scholarly journals Activation cross sections of gamma-emitters produced in deuteron induced reactions on $${}^{{209}}$$Bi up to 50 MeV

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Tárkányi ◽  
S. Takács ◽  
F. Ditrói ◽  
Z. Szűcs ◽  
K. Brezovcsik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Thick Target ◽  
Activation Technique ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Decay Products ◽  
Foil Activation ◽  
On Line ◽  
Stacked Foil Activation Technique ◽  
D Model ◽  
Activation Cross Sections

AbstractDeuteron induced reactions on natural bismuth targets were investigated with the stacked foil activation technique up to 50 MeV. Excitation functions for the reactions $$^{\mathrm {209}}$$ 209 Bi(d,xn)$$^{\mathrm {207,206,205}}$$ 207 , 206 , 205 Po, Bi(d,x)$$^{\mathrm {207,205}}$$ 207 , 205 Bi and $$^{\mathrm {209}}$$ 209 Bi(d,x)$$^{\mathrm {203}}$$ 203 Pb obtained from gamma-spectra of decay products were compared with the results of our ALICE-D and EMPIRE-D model calculations, with the result of TALYS code taken from TENDL-2019 on-line library and the results of the only measurement performed earlier. Thick target yields were deduced from the fitted experimental cross sections.

ALPHA-INDUCED REACTIONS IN ANTIMONY

1994 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.K. BHARDWAJ ◽  
I.A. RIZVI ◽  
A.K. CHAUBEY
Keyword(s):  
Excitation Function ◽  
Beam Energy ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Reaction Yield ◽  
Activation Technique ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Equilibrium Fraction ◽  
Foil Activation ◽  
Stacked Foil Activation Technique

The excitation function of α-induced reactions on 121Sb and 123Sb has been measured. The α-beam energy ranges from 55.0±0.5 MeV to 21.9±1.2 MeV. In these experiments, the stacked foil activation technique was used. The reaction yield was measured by counting the gamma ray activity produced by the alpha-induced reactions. Results so obtained were compared with the calculations from the geometry-dependent hybrid (GDH) model. The assumption of initial exciton number n0=4 with n=2, p=2 and h=0 best satisfies the results measured in the present work. The model calculations were done using the ALICE/LIVERMORE-82 computer code. The pre-equilibrium fraction has also been calculated.

Nonequilibrium effects in α-particle-induced reactions in Cs and I

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
M K Bhardwaj ◽  
I A Rizvi ◽  
A K Chaubey
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Particle Energy ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Equilibrium Geometry ◽  
Activation Technique ◽  
Excitation Functions ◽  
Stacked Foil Activation Technique

The excitation functions for the reactions 127I(α,n)130Cs, 127I(α,2n)129Cs, 127I(α,4n)127Cs, 133Cs(α,2n)135La, and 133Cs(α,4n)133La have been measured up to 50 MeV alpha-particle energy using the stacked-foil activation technique and Ge(Li) gamma-ray spectroscopy. The measured cross sections were compared with theoretical calculations considering equilibrium as well as the pre-equilibrium geometry-dependent hybrid models of Blann. The high-energy tails of the excitation functions show a substantial contribution from pre-equilibrium emission. A general agreement is observed between the experimental results and theoretical predictions with an initial exciton configuration n0 = 4(2n + 2p + 0h).PACS No. 25.40-h

Excitation function for α-particle-induced reactions in light-mass nuclei

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. L. Singh ◽  
S. Agarwal ◽  
J. Rama Rao
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Excitation Function ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Activation Technique ◽  
Scattering Effects ◽  
Foil Activation ◽  
Stacked Foil Activation Technique ◽  
First Time ◽  
Existing Data

The excitation functions of 51V [(α, xn), x = 1.3; (α, p3n); (α, α3n) (α, 2α)] and 59Co[(α, 2n); (α, αxn); x = 1, 2] reactions were measured up to 50 MeV by the stacked-foil activation technique and high-resolution Ce(Li)–HPGe spectroscopy method. Of these 51V(α, xnypzα) reactions were studied for the first time with better accuracy than earlier measurements, which were done with a poor resolution scintillation–Ge(Li) detectors some 20 years ago. In the case of 59Co, existing data show large discrepancies at low energy. Comparisons are presented with the prediction of hybrid and exciton models. While for the (α, xn) type of reactions, reasonably explainable pre-equilibrium contributions are found, there seem to be indications of direct inelastic scattering effects in the (α, αxn) type of reactions.

