EXTRACTION OF COGNITIVE CHARACTERISTIC FUNCTIONS ACCORDING TO VARIOUS PARAMETER CHANGES OF VIBRATORY STIMULATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (08) ◽  
pp. 1940052
Author(s):  
MI-HYUN CHOI ◽  
SOON-CHEOL CHUNG
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Function ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Characteristic Functions ◽  
Vibratory Stimulation ◽  
Cognitive Characteristics ◽  
Cognitive Characteristic ◽  
Normal Cognitive Function ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Vibration Simulation ◽  
The Right

In this study, vibratory stimuli with various intensities (four levels) and frequencies (10, 50, 100, 150, 200, 225, 250 and 300[Formula: see text]Hz) were applied to the right index finger to extract cognitive characteristic functions for the intensity and frequency. For subjective assessment, an experiment was conducted with 30 healthy adults in their twenties who were right-handed and had normal cognitive function. One trial of the experiment was composed of a vibration phase (0.1 s) and a rest phase (10 s). After vibration simulation was applied once for each intensity and frequency, the participants filled out a subjective assessment form. After extracting the score of each word, the cognitive characteristic function was derived through discriminant analysis and regression analysis according to the frequency and intensity. Through the cognitive characteristic function, the level of cognitive characteristics of each word can be investigated according to the influence of the frequency and intensity. The results observed through the cognitive characteristics function of each word showed that the words affected by the frequency and intensity were “light,” “thick,” “heavy,” “blunt,” “vibrating,” “fast” and “weak.” “Itchy” and “slow” were cognitive characteristics affected only by the frequency, and “strong” and “push” were affected only by the intensity. Through the vibratory stimulation presentation parameters, i.e., frequency and intensity, the results capable of predicting the degrees of various cognitive characteristics were presented.

A NONLINEAR DYNAMICS PERSPECTIVE OF WOLFRAM'S NEW KIND OF SCIENCE PART V: FRACTALS EVERYWHERE

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3701-3849 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEON O. CHUA ◽  
VALERY I. SBITNEV ◽  
SOOK YOON
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Function ◽  
Characteristic Functions ◽  
Global Dynamics ◽  
Local Rule ◽  
Digital To Analog Converter ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Global Representation ◽  
Synaptic Coefficient ◽  
The Right

This fifth installment is devoted to an in-depth study of CA Characteristic Functions, a unified global representation for all 256 one-dimensional Cellular Automata local rules. Except for eight rather special local rules whose global dynamics are described by an affine (mod 1) function of only one binary cell state variable, all characteristic functions exhibit a fractal geometry where self-similar two-dimensional substructures manifest themselves, ad infinitum, as the number of cells (I + 1) → ∞. In addition to a complete gallery of time-1 characteristic functions for all 256 local rules, an accompanying table of explicit formulas is given for generating these characteristic functions directly from binary bit-strings, as in a digital-to-analog converter. To illustrate the potential applications of these fundamental formulas, we prove rigorously that the "right-copycat" local rule [Formula: see text] is equivalent globally to the classic "left-shift" Bernoulli map. Similarly, we prove the "left-copycat" local rule [Formula: see text] is equivalent globally to the "right-shift" inverse Bernoulli map. Various geometrical and analytical properties have been identified from each characteristic function and explained rigorously. In particular, two-level stratified subpatterns found in most characteristic functions are shown to emerge if, and only if, b1 ≠ 0, where b1 is the "synaptic coefficient" associated with the cell differential equation developed in Part I. Gardens of Eden are derived from the decimal range of the characteristic function of each local rule and tabulated. Each of these binary strings has no predecessors (pre-image) and has therefore no past, but only the present and the future. Even more fascinating, many local rules are endowed with binary configurations which not only have no predecessors, but are also fixed points of the characteristic functions. To dramatize that such points have no past, and no future, they are henceforth christened "Isles of Eden". They too have been identified and tabulated.

scholarly journals Review of Cognitive Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Performance on Six Subtests on Four Versions of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mizuho Takayanagi ◽  
Yoko Kawasaki ◽  
Mieko Shinomiya ◽  
Hoshino Hiroshi ◽  
Satoshi Okada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Cognitive Characteristics ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis study was a systematic review of research using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) to examine cognitive characteristics of children with ASD beyond the impact of revisions based on WISC and diagnostic criteria changes. The classic “islets of ability” was found in individuals with full-scale IQs < 100. The “right-descending profiles” were observed among high IQ score individuals. High levels on the Block Design and low Coding levels were consistently found regardless of the variation in intellectual functioning or diagnosis. This review identified patterns of cognitive characteristics in ASD individuals using empirical data that researchers may have previously been aware of, based on their experiences, owing to the increased prevalence of ASD.

