Evidence for a blood – uterine lumen permeability barrier in rats treated with hormones to mimic early pseudopregnancy

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 1630-1635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann C. McRae ◽  
T. G. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Tritiated Water ◽  
Permeability Barrier ◽  
Test Substance ◽  
Uterine Lumen ◽  
Induced Ovulation ◽  
Uterine Fluid ◽  
Implantation Period ◽  
Period Of Gestation

Experiments have been carried out to investigate whether a blood – uterine lumen permeability barrier exists in rats treated with hormones to mimic the implantation period of gestation. Levels of radioactivity in fluid from the uterine lumen and in serum of rats at the equivalent of day 4, 5, or 6 of pseudopregnancy (day 1 = day of induced ovulation) were determined either 20 or 60 min after intravenous injection of a radiolabelled test substance. Following injection of [14C]urea or [3H]sucrose, uterine fluid (UF) radioactivity concentrations did not differ significantly between 20 and 60 min irrespective of day of pseudopregnancy. With [14C]urea, UF radioactivity concentrations were significantly less than those in serum in all groups except at the equivalent of day 6 of pseudopregnancy. After injection of [3H]sucrose, the UF radioactivity concentrations were significantly less than those in serum in all groups except at 60 min at the equivalent of day 6 of pseudopregnancy. Additionally, the UF radioactivity concentrations after injection of either [14C]urea or [3H]sucrose were significantly higher on the equivalent of day 6 of pseudopregnancy than on day 4. By contrast, when tritiated water was injected, the UF radioactivity concentrations were not markedly different from those in serum in all groups.not available

UPTAKE OF OXYTOCIN IN TISSUES AFTER INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION OF TRITIATED OXYTOCIN IN RATS

1969 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingvar Sjöholm ◽  
Gunnar Rydén
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Tritiated Water ◽  
Preferential Distribution ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Initial Uptake

ABSTRACT The distribution of oxytocin in the kidneys, liver, uterus and skeletal muscle of the rat was followed during 10 min after intravenous injection of tritium labelled oxytocin. Oxytocin was found to be taken up and degraded mainly in the kidneys and the liver. After 150 seconds no intact oxytocin could be detected in these organs. The time course of the distribution of the radioactivity in the liver and the skeletal muscle showed no noteworthy characteristics, whereas a different course was found in the kidneys and in the uterus. In the kidneys, the radioactivity increased continuously from 60 to 200 seconds after the injection, indicating an accumulation of oxytocin or its metabolites in the kidneys. In the uterus a high initial uptake was observed, followed by a decrease of the radioactivity from 60 to 100 seconds after the injection. This distribution pattern was specific to oxytocin, since the uptake of tritiated tyrosine and tritiated water was almost constant during the same time period. These findings may indicate a preferential distribution of oxytocin to the uterus.

Temporal and spatial expression of adrenomedullin and its receptors in the porcine uterus and peri-implantation conceptuses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudikshya Paudel ◽  
Bangmin Liu ◽  
Magdalina J Cummings ◽  
Kelsey E Quinn ◽  
Fuller W Bazer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Uterine Receptivity ◽  
Mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Uterine Fluid ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Functional Peptide ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Implantation Period ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Abstract Adrenomedullin (ADM) is an evolutionarily conserved multi-functional peptide hormone that regulates implantation, embryo spacing and placentation in humans and rodents. However, the potential roles of ADM in implantation and placentation in pigs, as a litter-bearing species, are not known. This study determined abundances of ADM in uterine luminal fluid, and the patterns of expression of ADM and its receptor components (CALCRL, RAMP2, RAMP3, and ACKR3) in uteri from cyclic and pregnant gilts, as well as conceptuses (embryonic/fetus and its extra-embryonic membranes) during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy. Total recoverable ADM was greater in the uterine fluid of pregnant compared with cyclic gilts between Days 10 and 16 post-estrus, and was from uterine luminal epithelial (LE) and conceptus trophectoderm (Tr) cells. Uterine expression of CALCRL, RAMP2, and ACKR3 were affected by day (P < 0.05), pregnant status (P < 0.01) and/or day x status (P < 0.05). Within porcine conceptuses, expression of CALCRL, RAMP2 and ACKR3 increased between Days 10 and 16 of pregnancy. Using an established porcine trophectoderm (pTr1) cell line, it was determined that 10−7 M ADM stimulated proliferation of pTr1 cells (P < 0.05) at 48 h, and increased phosphorylated mechanistic target of rapamycin (p-MTOR) and 4E binding protein 1 (p-4EBP1) by 6.1- and 4.9-fold (P < 0.0001), respectively. These novel results indicate a significant role for ADM in uterine receptivity for implantation and conceptus growth and development in pigs. They also provide a framework for future studies of ADM signaling to affect proliferation and migration of Tr cells, spacing of blastocysts, implantation and placentation in pigs.