Nonequilibrium effects in α-particle induced reactions on gallium isotopes

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 870-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Rizvi ◽  
M. K. Bhardwaj ◽  
M. Afzal Ansari ◽  
A. K. Chaubey
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Residual Nucleus ◽  
Reaction Cross ◽  
Activation Technique ◽  
Individual Reaction ◽  
Reaction Channels ◽  
Stacked Foil Activation Technique ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Reaction Cross Sections

The stacked foil activation technique and Ge(Li) γ-ray spectroscopy have been employed for the determination of the excitation functions, up to 60 MeV, of six reactions, 69Ga(α,n), (α,2n), (α,3n), (α,p3n); 71Ga(α,n) and (α,4n). Since natural gallium used as the target has two odd-mass stable isotopes of abundance, 69Ga(60.1%) and 71Ga(39.9%), their activation in some cases gives the same residual nucleus through different reaction channels, but with very different Q values. In such cases, the individual reaction cross sections are separated with the help of the ratio of their theoretical cross sections. A preliminary theoretical comparison with the preequilibrium geometry-dependent hybrid (GDH) model has been done using an initial exciton number no = 4 (2n + 2p + 0h), and general agreement was found for all reactions at high energies.

Article

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 785-791
Author(s):  
N L Singh ◽  
D J Shah ◽  
H B Patel
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Model ◽  
Alpha Particle ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Particle State ◽  
Activation Technique ◽  
Natural Iron ◽  
Foil Activation ◽  
Stacked Foil Activation Technique

The stacked-foil activation technique and HPGe gamma-ray spectroscopy were used for the investigation of alpha-particle-induced reactions on natural iron up to 50 MeV. Excitation functions for the production of reaction residues 57Ni, 56Ni, 58Co, 57Co, and 56Co from alpha-particle-induced reactions on 56Fe were measured with a view to improve the quality of earlier measurements. The experimental results were compared with calculations considering equilibrium as well as preequilibrium reactions according to hybrid model of Blann (ALICE/90). It was found that the initial exciton configuration n0= 4(2p + 2n + 0h ) i.e., pure particle state appears to give a good fit to the experimental data.PACS No.: 25.60

scholarly journals Isomeric cross section study of neutron induced reactions on Ge isotopes

2020 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 01028
Author(s):  
R. Vlastou ◽  
A. Kalamara ◽  
G. Gkatis ◽  
A. Stamatopoulos ◽  
M. Kokkoris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Residual Nucleus ◽  
Activation Technique ◽  
Flux Variation ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Neutron Beams ◽  
Hpge Detectors ◽  
Empire Code

Cross sections for the 70,76Ge(n,2n), 72,73Ge(n,p) and 72,74Ge(n, α) reactions have been measured at the 5.5 MV tandem T11/25 Accelerator Laboratory of NCSR Demokritos, using the activation technique. Neutron beams have been produced in the ~16-20 MeV energy region, by means of the 3H(d,n)4He reaction. The maximum flux has been determined to be of the order of 105 n/cm2 s, while the flux variation of the neutron beam was monitored by using a BF3 detector. The cross section has been deduced with respect to the 27Al(n, α)24Na and 93Nb(n,2n)92mNb reference reactions. The contaminations from reactions induced on neighboring Ge isotopes and leading to the same residual nucleus, have been taken into account. After the end of the irradiations, the activity induced by the neutron beams at the targets and reference foils, has been measured by HPGe detectors. Statistical model calculations using the EMPIRE code were performed on the data measured in this work as well as on data reported in literature.

Analysis of the excitation function of alpha-particle-induced reactions on natural silver

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 618-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. Patel ◽  
M. S. Gadkari ◽  
Bhruna Dave ◽  
N. L. Singh ◽  
S. Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Residual Nucleus ◽  
Reaction Cross ◽  
Activation Technique ◽  
Individual Reaction ◽  
Reaction Channels ◽  
Stacked Foil Activation Technique ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Reaction Cross Sections

Excitation functions of the reactions 107Ag[(α, n); (α, 2n); (α, αn); (α, α2n)] and,109Ag[(α, 2n); (α, 3n); (α, 4n); (α, α3n); (α, α4n)] were investigated up to 70 MeV by the stacked foil activation technique and Ge(Li) gamma-ray spectroscopy method. Since the natural silver used as the target has two odd mass stable isotopes of abundance 51.83% (107Ag) and 48.17% (109Ag), their activation in some cases gives the same residual nucleus through different reaction channels, but with very different Q values. In such cases, the individual reaction cross sections are separated with the help of the ratio of theoretical cross sections. The experimental cross sections were compared with the predictions of a pre-equilibrium hybrid model. The (α, xn) reactions are fairly well reproduced with initial exciton number n0 = 4(4p0h), whereas (α, αxn) reactions are underestimated in magnitude by a factor of five to six.

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