THE FALSE VACUUM BUBBLE, THE TRUE VACUUM BUBBLE, AND THE INSTANTON SOLUTION IN CURVED SPACE

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
BUM-HOON LEE ◽  
CHUL H. LEE ◽  
WONWOO LEE ◽  
CHANGHEON OH
Keyword(s):  
False Vacuum ◽  
Instanton Solution ◽  
Curved Space ◽  
True Vacuum

scholarly journals COLEMAN–DE LUCCIA TUNNELING AND THE GIBBONS–HAWKING TEMPERATURE

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (05) ◽  
pp. 1019-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-H. HENRY TYE ◽  
DANIEL WOHNS ◽  
YANG ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Tunneling ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Thermal Fluctuation ◽  
Hawking Temperature ◽  
Vacuum Energy Density ◽  
Thin Wall ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Tunneling Process ◽  
True Vacuum

We study Coleman–de Luccia tunneling in some detail. We show that, for a single scalar field potential with a true and a false vacuum, there are four types of tunneling, depending on the properties of the potential. A general tunneling process involves a combination of thermal (Gibbons–Hawking temperature) fluctuation part way up the barrier followed by quantum tunneling. The thin-wall approximation is a special limit of the case (of only quantum tunneling) where inside the nucleation bubble is the true vacuum while the outside reaches the false vacuum. Hawking–Moss tunneling is the (only thermal fluctuation) limit of the case where the inside of the bubble does not reach the true vacuum at the moment of its creation, and the outside is cut off by the de Sitter horizon before it reaches the false vacuum. A typical tunneling process is a combination of thermal and quantum tunnelings. We estimate the tunneling rate for this case and find that the corrections to the Hawking–Moss formula can be large. In all cases, we see that the Euclidean action of the bounce decreases rapidly as the vacuum energy density increases, signaling that the tunneling is not exponentially suppressed. This phenomenon may be interpreted as a finite temperature effect due to the Gibbons–Hawking temperature of the de Sitter space. As an application, we discuss the implication of this tunneling property to the cosmic landscape.

Phase transitions and topological defects

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kachelriess
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Early Universe ◽  
Topological Defects ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
First Order ◽  
Broken Symmetries ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
True Vacuum ◽  
First Order Phase

As the early universe cools down, it may perform transitions to phases with more and more broken symmetries. In a first-order phase transition, fields may be trapped in the false vacuum; the rate of the resulting tunneling process to the true vacuum is derived. Phase transitions can lead also to the formation of topological defects. Their structure and the reason for their stability are discussed.

Decay of the true vacuum in curved space-time

1987 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1088-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimyeong Lee ◽  
Erick J. Weinberg
Keyword(s):  
Space Time ◽  
Curved Space ◽  
True Vacuum

scholarly journals Explaining Defects of the Universal Vacua with Black Holes-Hedgehogs and Strings

Universe ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
C. Das ◽  
L. Laperashvili ◽  
H. Nielsen ◽  
B. Sidharth
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Planck Scale ◽  
Topological Defects ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Higgs Bosons ◽  
Multiple Point ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
Yang Mills ◽  
True Vacuum ◽  
The Stability

Assuming the Multiple Point Principle (MPP) as a new law of Nature, we considered the existence of the two degenerate vacua of the Universe: (a) the first Electroweak (EW) vacuum at v 1 ≈ 246 GeV—“true vacuum”, and (b) the second Planck scale “false vacuum” at v 2 ∼ 10 18 GeV. In these vacua, we investigated different topological defects. The main aim of the paper is an investigation of the black-hole-hedgehogs configurations as defects of the false vacuum. In the framework of the f ( R ) gravity, described by the Gravi-Weak unification model, we considered a black-hole solution, which corresponds to a “hedgehog”—global monopole, that has been “swallowed” by the black-hole with mass core M B H ∼ 10 18 GeV and radius δ ∼ 10 − 21 GeV − 1 . Considering the results of the hedgehog lattice theory in the framework of the S U ( 2 ) Yang-Mills gauge-invariant theory with hedgehogs in the Wilson loops, we have used the critical value of temperature for the hedgehogs’ confinement phase ( T c ∼ 10 18 GeV). This result gave us the possibility to conclude that the SM shows a new physics (with contributions of the S U ( 2 ) -triplet Higgs bosons) at the scale ∼10 TeV. This theory predicts the stability of the EW-vacuum and the accuracy of the MPP.

scholarly journals MULTIVERSE IN THE THIRD QUANTIZED HORAVA–LIFSHITZ THEORY OF GRAVITY

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 1250007 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIR FAIZAL
Keyword(s):  
Baryon Number ◽  
Scaling Factor ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
Present Value ◽  
The Third ◽  
True Vacuum ◽  
Lifshitz Theory ◽  
Theory Of Gravity ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Detail Balance

In this paper we analyze the third quantization of Horava–Lifshitz theory of gravity without detail balance. We show that the Wheeler–DeWitt equation for Horava–Lifshitz theory of gravity in minisuperspace approximation becomes the equation for time-dependent harmonic oscillator. After interpreting the scaling factor as the time, we are able to derive the third quantized wave function for multiverse. We also show in third quantized formalism it is possible that the universe can form from nothing. Then we go on to analyze the effect of introducing interactions in the Wheeler–DeWitt equation. We see how this model of interacting universes can be used to explain baryogenesis with violation of baryon number conservation in the multiverse. We also analyze how this model can possibly explain the present value of the cosmological constant. Finally we analyze the possibility of the multiverse being formed from perturbations around a false vacuum and its decay to a true vacuum.

