield of maize intercropped with signalgrass (Brachiaria) in different arrangements of plants

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582015000100006 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 49-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M.A.M. FREITAS ◽

D.V. VALADÃO SILVA ◽

M.F. SOUZA ◽

A.A. SILVA ◽

D.T. SARAIVA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Block Design ◽

Matter Content ◽

Seeding Density ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Maize Plants ◽

Urochloa Brizantha ◽

Positive Effect

Competition between maize and signalgrass can economically cripple the intercropping by the reduced yield of maize and dry matter content of the forage. In seeking to define plant arrangements which make this system more efficient, this research was held with the objective of assessing the effects of interference of densities of signalgrass (Urochloa Brizantha) on nutrition and on maize grain yield. Two field experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. Treatments were arranged similarly in both experiments, in a 2 x 4 factorial design, the first factor being the dose of Nicosulfuron herbicide applied (0 and 8 g ha-1) and the second factor being the forage seeding rates (0, 2, 4 and 6 kg of seeds per hectare). The interference of signalgrass reduced foliar nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus content in maize plants intercropped with the forage. Higher values of grain yield were observed with the reduction of the spacing and the application of the recommended herbicide underdose (8 g ha-1). It was concluded that, regardless of the seeding density of U. Brizantha, reducing the maize seeding inter-rows spacing, combined with the application of an underdose of Nicosulfuron, caused a positive effect by reducing the initial forage growth, resulting in less interference of Urochloa brizantha on nutrient uptake by the maize plants and grain yield of the crop.

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Effect of topping and irrigation on yield of flue-cured tobacco grown in a Mediterranean environment

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600084689 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 113 (1) ◽

pp. 109-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. I. Orphanos ◽

C. Metochis

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Matter Content ◽

Lower Percentage ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Yield ◽

Leaf Quality ◽

Investigations on Nigerian root and tuber crops: response of cassava cultivars to potassium fertilizer in Western Nigeria

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600027155 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 89 (1) ◽

pp. 23-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

G. O. Obigbesan

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

Local Strain ◽

Matter Content ◽

Unit Weight ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Potassium Fertilizer ◽

Local Cultivar ◽

Tuber Production ◽

K Fertilizer ◽

Improved Cultivars

SummaryThe response of three cassava cultivars to potassium fertilizer was studied in field experiments during 1972–3, 1973–4 and 1975–6. They included the local cultivar 53101 and the improved cultivars 60506 and 60447 which were F1 hybrids involving the local strain (53101) and cultivar 42074. In locations known to be low in potassium, the cassava cultivars showed only low response to K fertilizer with optimum performance at about 60 kg K2O/ha, but the local cultivar 53101 had apparently not reached its maximum tuber production even at 120 kg K2O/ha. This cultivar gave higher tuber yield increases (10–18 kg dried tuber) per unit weight of potash than the 60506 cultivar (6–10 kg dried tuber/kg K2O) while cultivar 60447 produced about 18 kg/kg K2O. Unfertilized 60506 produced average yields equivalent to those obtained from the heavily fertilized 53101 cultivar. Cultivar 60506 gave the highest dry-matter content. The improved cultivars retained more leaves than the local strain. K fertilizer enhanced the utilization index (storage root/top ratio) of the cassava cultivars.

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Farklı Organik Gübrelerin Tohumluk Patates (Solanum tuberosum L.) Çeşitlerinde Verim ve Kalite Üzerine Etkileri

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v4i7.566-578.711 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (7) ◽

pp. 566

Author(s):

Hasan Eleroğlu ◽

Kürşat Korkmaz

Keyword(s):

Specific Gravity ◽

Plant Height ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

Starch Content ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Stem Number ◽