scholarly journals Interval between induced ovulation by intravenous injection of HCG and spontaneous ovulation thereafter in adult rats

1969 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
Katsumi NAKAMURA ◽  
Misao KOJIMA ◽  
Saburo SINGAI ◽  
Toshima NOBUNAGA
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Induced Ovulation

Passage of bovine serum albumin from the mother to rabbit blastocysts

Development ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-469
Author(s):  
Floy L. Crutchfield ◽  
Abraham C. Kulangara
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Double Diffusion ◽  
Early Gestation ◽  
Uterine Lumen ◽  
Intravenous Injections ◽  
Uterine Fluid ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Permeability Rate

Dutch belted rabbits were given single intravenous injections of 100 or 200 mg/kg doses of bovine serum albumin (BSA). BSA in serum and uterine fluid at various times after injection was estimated by a quantitative radial immunodiffusion test, which could measure a minimum of 40 ng. The presence of BSA in uterine fluid was confirmed by immunoelectrophoresis and double diffusion in agar. BSA passes readily into uterine fluid of non-pregnant rabbits, reaching a peak at 12 h after injection, when its concentration is 7–15% of that in serum. About 72 h seems to be required for equilibration of BSA between serum and uterine fluid, at which time the concentration in the former is about 5 times that in the latter. The kinetics of the process is discussed. Compared to the above, passage of BSA into uterine fluid of pregnant rabbits (5–7 days post coitum) is restricted in the following ways. Significant amounts of BSA appear in the fluid only after a maternal dose of 200 mg/kg. BSA in uterine fluid reaches a peak at 24 h after injection, when it is only 4·5% of the serum level. The permeability rate seems to decrease with early gestation. Approximate rates of entry of BSA into uterine lumen of non-pregnant and pregnant rabbits are 0·4 and 0·25 μg/h. BSA seems to be treated like rabbit albumin in its passage across the uterine epithelium. There is no evidence of selection between these proteins.

Potassium and sodium content of uterine and seminal vesicle secretions

1958 ◽  
Vol 196 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn Howard ◽  
Vincent J. De Feo
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Uterine Lumen ◽  
High K ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Uterine Fluid ◽  
Uterine Secretion ◽  
Vesicle Secretion

K and Na concentrations of the fluid which accumulates in the uterine lumen of the rat during proestrus were studied before and after the animals were mated. The K in the resting uterine secretion was 37, the Na 115 mEq/l. The sum of the K plus Na in the resting uterine secretion did not differ from the sum of the K plus Na in serum samples obtained simultaneously. The seminal vesicle secretion of the rat contained 1.1 mEq/l. of K and 34 of Na. The fluid obtained from the uterine lumen after mating with a vasectomized male did not show a significant reduction in K, but the Na concentration was reduced 11%. The high K/Na ratio found in the rat uterine fluid is similar to the K/Na ratios reported by others for the seminal plasma of several mammals.

