Report on Session 1b
INTRODUCTIONThe published literature on the topic of glacigenic sediments is both transdisciplinary and extensive.Table 1 shows the papers in this session but includes two papers shown, at the bottom of the Table, which were included in Session 1a. Nine out of the twelve papers listed deal with till as one of the soils, consequently this review concentrates on this particular soil type.BACKGROUNDGlacial soils of the Quaternary may be as old as 2 million years on the one hand and yet may be very recent on the other. In reality, most of the glacially-derived soils (at least in the mid-latitudes) derive from the Anglian stage of the Pleaistocene or younger, and therefore are less than 500,000 years old.Subsequent to deposition, Pleistocene soils may have experienced multiple episodes of vertical and horizontal ice-loading and unloading and the further combined effects of, for example, permafrost, freeze-thaw, oxidation, decalcification and weathering may all have contributed to the making of an end-product quite difference as an Engineering material from the original sediment.The generalised lowland glacial domain, within which these sediments are formed, classically embodies proglacial, subglacial, englacial and supraglacial components which, taken together, can produce complex superimposed till-outwash-till sequences.GRADINGIt could be argued, therefore, that textural and mineralogical criteria along are inadequate as a basis for the identification of difference till types due, mainly to the considerable overlap in this respect. Therefore as a basis for discrimating between various till types there has been increasing emphasis in the geological literature