Output Time

This study was conducted to determine the effects of use organo-mineral fertilizers and poultry manure on yield and quality of seed tubers different potatoes varieties (Solanum tuberosum L.). The study was designed in three replicated completely randomized block factorial design with eight potato cultivars (Madaline, Provento, Marfona, Agata, Arizona, Mustang, Rumba and Saviola) and including three different fertilizer as Hexaferm organo-mineral (%20 organics, 8-21-0+Zn), compost (1 t da-1) and fermented poultry manure (1 t da-1). In order to determine the effect of fertilizer forms on the yield and quality characteristics of different varieties of potatoes were examined features like output time of the tuber, output rates, plant height, stem number per hill, tuber yield per hill, total tuber yield, cracks tuber yield, dry matter content, starch content and specific gravity. Used fertilizers have no significant effect on output time of the tuber, output rates, plant height, stem number per hill, total tuber yield, dry matter content, starch content and specific gravity of varieties. The difference observed in terms of output time of the tuber, output rates, plant height, stem number per hill between the varieties was insignificant. The difference between the average tuber yield per hill, total tuber yield, cracks tuber yield, dry matter content, starch content and specific gravity of varieties were significant. Similarly, the fertilizers had a significant effect on the average tuber yield per hill of varieties . The significant interactions were found on traits average tuber yield per hill and average specific gravity between Fertilizer x Varieties. As a result, considered economically the fermented and compost poultry manure can be used instead of organo-mineral fertilizers in the production of seed potatoes.

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The study of the sources of valuable economic and biological traits in the collection nursery of sainfoin

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/937/2/022124 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 937 (2) ◽

pp. 022124

Author(s):

A Regidin ◽

S Ignatiev

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Growing Season ◽

Early Growth ◽

Matter Content ◽

Source Material ◽

Biological Traits ◽

Dry Matter Content

Abstract Sainfoin – fodder crop capable of growing in unfavorable conditions and on soils with reduced fertility. But sainfoin is not widespread and does not occupy large cultivated areas. One of the reasons for this is the small number of sainfoin varieties adapted to various environmental conditions. The purpose of the research is to identify the sources of valuable economic and biological traits in the collection nursery of sainfoin for use as a source material. The sainfoin collection nursery was established in 2017 according to the methodology of N.I. Vavilov. The area of the plots is 1 m2, the replication is two times. Standard – sainfoin variety Zernogradskiy 2. According to the results, samples with useful traits were identified: samples Sin 149, Sin 151 and Sin 8.15 with early growth (28.03) had the shortest growing season (52 days); by plant height, specimens Sin 38 (122 cm) and Sin 208.15 (122 cm) were distinguished; the highest yield of green mass was noted for samples Sin 26, Sin 126, Sin 141, Sin 102.15, Sin 103.15, Sin 1.15, Sin 2.15 with indicators of 7.67-9.72 kg/m2; a dry matter content of over 28% was noted in samples Sin 37, Sin 46, Sin 42, Sin 105.15, Sin 205.15; samples Sin 31, Sin 42, Sin 54, Sin 122, Sin 135, Sin 144, Sin 145, Sin 160, Sin 100.15, Sin 1.15, Sin 3.15, Sin 4.15, Sin 6.15, Sin 8.15, Sin 100/1142 were distinguished by a high content crude protein (20.00-21.44%).

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Identification of Fruit-Associated QTLs in Winter Squash (Cucurbita maxima Duchesne) Using Recombinant Inbred Lines

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes11040419 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 419

Author(s):

Karolina Kaźmińska ◽

Ewelina Hallmann ◽

Aleksandra Korzeniewska ◽

Katarzyna Niemirowicz-Szczytt ◽

Grzegorz Bartoszewski

Keyword(s):

Recombinant Inbred ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽

Shape Index ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Cucurbita Maxima ◽

Fresh Market ◽

Phenotypic Data

Cucurbita maxima Duchesne squash and pumpkins are cultivated world-wide. Cucurbita maxima fruits are produced for fresh market and are valuable for food processing. Therefore, fruit characteristics and yield are the traits of high economic importance for breeders. To date, the genetic basis of fruit-associated traits in C. maxima have been poorly understood. In the present study, we evaluated fruit-associated traits and conducted quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis using recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross of two inbred lines with different fruit morphotypes. Phenotypic data for nine fruit traits (earliness, weight, number per plant, yield per plant, length and diameter, shape index, flesh thickness, sucrose content and dry matter content) were collected for RILs in two open-field experiments. Pairwise analysis of the phenotypic data revealed correlations among the fruit and yield-associated traits. Using a previously developed genetic map, we identified 26 QTLs for eight traits. The QTLs were found in 10 locations on eight chromosomes of C. maxima. The QTLs were detected across experiments and explained up to 41.4% of the observed phenotypic variations. Major-effect QTLs for multiple fruit-associated traits were clustered on chromosome 4, suggesting that this genomic region has been under selection during diversification and/or domestication of C. maxima.

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