SOME EXTENSIONS OF A LEMMA OF KOTLARSKI

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 925-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirill Evdokimov ◽  
Halbert White
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Function ◽  
Characteristic Functions ◽  
Real Zeros ◽  
Number Of Zeros ◽  
Weaker Conditions

This note demonstrates that the conditions of Kotlarski’s (1967, Pacific Journal of Mathematics 20(1), 69–76) lemma can be substantially relaxed. In particular, the condition that the characteristic functions of M, U1, and U2 are nonvanishing can be replaced with much weaker conditions: The characteristic function of U1 can be allowed to have real zeros, as long as the derivative of its characteristic function at those points is not also zero; that of U2 can have an isolated number of zeros; and that of M need satisfy no restrictions on its zeros. We also show that Kotlarski’s lemma holds when the tails of U1 are no thicker than exponential, regardless of the zeros of the characteristic functions of U1, U2, or M.

Certain Fourier Transforms of Distributions: II

1954 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 186-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Lukacs ◽  
Otto Szász
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Function ◽  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Laplace Transforms ◽  
Characteristic Functions ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Multiple Roots ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Class Of Functions

In an earlier paper (1), published in this journal, a necessary condition was given which the reciprocal of a polynomial without multiple roots must satisfy in order to be a characteristic function. This condition is, however, valid for a wider class of functions since it can be shown (2, theorem 2 and corollary to theorem 3) that it holds for all analytic characteristic functions. The proof given in (1) is elementary and has some methodological interest since it avoids the use of theorems on singularities of Laplace transforms. Moreover the method used in (1) yields some additional necessary conditions which were not given in (1) and which do not seem to follow easily from the properties of analytic characteristic functions.

scholarly journals Prozodia, semantyka, styl – o hierarchii poziomów ekwiwalencji w tłumaczeniu piosenki kabaretowej (studium przypadku: polskojęzyczne warianty Money… Freda Ebba)

LingVaria ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2(32)) ◽  
pp. 119-129
Author(s):  
Aneta Wysocka
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Text Organization ◽  
Cabaret Songs ◽  
Similar Images ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Pragmatic Equivalence

Prosody, Semantics and Style. On the Hierarchy of Levels of Equivalence in the Translation of Cabaret Songs (Case Study: Polish Versions of Fred Ebb's Money…) The article is a case study and contains a comparative analysis of four variants of the Polish translation of Fred Ebb and John Kander’s song Money… from the musical “Cabaret”. The author of the translation is Wojciech Młynarski, one of the most respected Polish songwriters of the second half of the twentieth century. In the study, an assumption is made that Młynarski, who repeatedly changed versions of his translation, sought to create the most faithful rendition of the songs from the musical for the needs of the Polish stage. His efforts can be observed at four levels of text organization. The translator aimed mainly for sound equivalence, i.e. conformity with the original song in terms of rhythm (word stress), rhyme (consonance) and voice instrumentation and, to a lesser extent, sound imitation. He also cared about pragmatic equivalence by rendering into Polish the original intentions, with particular emphasis on the modes of indirect communication, such as irony and satire. However, other aspects of equivalence remained in the background. Not everywhere the translator managed to keep the cognitive equivalence, i.e. convergence of imagery, by translating scenes and scenarios that were part of cultural knowledge into parallel ones and, more broadly, by trying to evoke similar images in the mind of the reader and listener. His efforts to achieve the effect of broadly understood stylistic equivalence were also noteworthy; only to a small extent they consisted in giving the right stylistic coloring to the individual lexical items which had their English equivalents, and they mainly boiled down to translating stylistic games that did not necessarily cover the same fragments of the song, though were usually based on the same mechanism (a clash between low and high style, absurdity). The analysis shows that the translator adopted tabular rather than linear approach to the original.

scholarly journals PENGARUH JENIS PELARUT TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK MENIRAN (Phyllanthus niruri L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 458
Author(s):  
Rizky Amalia Rachmawati ◽  
Ni Wayan Wisaniyasa ◽  
I Ketut Suter
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Phyllanthus Niruri ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
The Right

This study was conducted to determine the effect of different solvents on the antioxidant activity of gale of the wind extract and to find out the right type of solvent used to extract gale of the wind with the highest antioxidant activity using maceration method. The experimental design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with a type of solvent as a treatment. The treatment consisting of four levels, namely methanol, ethanol, acetone, isopropanol. All treatments were repeated four times so that they were obtained 16 experimental units. The data obtained were analyzed by variance and if the treatment had significant effect followed by Duncan test. The results showed that the type of solvent treatment had a very significant effect on yield, total phenol, total flavonoids, total tannin, and antioxidant activity (IC50). The results showed that acetone solvent had the best treatment which produced a yield of 22.58%, total phenol content of 188.77 mg GAE/g, total flavonoid content of 247.60 mg QE/g, total tannin content of 297.51mg TAE/g, and antioxidant activity (IC50) of 15.19 ppm.

