Numerical Simulation of the Grains Growth on Titanium Alloy Electron Beam Welding Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (06) ◽  
pp. 1840023
Author(s):  
Xiaogang Liu ◽  
Haiding Guo ◽  
M. M. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Source Model ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Modified Model ◽  
Ca Model ◽  
Distribution Algorithms ◽  
Equiaxed Grains

In the paper, the grain growth of TC4-DT (Damage Tolerance) alloy joint during electron beam welding (EBW) process was simulated by using Cellular Automaton method. In order to consider the effects of the growth of neighborhood cellular on the center cells in the model, the solid fraction and solute distribution algorithms of classical CA model were improved. The growth of equiaxed grains and columnar crystals under uniform and nonuniform temperature fields was simulated successfully by applying the modified model, respectively. The temperature distribution near the fusion line of TC4-DT EBW joint was also calculated by using double ellipsoid heat source model. Then, coupling the CA model with the temperature field, the grain growth process of the cross-section of the welded zone was simulated. The simulation result fits well with experimental ones on the morphology and the size of the columnar crystals.

Welding-Brazing Characteristic in Electron Beam Joining Vanadium Alloy and Stainless Steel

2015 ◽  
Vol 1088 ◽  
pp. 130-134
Author(s):  
Ya Rong Wang ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Wei Chao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Residual Tensile Stress ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Vanadium Alloy

The high vacuum electron beam welding-brazing was used to joining vanadium alloy (V-5Cr-5Ti) with stainless–steel (HR-2). The temperature fields and stress distributions in the V-5Cr-5Ti/HR-2 joint during the welding process were numerically simulated and the effect of the electron beam off-set distance was studied. The results show that the accurate heat input and proper molten pool position can help to control the fusion ratio of the V/Fe. The electron beam should off set on the stainless steel side rather than vanadium alloy side, and the best range of the distances off-set is 0-0.5mm. The residual stress appears to be bimodal and asymmetric. The maximum lateral residual tensile stress reached 388MPa at the V-5Cr-5Ti side. The joints with the characters of welding and brazing and the metallurgically bonded joint was achieved with 0.3mm beam off-set. With the liquid-to-solid interalloying of dissimilar materials controlled well, a reaction zone is gained on the interface. The maximum tensile strength of vanadium alloy/stainless-steel dissimilar alloy jointswas up to 200MPa with no defect.

Numerical Simulation of Welding Thin Titanium Sheets

2013 ◽  
Vol 549 ◽  
pp. 407-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Lacki ◽  
Konrad Adamus
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Source Model ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Titanium Grade ◽  
Sheet Deformation

Different titanium grades are used in aircraft construction because of titaniums unique properties. These materials are mostly joined by different welding methods. Electron beam welding technology is often used in the aircraft industry to join structural elements made of titanium alloys. The goal of the work is a numerical analysis of the electron beam welding process applied to joining thin titanium sheets. The analysis was performed using finite element method, FEM. Temperature distribution, size of heat affected zone (HAZ), depth and width of fusion zone were determined for the assumed heat source model. Thermo-mechanical (TMC) simulation of the electron beam welding process using FEM is presented in the paper. The joining of two sheets, one made of commercially pure titanium Grade 2 and the other made of titanium alloy Grade 5 (Ti6Al4V), is analysed in the work. For the sheet welding process distributions of temperature, effective stress, and sheet deformation were calculated.

scholarly journals Effect of Electron Beam Welding Parameters on Temperature and Stress Field of AISI P20 Tool Steel in Vacuum Roll-cladding Process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
lanyu mao ◽  
Zongan Luo ◽  
Yingying Feng ◽  
Xiaoming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Stress Field ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Aisi P20

Abstract Vacuum roll-cladding (VRC) is an effective method to produce high quality ultra-heavy AISI P20 plate steel. In the process of VRC, reasonable welding process of electron beam welding (EBW) can significantly avoid welding cracks and reduce the cost. In this paper, the electron beam welding process of AISI P20 tool steel was simulated by using a combined heat source model based on finite element method, and the temperature field and stress field under different welding parameters were studied respectively . The results showed that welding parameters have a greater effect on weld penetration than that of weld width, which making the aspect ratio increases with the increase of welding current, and decrease with the increase of welding speed. The weld morphologies were consistent with those of the modeling and the measured thermal heat curves were good agreement with those of simulated, which was verified the feasibility and effectiveness of temperature fields. The results of stress fields under different welding parameters indicat ed that lower welding speed and higher welding current resulting in lower residual stress at welded joint, which means lower risk of cracking after EBW. The results of this study have been successfully applied to industrial production.