Gravitational black-holes-hedgehogs and two degenerate vacua of the Universe

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850022 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Sidharth ◽  
C. R. Das ◽  
L. V. Laperashvili ◽  
H. B. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Planck Scale ◽  
Topological Defects ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Multiple Point ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
Yang Mills ◽  
True Vacuum ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Universe

In the present paper, assuming the Multiple Point Principle (MPP) as a new law of Nature, we considered the existence of the two degenerate vacua of the Universe: the first Electroweak (EW) vacuum at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GeV — “true vacuum”, and the second Planck scale “false vacuum” at [Formula: see text] GeV. In these vacua, we investigated different topological defects. The main aim of this paper is an investigation of the black-hole-hedgehogs configurations as defects of the false vacuum. In the framework of the [Formula: see text] gravity, described by the Gravi-Weak unification model, we considered a black-hole solution, which corresponds to a “hedgehog” — global monopole, that has been “swallowed” by the black-hole with mass core [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GeV and radius [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GeV[Formula: see text]. Considering the results of the hedgehog lattice theory in the framework of the [Formula: see text] Yang–Mills gauge-invariant theory with hedgehogs in the Wilson loops, we have used the critical value of temperature for the hedgehogs confinement phase ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GeV). This result gave us the possibility to conclude that the SM shows a new physics with contributions of the [Formula: see text]-triplet Higgs bosons at the scale [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]TeV. Theory predicts the stability of the EW-vacuum and the accuracy of the MPP.

NUCLEATION OF VACUUM BUBBLES OF A SELF-GRAVITATING SCALAR FIELD

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 340-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUL H. LEE ◽  
WONWOO LEE
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Order Phase Transition ◽  
Nonminimal Coupling ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
True Vacuum ◽  
Self Gravity ◽  
First Order Phase

The case of a self-gravitating scalar field under-going the first-order phase transition is studied. Particularly the effects of self gravity on the nucleation of vacuum bubbles is investigated. We also investigate what modifications are induced by the introduction of nonminimal coupling of the scalar field. The possibility of nucleation of false vacuum bubbles within the true vacuum background in the case of a nonminimally coupled scalar field is discussed.

Confinement of disordered radiation by a false vacuum

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 1566-1568
Author(s):  
C. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
Transition Region ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
Astrophysical Object ◽  
Higgs Vacuum ◽  
True Vacuum ◽  
The Common

The common belief that ultrarelativistic particles and disordered radiation obeying the equation of state P = ε/3 cannot be contained by the gravitational field is shown to be incorrect if a thin film of Higgs vacuum (away from the minimum of the potential) is allowed to provide a transition region between the interior and the true vacuum outside the astrophysical object.

scholarly journals Bubble formation in ϕ6 potential

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. 1055-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatem Widyan
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Bubble Formation ◽  
Thick Wall ◽  
Thin Wall ◽  
Zero Temperature ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
True Vacuum ◽  
11.10 Wx

The scalar field theory of the ϕ6 potential is studied at zero temperature and at high temperature. The equations of motion are solved numerically to obtain O(4) spherical symmetric and O(3) cylindrical symmetric bounce solutions. These solutions control the rates for tunneling from the false vacuum to the true vacuum by bubble formation. The range of validity of the thin-wall approximation is investigated. An analytical solution for the bounce is presented, which reproduces the action in the thin-wall as well as the thick-wall limits. PACS Nos.: 11.10.Ef, 05.70.Fh, 11.10.Wx

scholarly journals Explaining Defects of the Universal Vacua with Black Holes-Hedgehogs and Strings

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.R. Das ◽  
L.V. Laperashvili ◽  
H.B. Nielsen ◽  
B.G. Sidharth
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Planck Scale ◽  
Topological Defects ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Higgs Bosons ◽  
Multiple Point ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
Yang Mills ◽  
True Vacuum ◽  
The Stability

Assuming the Multiple Point Principle (MPP) as a new law of Nature, we considered the existence of the two degenerate vacua of the Universe: a) the first Electroweak (EW) vacuum at $v_1\approx 246$ GeV—“true vacuum”, and b) the second Planck scale “false vacuum” at $v_2 \sim 10^{18}$ GeV. In these vacua, we investigated different topological defects. The main aim of the paper is an investigation of the black-hole-hedgehogs configurations as defects of the false vacuum. In the framework of the $f(R)$ gravity, described by the Gravi-Weak unification model, we considered a black-hole solution, which corresponds to a “hedgehog”—global monopole, that has been “swallowed” by the black-hole with mass core $M_{BH}\sim 10^{18}$ GeV and radius $\delta\sim 10^{-21}$ GeV$^{-1}$. Considering the results of the hedgehog lattice theory in the framework of the $SU(2)$ Yang-Mills gauge-invariant theory with hedgehogs in the Wilson loops, we have used the critical value of temperature for the hedgehogs’ confinement phase ($T_c\sim 10^{18}$ GeV). This result gave us the possibility to conclude that the SM shows a new physics (with contributions of the $SU(2)$-triplet Higgs bosons) at the scale $\sim 10$ TeV. This theory predicts the stability of the EW-vacuum and the accuracy of the MPP.

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