Black to white hole tunneling: An exact classical solution

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (28n29) ◽  
pp. 1545015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hal M. Haggard ◽  
Carlo Rovelli
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Quantum Tunneling ◽  
Einstein Equations ◽  
White Hole ◽  
Small Quantum ◽  
Pile Up ◽  
Over Time

We present a metric that describes conventional matter collapsing into a black hole, bouncing and emerging from a white hole, and that satisfies the vacuum Einstein equations everywhere, including in the interior of the black hole and the subsequent white hole, except for a small compact 4d “quantum tunneling” zone. This shows that a black hole can tunnel into a white hole without violating classical general relativity where this can be trusted. We observe that quantum gravity can affect the metric in a region outside the horizon without violating causality because small quantum effects might pile up over time. We study how quantum theory can determines the bouncing time.

scholarly journals Revisiting the Black Hole Entropy and the Information Paradox

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovidiu Cristinel Stoica
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Black Hole Entropy ◽  
Principle Of Equivalence ◽  
Information Paradox ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Black Hole Information

The black hole information paradox and the black hole entropy are currently extensively researched. The consensus about the solution of the information paradox is not yet reached, and it is not yet clear what can we learn about quantum gravity from these and the related research. It seems that the apparently irreducible paradoxes force us to give up on at least one well-established principle or another. Since we are talking about a choice between the principle of equivalence from general relativity and some essential principles from quantum theory, both being the most reliable theories we have, it is recommended to proceed with caution and search more conservative solutions. These paradoxes are revisited here, as well as the black hole complementarity and the firewall proposals, with an emphasis on the less obvious assumptions. Some arguments from the literature are reviewed, and new counterarguments are presented. Some less considered less radical possibilities are discussed, and a conservative solution, which is more consistent with both the principle of equivalence from general relativity and the unitarity from quantum theory, is discussed.

“Prehistoric” Quantum Gravity

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-70
Author(s):  
Dean Rickles
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Philosophical Nature

In this chapter we examine the very earliest work on the problem of quantum gravity (understood very liberally). We show that, even before the concept of the quantization of the gravitational field in 1929, there was a fairly lively investigation of the relationships between gravity and quantum stretching as far back as 1916, and certainly no suggestion that such a theory would not be forthcoming. Indeed, there are, rather, many suggestions explicitly advocating that an integration of quantum theory and general relativity (or gravitation, at least) is essential for future physics, in order to construct a satisfactory foundation. We also see how this belief was guided by a diverse family of underlying agendas and constraints, often of a highly philosophical nature.

scholarly journals Black Holes and Wormholes in Extended Gravity

Universe ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Alexeyev ◽  
Maxim Sendyuk
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
General Relativity ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Gravity Models ◽  
Astrophysical Data ◽  
Effective Gravity ◽  
Extended Gravity ◽  
Theory Of Gravity ◽  
Hawking Evaporation

We discuss black hole type solutions and wormhole type ones in the effective gravity models. Such models appear during the attempts to construct the quantum theory of gravity. The mentioned solutions, being, mostly, the perturbative generalisations of well-known ones in general relativity, carry out additional set of parameters and, therefore could help, for example, in the studying of the last stages of Hawking evaporation, in extracting the possibilities for the experimental or observational search and in helping to constrain by astrophysical data.

scholarly journals The Quantum Cosmological Constant

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephon Alexander ◽  
Joao Magueijo ◽  
Lee Smolin
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Uncertainty Relation ◽  
Time Variable ◽  
Transition Functions ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Chern Simons

We present an extension of general relativity in which the cosmological constant becomes dynamical and turns out to be conjugate to the Chern–Simons invariant of the Ashtekar connection on a spatial slicing. The latter has been proposed Soo and Smolin as a time variable for quantum gravity: the Chern–Simons time. In the quantum theory, the inverse cosmological constant and Chern–Simons time will then become conjugate operators. The “Kodama state” gets a new interpretation as a family of transition functions. These results imply an uncertainty relation between Λ and Chern–Simons time; the consequences of which will be discussed elsewhere.

scholarly journals On the emergence of the structure of physics

2018 ◽  
Vol 376 (2118) ◽  
pp. 20170231 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Majid
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Quantum Space ◽  
Conceptual Level ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Self Duality ◽  
Born Reciprocity

We consider Hilbert’s problem of the axioms of physics at a qualitative or conceptual level. This is more pressing than ever as we seek to understand how both general relativity and quantum theory could emerge from some deeper theory of quantum gravity, and in this regard I have previously proposed a principle of self-duality or quantum Born reciprocity as a key structure. Here, I outline some of my recent work around the idea of quantum space–time as motivated by this non-standard philosophy, including a new toy model of gravity on a space–time consisting of four points forming a square. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Hilbert’s sixth problem’.

