QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF FLUORIDE AND MULTI ELEMENTS OF SHARK TEETH BY PIXE

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
S. SAKURAI ◽  
R. ASAKAWA ◽  
F. HIROTA ◽  
T. SATO ◽  
K. SERA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Concentration ◽  
Good Accuracy ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Fluorine Concentration ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sample Preparation Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Shark Teeth ◽  
South Of Japan ◽  
Near Future

Biomineralization has two types, biologically induced mineralization (BIM) and biologically controlled mineralization (BCM). Shark teeth is a typical representative of BCM. We have measured concentrations of fluorine and multi elements in shark teeth collected in the south of Japan. As a result, it was confirmed that the sample preparation method, which was established for the biological samples, is applicable to the shark teeth samples and the elemental concentration was obtained in good accuracy and reproducibility. Moreover, we clarified that the shark teeth is composed of Fluorapatite by the combination with X-ray Diffraction. Fluorine concentration is found to be 5500 µg/g in the shark teeth. We have 100 samples of Shark teeth and are planning on reporting the findings of a study with larger samples in the near future.

FLUORINE AND MULTI-ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF MUSHROOM SAMPLES BY MEANS OF PIXE SYSTEM

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 285-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. ITOH ◽  
S. FUTATSUGAWA ◽  
Y. SAITOH ◽  
K. SERA
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Concentration ◽  
Good Accuracy ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Fluorine Concentration ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Measured Concentration ◽  
Specific Element ◽  
Iwate Prefecture ◽  
Multi Element Analysis

We have measured concentration of multi elements including fluorine in mushrooms collected in Iwate prefecture, Japan. As a result, it was confirmed that the sample preparation method, which was established for the plant samples, is applicable to the mushroom samples and the elemental concentration was obtained in good accuracy and reproducibility. Moreover, it becomes clear that the mushroom takes a specific element selectively depending on its species, and it is found that to analyze various kinds of mushrooms is of great use as a way of monitoring environmental pollution. Fluorine concentration is found to be 7-68 ppm in the mushroom samples. However, clear correlation of fluorine and other elements was not observed in each sample in this study.

Influence of the sample preparation method of the ultra-small-angle x-ray scattering of lightly sulfonated polystyrenes

1993 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4064-4066 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. Grady ◽  
H. Matsuoka ◽  
Y. Nakatani ◽  
S. L. Cooper ◽  
N. Ise
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Sample Preparation Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Ray Scattering

scholarly journals The Preparation and Chemical Structure Analysis of Novel POSS-Based Porous Materials

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Yang ◽  
Guangzhong Yin ◽  
Zhiyong Li ◽  
Pengfei Wu ◽  
Xiaopei Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Materials ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Related Research ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Solvent Water ◽  
Oligomeric Silsesquioxane

In this work, we reported the preparation and chemical analysis of novel polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-based porous materials, which were prepared according to Friedel-Crafts chloromethylation by using aluminum chloride as the catalyst and dichloromethane as the solvent. Through controlling the treatment solvent (water or methanol) and kinds of POSS, several materials with different morphologies were conveniently obtained. The chemical structure of porous materials was systematically characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, 29Si Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), 13C NMR, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The samples were further characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to study their crystallinity, morphology, and thermal properties, respectively. The work systematically demonstrated the chemical structure of the porous materials. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of the preparation method and typical properties of the material were evaluated through a comparative analysis with other related research works.

Preparation and characterization of poly(3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane) nanocomposite using organophilic montmorillonite clay (Mag-cetyltrimethylammonium)

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (28-30) ◽  
pp. 4313-4322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Embarek ◽  
Nabahat Sahli ◽  
Mohammed Belbachir
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Electronic Microscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Organophilic Clay ◽  
Linear Poly ◽  
Organophilic Montmorillonite