Metabolic Changes of Maternal Uterine Fluid, Uterus, and Plasma during the Peri-implantation Period of Early Pregnancy in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 488-502
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Longqiong Wang ◽  
Chang Chen ◽  
Hongbo Qi ◽  
Philip N. Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Uterine Fluid ◽  
Implantation Period

scholarly journals Steroids Regulate SLC2A1 and SLC2A3 to Deliver Glucose Into Trophectoderm for Metabolism via Glycolysis

Endocrinology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 161 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Avery C Kramer ◽  
Chelsie B Steinhauser ◽  
Haijun Gao ◽  
Heewon Seo ◽  
Bryan A McLendon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Temporal Pattern ◽  
Sugar Transport ◽  
Glucose Transporters ◽  
Luminal Epithelium ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Uterine Lumen ◽  
Placental Membranes ◽  
Oxidation Of Glucose ◽  
Implantation Period

Abstract The conceptuses (embryo/fetus and placental membranes) of pigs require energy to support elongation and implantation, and amounts of glucose and fructose increase in the uterine lumen during the peri-implantation period. Conceptuses from day 16 of pregnancy were incubated with either 14C-glucose or 14C-fructose and amounts of radiolabeled CO2 released from the conceptuses measured to determine rates of oxidation of glucose and fructose. Glucose and fructose both transport into conceptuses, and glucose is preferentially metabolized in the presence of fructose, whereas fructose is actively metabolized in the absence of glucose and to a lesser extent in the presence of glucose. Endometrial and placental expression of glucose transporters SLC2A1, SLC2A2, SCL2A3, and SLC2A4 were determined. SLC2A1 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein, and SLC2A4 mRNA were abundant in the uterine luminal epithelium of pregnant compared to cycling gilts, and increased in response to progesterone and conceptus-secreted estrogen. SLC2A2 mRNA was expressed weakly by conceptus trophectoderm on day 15 of pregnancy, whereas SLC2A3 mRNA was abundant in trophectoderm/chorion throughout pregnancy. Therefore, glucose can be transported into the uterine lumen by SLC2A1, and then into conceptuses by SLC2A3. On day 60 of gestation, the cell-specific expression of these transporters was more complex, suggesting that glucose and fructose transporters are precisely regulated in a spatial-temporal pattern along the uterine-placental interface of pigs to maximize hexose sugar transport to the pig conceptus/placenta.

scholarly journals Analysis of the uterine lumen in fertility-classified heifers: I. Glucose, prostaglandins, and lipids†

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 456-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joao G N Moraes ◽  
Susanta K Behura ◽  
Thomas W Geary ◽  
Thomas E Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Uterine Lumen ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Extraembryonic Membranes ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Genes ◽  
Implantation Period

Abstract Survival and growth of the bovine conceptus (embryo and associated extraembryonic membranes) are dependent on endometrial secretions or histotroph found in the uterine lumen. Previously, serial embryo transfer was used to classify heifers as high fertile (HF), subfertile (SF), or infertile (IF). Here, we investigated specific histotroph components [glucose, prostaglandins (PGs), and lipids] in the uterine lumen of day 17 pregnant and open fertility-classified heifers. Concentrations of glucose in the uterine lumen were increased by pregnancy but did not differ among fertility-classified heifers. Differences in expression of genes encoding glucose transporters and involved with glycolysis and gluconeogenesis were observed between conceptuses collected from HF and SF heifers. In the uterine lumen, PGE2 and PGF2α were increased by pregnancy, and HF heifers had higher concentrations of PGE2, PGF2α, and 6-keto-PFG1α than SF heifers. Differences were found in expression of genes regulating PG signaling, arachidonic acid metabolism, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling among conceptuses and endometrium from fertility-classified heifers. Lipidomics was conducted exclusively in samples from HF heifers, and phosphatidylcholine was the main lipid class that increased in the uterine lumen by pregnancy. Expression of several lipid metabolism genes differed between HF and SF conceptuses, and a number of fatty acids were differentially abundant in the uterine lumen of pregnant HF and SF heifers. These results support the ideas that uterine luminal histotroph impacts conceptus survival and programs its development and is a facet of dysregulated conceptus–endometrial interactions that result in loss of the conceptus in SF cattle during the implantation period of pregnancy establishment.

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