Mathematical Modeling of Energy Distribution in Entering a Beam into the Workpiece Material in the Course of Electron Beam Welding

Vestnik MEI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
Sergey O. Kurashkin ◽  
◽  
Vadim S. Tynchenko ◽  
Aleksandr V. Murygin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Welding Processes

Modeling of electron beam welding processes is one of the most important parts of applied research, because full-scale experimental investigations are either expensive or highly labor intensive. The problem of modeling the temperature fields at the electron beam entering stage during welding is considered. The aim of the study is to simplify the adjustment of the electron beam welding process technological parameters and to elaborate and develop more efficient control algorithms through replacing full-scale experiments by model ones. The mathematical body of the proposed solutions is constructed using the theories of thermal and welding processes, based on which the energy distribution mathematical models are developed. For practically implementing the computations, an algorithmic support is presented that allows the mathematical models to be applied in modern modeling systems, such as Matlab, Comsol Multiphysics, and Ansys. Apart from supplementing the set of existing mathematical models of the electron beam welding process, the obtained models for calculating the temperature in the beam entering area widen their application for calculating and optimizing the welding process, taking into account the workpiece temperature in the electron beam entering area. By using the proposed solutions, several numerical experiments were carried out for a workpiece made of VT-14 titanium alloy and two pieces of different thickness made of AMg-6 aluminum alloy. The obtained temperature fields and the rms values of process parameters are almost identical with the results of previously conducted full-scale studies.

GRADIENT BOOSTING METHOD APPLICATION TO SUPPORT PROCESS DECISIONS IN THE ELECTRON-BEAM WELDING PROCESS

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-214
Author(s):  
V. S. Tynchenko ◽  
◽  
I. A. Golovenok ◽  
V. E. Petrenko ◽  
A. V. Milov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Boosting Method

Study on Electron Beam Welding of AZ61 Magnesium Alloy

2010 ◽  
Vol 34-35 ◽  
pp. 1516-1520
Author(s):  
Hong Ye ◽  
Han Li Yang ◽  
Zhong Lin Yan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
Weld Zone ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Beam Current ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Section Shape

Electron beam welding process of AZ61 with 10mm thickness magnesium alloys was investigated. The influence of processing parameters including focusing current, welding beam current and welding speed was researched. The results show that an ideal weld bead can be formed by choosing processing parameters properly. Focusing current is main parameter that determines cross section shape. The beam current and welding speed are main parameters that determine the weld width and dimensions. The test results for typical welds indicate that the microhardness of the weld zone is better than that of the base meta1. A fine-grained weld region has been observed and no obvious heat-affected zone is found. The fusion zone mainly consists of small α-Mg phase and β-Mg17A112. The small grains and β phases in the joint are believed to play an important role in the increase of the strength of weld for AZ61 magnesium alloys.

scholarly journals Development of Welding P92 Pipes Using the Reduced Pressure Electron Beam Welding Process for a Study of Creep Performance

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Bagshaw ◽  
Chris Punshon ◽  
John Rothwell
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Type Iv Cracking

Boiler and steam piping components in power plants are fabricated using creep strength enhanced ferritic (CSEF) steels, which often operate at temperatures above 550°C. Modification of alloy content within these steels has produced better creep performance and higher operating temperatures, which increases the process efficiency of power plants. The improved materials, however, are susceptible to type IV cracking at the welded regions. A better understanding of type IV cracking in these materials is required and is the basis of the Technology Strategy Board (TSB) UK funded VALID (Verified Approaches to Life Management & Improved Design of High Temperature Steels for Advanced Steam Plants) project. In order to study the relationship between creep performance and heat input during welding, several welds with varying amounts of heat input and resultant HAZ widths were produced using the electron beam welding process. The welding parameters were developed with the aid of weld process modeling using the finite element (FE) method, in which the welding parameters were optimized to produce low, medium and high heat input welds. In this paper, the modeling approach and the development of electron beam welds in ASTM A387 grade P92 pipe material are presented. Creep specimens were extracted from the welded pipes and testing is ongoing. The authors acknowledge the VALID project partners, contributors and funding body: Air Liquide, Metrode, Polysoude, E.ON New Build & Technology Ltd, UKE.ON, Doosan, Centrica Energy, SSE, Tenaris, TU Chemnitz, The University of Nottingham, The Open University and UK TSB. Paper published with permission.

Mathematic Model and Method for Solving the Heat-Exchange Problem in Electron-Beam Welding of Arbitrary Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 291 ◽  
pp. 173-182
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Berdnyk
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
Integral Transformation ◽  
Mathematic Model ◽  
Convergent Series ◽  
Dirichlet Boundary Conditions ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Space ◽  
First Time

For the first time in this article, a mathematical model has been developed for calculating the temperature fields in arbitrary areas in electron-beam welding; this model was created in the form of a boundary value problem of mathematical physics for a parabolic equation of heat conductivity with Dirichlet boundary conditions. A new integral transformation was constructed for a two-dimensional finite space, with the use of which, as well as the finite element method and Galerkin's method, a temperature field has been determined in the form of a convergent series.

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