Nanocomposites of linear poly(3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane) based on Algerian natural organophilic clay: montmorillonite–cetyltrimethylammonium named Maghnite-CTA were prepared by enhancing the dispersion of the matrix polymer in sheets of the organoclay. The effect of the organoclay, used with different amounts (3, 5, and 7% by weight) and the preparation method were studied in order to determine and evaluate their structural, morphological and thermal properties. X-ray diffraction analysis of obtained nanocomposites showed a significant change in the distance interlayer of montmorillonite–cetyltrimethylammonium. Therefore, interlayer expansion and exfoliation of linear poly(3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane) between layers of montmorillonite–cetyltrimethylammonium were observed. The thermal properties of the prepared nanocomposites were given by thermogravimetric analysis. The structure and morphology of the obtained materials were determined respectively by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electronic microscopy. The results obtained have approved the privilege of the intercalation of linear poly(3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane) in the interface of montmorillonite–cetyltrimethylammonium and the best quantity of organoclay required to prepare nanocomposite with a high thermal stability is 5% (by weight).

Aluminium Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon via Solution Derived Catalyst

2013 ◽  
Vol 481 ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Ian Yi Yu Bu
Keyword(s):  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Vacuum Solution ◽  
Solution Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Induced Crystallization ◽  
Probe Measurements

In this paper, aluminum induced crystallization (AIC) was studied by examining the effect of using solution derived AlCl3 catalyst. Such catalyst preparation method offers possibility of low-cost, non-vacuum solution process and allows examination of the role of alumina on the AIC process. The deposited AIC films were examined by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and four probe measurements. It was found that AIC process is highly dependent on annealing temperature and can occur at annealing temperatures above 500°C through Al2O3 formation. Based on the presented data, a possible growth model is proposed to clarify AIC mechanism.

Interface and Volume Anisotropy of MBE-Grown Co/Pt (111), (110) and (001) and Sputtered CO/Pt Multilayers

1993 ◽  
Vol 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Weiler ◽  
R.F.C. Farrow ◽  
R.F. Marks ◽  
G.R. Harp ◽  
H. Notarys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Good Accuracy ◽  
Anisotropy Constant ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Gaas Substrates ◽  
Plane Anisotropy ◽  
Plane Direction ◽  
Total Average

ABSTRACTA quantitative determination of interface (Ks) and volume anisotropy {?ψ) constants of MBE and sputtered CO/Pt Multilayers is reported. Torque and VSM Magnetometry were used to determine the total average anisotropy and the room temperature magnetization of four different series of films with varying Co thickness and nearly constant Pt thickness. All films were characterized with X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence, allowing the determination of the “Magnetic” volume with good accuracy. Both Ks and Jeff are found to be orientation dependent. We find the following results for MBE films grown on Ag buffered GaAs substrates and highly < 111 > textured films, grown on etched SiNx buffers:(111) Ks = 0.97mJ/m2, Kveff =-0.74MJ/m3 MBE(111) Ks = 0.92mJ/m2, Kveff =-l.lIMJ/m3 sputtered(110) Ks = 0.42mJ/m2, Kveff =-l.95MJ/m3 MBE(001) Ks = 0.59mJ/m2, Kveff =-5.98MJ/m3 MBEThe [110]-oriented MBE films show in addition a large (intrinsic) in-plane anisotropy constant K‖0≃-3MJ/m3 which is found to be independent of the Co thickness. [100] is the easy and [110] the hard in-plane direction.

DEVELOPMENT OF SAMPLE PREPARATION METHOD FOR ENGINE LUBRICATING OIL ANALYSIS USING IN-AIR PIXE

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATSUMI SAITOH ◽  
TAKAHIRO ISHIKAWA ◽  
HIROYUKI ISO ◽  
TERUAKI KONISHI ◽  
HITOSHI IMASEKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preparation Method ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Oil Analysis ◽  
Liquid Sample ◽  
Helium Ions ◽  
Sample Preparation Method ◽  
Automobile Engine ◽  
Pixe Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Oil Additives

We originally developed a preparation method for samples of automobile engine lubricating oil (liquid sample) specifically designed for in-air particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis with Helium ions. In the developed preparation method, target samples were fixed by making the oil sample sandwiches with 1% collodion solution based ethanol. With this analytical method, elements such as Al , Si , P , S , Cl , Ca and Zn can be detected from the oil samples, while Si , P , S , Ca and Zn were the elemental components of the oil additives.

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