scholarly journals Renormalizable and Unitary Lorentz Invariant Model of Quantum Gravity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Larin
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Curvature Tensor ◽  
Quantum Theory Of Gravitation ◽  
Proper Choice ◽  
Invariant Model ◽  
Self Consistent ◽  
Theory Of Gravitation

We analyze the R + R2 model of quantum gravity where terms quadratic in the curvature tensor are added to the General Relativity action. This model was recently proved to be a self-consistent quantum theory of gravitation, being both renormalizable and unitary. The model can be made practically indistinguishable from General Relativity at astrophysical and cosmological scales by the proper choice of parameters.

scholarly journals Electron as Kerr's super-rotating black hole

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Gravitational Interaction ◽  
Higgs Field ◽  
Higgs Model ◽  
Einstein Equations ◽  
Electron Charge ◽  
Field Equations

The known weakness of Gravity in particle physics is a delusion caused by underestimation of the role of spin. Spin of elementary particles is extremely high and exceeds mass on 20-22 orders (in unit’s c = G = m = k = 1). The caused by spinning gravity framedragging distorts space much stronger than mass, that shifts the usual effective scale of gravitational interaction from Planck to Compton distances. We show that compatibility between gravity and quantum theory can be achieved without modifications of the Einstein equations, by using a model of super-bag a no perturbative particle like solution to supersymmetric system of the Landau-Ginzburg (Higgs) field equations. Super-bag generates a free from gravity Compton zone for quantum theory. Shape of the bag is defined unambiguously by spinning Kerr-Newman solution. For parameters of an electron (charge e, spin J, and mass m) super-bag forms a thin superconducting disk of Compton radius coupled with circular string along its perimeter. The supersymmetric LG (Higgs) model is naturally upgraded to Wess-Zumino super-QED model, forming a bridge to perturbative formalism of conventional QED.

scholarly journals Traversable Wormholes, Regular Black Holes, and Black-Bounces

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Alexander Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
General Relativity ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Einstein Equations ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Alternative Theories Of Gravity ◽  
Regular Black Hole ◽  
Traversable Wormhole ◽  
Regular Black Holes ◽  
Traversable Wormholes

<p>Various spacetime candidates for traversable wormholes, regular black holes, and ‘black-bounces’ are presented and thoroughly explored in the context of the gravitational theory of general relativity. All candidate spacetimes belong to the mathematically simple class of spherically symmetric geometries; the majority are static (time-independent as well as nonrotational), with a single dynamical (time-dependent) geometry explored. To the extent possible, the candidates are presented through the use of a global coordinate patch – some of the prior literature (especially concerning traversable wormholes) has often proposed coordinate systems for desirable solutions to the Einstein equations requiring a multi-patch atlas. The most interesting cases include the so-called ‘exponential metric’ – well-favoured by proponents of alternative theories of gravity but which actually has a standard classical interpretation, and the ‘black-bounce’ to traversable wormhole case – where a metric is explored which represents either a traversable wormhole or a regular black hole, depending on the value of the newly introduced scalar parameter a. This notion of ‘blackbounce’ is defined as the case where the spherical boundary of a regular black hole forces one to travel towards a one-way traversable ‘bounce’ into a future reincarnation of our own universe. The metric of interest is then explored further in the context of a time-dependent spacetime, where the line element is rephrased with a Vaidya-like time-dependence imposed on the mass of the object, and in terms of outgoing/ingoing EddingtonFinkelstein coordinates. Analysing these candidate spacetimes extends the pre-existing discussion concerning the viability of non-singular black hole solutions in the context of general relativity, as well as contributing to the dialogue on whether an arbitrarily advanced civilization would be able to construct a traversable wormhole.</p>

scholarly journals Varying Newton Constant and Black Hole to White Hole Quantum Tunneling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grigory Volovik
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Quantum Tunneling ◽  
Black Hole Thermodynamics ◽  
Black Hole Mass ◽  
Schwarzschild Black Hole ◽  
Dimensionless Quantity ◽  
White Hole ◽  
Thermodynamic Variable ◽  
Euclidean Action ◽  
Thermodynamics Of Black Holes

The thermodynamics of black holes is discussed for the case, when the Newton constant G is not a constant, but is the thermodynamic variable. This gives for the first law of the Schwarzschild black hole thermodynamics: d S BH = &minus; A d K + d M T BH , where the gravitational coupling K = 1 / 4 G , M is the black hole mass, A is the area of horizon, and T BH is Hawking temperature. From this first law it follows that the dimensionless quantity M 2 / K is the adiabatic invariant, which in principle can be quantized if to follow the Bekenstein conjecture. From the Euclidean action for the black hole it follows that K and A serve as dynamically conjugate variables. This allows us to calculate the quantum tunneling from the black hole to the white hole, and determine the temperature and entropy of the white hole.

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