scholarly journals Choosing the Right Systems Integration

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (35) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matúš Péči ◽  
Pavel Važan
Keyword(s):  
Main Part ◽  
Systems Integration ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
The Future ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
The Right ◽  
A Company ◽  
Levels Of Integration ◽  
Levels Of Control

Abstract The paper examines systems integration and its main levels at higher levels of control. At present, the systems integration is one of the main aspects participating in the consolidation processes and financial flows of a company. Systems Integration is a complicated emotionconsuming process and it is often a problem to choose the right approach and level of integration. The research focused on four levels of integration, while each of them is characterized by specific conditions. At each level, there is a summary of recommendations and practical experience. The paper also discusses systems integration between the information and MES levels. The main part includes user-level integration where we describe an example of such integration. Finally, we list recommendations and also possible predictions of the systems integration as one of the important factors in the future.

The Effects of Lifting Posture on Trunk Muscle Activity

1992 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 742-746
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Hamrick ◽  
Sean Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Latissimus Dorsi ◽  
Trunk Muscle ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Oblique Muscle ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
External Oblique ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
The Right ◽  
Guidelines And Recommendations

Trunk muscle activity of twelve healthy males with coal mining experience was examined while each subject lifted a box under various conditions. The independent variables were four levels of posture (kneeling, stooped under a 1.2 m roof, stooped under a 1.6 m roof, and standing), height to which the box was lifted (35 cm or 70 cm), and weight of the lifting box (15 kg, 20 kg, or 25 kg). The dependent variables were the peak EMG values recorded during a lift for each of eight trunk muscles (left and right erectores spinae, left and right latissimus dorsi, left and right external oblique, and left and right rectus abdominis). Posture and weight of lift significantly affected peak activity of the left and right erectores spinae, the left and right latissimus dorsi muscles, and the right external oblique muscle. The latissimus dorsi muscle activity was highest in the low stooping posture, and was lowest in the kneeling posture, while erectores spinae activity was highest in the kneeling posture and decreased as the trunk became more flexed. Thus, the muscle activity during lifting tasks is affected by restricting a worker's posture. Consequently, many lifting guidelines and recommendations currently in use may not be directly applicable to work being performed in restricted postures.

A new weighting scheme for arc based circle cone-beam CT reconstruction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Xiang-Gen Xia ◽  
Chuanjiang He ◽  
Zemin Ren ◽  
Jian Lu
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Function ◽  
Weighting Function ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Characteristic Functions ◽  
Projection Data ◽  
Ct Reconstruction ◽  
Scanning Angle ◽  
Beam Geometry

In this paper, we present an arc based fan-beam computed tomography (CT) reconstruction algorithm by applying Katsevich’s helical CT image reconstruction formula to 2D fan-beam CT scanning data. Specifically, we propose a new weighting function to deal with the redundant data. Our weighting function ϖ ( x _ , λ ) is an average of two characteristic functions, where each characteristic function indicates whether the projection data of the scanning angle contributes to the intensity of the pixel x _ . In fact, for every pixel x _ , our method uses the projection data of two scanning angle intervals to reconstruct its intensity, where one interval contains the starting angle and another contains the end angle. Each interval corresponds to a characteristic function. By extending the fan-beam algorithm to the circle cone-beam geometry, we also obtain a new circle cone-beam CT reconstruction algorithm. To verify the effectiveness of our method, the simulated experiments are performed for 2D fan-beam geometry with straight line detectors and 3D circle cone-beam geometry with flat-plan detectors, where the simulated sinograms are generated by the open-source software “ASTRA toolbox.” We compare our method with the other existing algorithms. Our experimental results show that our new method yields the lowest root-mean-square-error (RMSE) and the highest structural-similarity (SSIM) for both reconstructed 2D and 3D fan-beam CT images.

Integral Limit Laws for Additive Functions

1973 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-203
Author(s):  
J. Galambos
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Function ◽  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Characteristic Functions ◽  
Asymptotic Formulas ◽  
Mean Value Theorem ◽  
Multiplicative Functions ◽  
Additive Functions ◽  
Limit Laws ◽  
Integral Limit

In the present paper a general form of integral limit laws for additive functions is obtained. Our limit law contains Kubilius’ results [5] on his class H. In the proof we make use of characteristic functions (Fourier transforms), which reduces our problem to finding asymptotic formulas for sums of multiplicative functions. This requires an extension of previous results in order to enable us to take into consideration the parameter of the characteristic function in question. We call this extension a parametric mean value theorem for multiplicative functions and its proof is analytic on the line of [4].

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