Integrated 3D-stacked server designs for increasing physical density of key-value stores

Abstract Settling velocity of particles, which is the main parameter of jig separation, is affected by physical (density) and the geometrical properties (size and shape) of particles. The authors worked out a calculation algorithm of particles settling velocity distribution for irregular particles assuming that the density of particles, their size and shape constitute independent random variables of fixed distributions. Applying theorems of probability, concerning distributions function of random variables, the authors present general formula of probability density function of settling velocity irregular particles for the turbulent motion. The distributions of settling velocity of irregular particles were calculated utilizing industrial sample. The measurements were executed and the histograms of distributions of volume and dynamic shape coefficient, were drawn. The separation accuracy was measured by the change of process imperfection of irregular particles in relation to spherical ones, resulting from the distribution of particles settling velocity.

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A new photometric method for oxygen consumption measurements in cell suspensions

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1986.61.2.449 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 449-455 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

W. Mueller-Klieser ◽

R. Zander ◽

P. Vaupel

Keyword(s):

Volume Fraction ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Cell Suspensions ◽

Measuring System ◽

Photometric Method ◽

O2 Consumption ◽

Physical Density ◽

O2 Concentration ◽

Consumption Rates ◽

Time Required

A new technique is described for measuring O2 consumption rates and O2 concentrations in suspensions of respiring cells. Aliquots of a cell suspension kept in a special thermostated precision syringe are injected into the measuring system in defined time intervals. The O2 content of these samples is determined photometrically, as reported previously. The O2 consumption per cellular wet weight and/or per single cell can be calculated from the cell volume fraction, the physical density, the cell concentration in the suspension, and the time-dependent decline of the O2 concentration in the precision syringe. The minimum detectable amount of O2 is 0.1 microliter O2, which corresponds to 0.001 (vol/vol) of O2 if a 100-microliters sample of suspended cells is analyzed. Reproducibility of the O2 consumption measurement is 9% of the measured value. The advantages offered by this method are the straightforward calibration in absolute terms, the short time required for one analysis (2–6 min), a high sensitivity, the simultaneous determination of overall O2 concentration and O2 consumption rates in cell suspensions, and the great variability in the application.

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Gravity and aeromagnetic modeling of alluvial basins in the southern Truckee Meadows adjacent to the Steamboat Hills geothermal area, Washoe County, Nevada

Geophysics ◽

10.1190/1.1925739 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

pp. B1-B9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

John D. Skalbeck ◽

Robert E. Karlin ◽

Lisa Shevenell ◽

Michael C. Widmer

Keyword(s):

Thermal Water ◽

Geothermal System ◽

Well Log ◽

Geothermal Area ◽

Geologic Structure ◽

Log Data ◽

Physical Density ◽

Definition Of ◽

Washoe County ◽

Geologic Data

The concurrent development of the Steamboat Hills geothermal area for power production and the adjacent alluvial aquifers for drinking water in Washoe County, Nevada, necessitates a good understanding of the hydrogeologic connection between these water resources. The problem is that adequate characterization of the subsurface geologic structure is not possible with existing geologic data. This need prompted us to construct a detailed 3D representation of the subsurface geologic structure based on 2.75D forward modeling of 11 gravity and aeromagnetic profiles constrained by geologic data and physical (density, magnetic susceptibility, remanent magnetic) properties. Potential-fields modeling results provided greater definition of the alluvial basins, and when combined with well-log data, yield an overall basin volume surrounding Steamboat Hills that is 64% greater than the volume derived from well-log data alone. A representation of the geothermal reservoir, consisting of altered granodiorite and metamorphic rocks, illustrates that the flow of thermal water is fault controlled. The model also suggests that thermal water may upflow along an unexplored fault flanking western Steamboat Hills. North-trending faults that conduct thermal water from the geothermal system to the alluvial aquifer appear to be zones of altered volcanics that produce subtle aeromagnetic anomalies.

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From acoustic to elastic inverse extended Born modeling: a first insight in the marine environment

Geophysics ◽

10.1190/geo2020-0916.1 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-73

Author(s):

Milad Farshad ◽

Hervé Chauris

Keyword(s):

Least Squares ◽

Marine Environment ◽

Computational Cost ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Reverse Time ◽

Reverse Time Migration ◽

S Wave ◽

Time Migration ◽

Physical Density ◽

Acoustic Approximation

Elastic least-squares reverse time migration is the state-of-the-art linear imaging technique to retrieve high-resolution quantitative subsurface images. A successful application requires many migration/modeling cycles. To accelerate the convergence rate, various pseudoinverse Born operators have been proposed, providing quantitative results within a single iteration, while having roughly the same computational cost as reverse time migration. However, these are based on the acoustic approximation, leading to possible inaccurate amplitude predictions as well as the ignorance of S-wave effects. To solve this problem, we extend the pseudoinverse Born operator from acoustic to elastic media to account for the elastic amplitudes of PP reflections and provide an estimate of physical density, P- and S-wave impedance models. We restrict the extension to marine environment, with the recording of pressure waves at the receiver positions. Firstly, we replace the acoustic Green's functions by their elastic version, without modifying the structure of the original pseudoinverse Born operator. We then apply a Radon transform to the results of the first step to calculate the angle-dependent response. Finally, we simultaneously invert for the physical parameters using a weighted least-squares method. Through numerical experiments, we first illustrate the consequences of acoustic approximation on elastic data, leading to inaccurate parameter inversion as well as to artificial reflector inclusion. Then we demonstrate that our method can simultaneously invert for elastic parameters in the presence of complex uncorrelated structures, inaccurate background models, and Gaussian noisy data.

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Accurate physical density assessments from clinical spectral results

Medical Imaging 2021: Physics of Medical Imaging ◽

10.1117/12.2581748 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Matthew Hwang ◽

Harold I. Litt ◽

Peter B. Noël ◽

Nadav Shapira

Keyword(s):

Physical Density

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The effect of polyester recycled tire fibers mixed with ground tire rubber on polyethylene composites. Part II

Progress in Rubber Plastics and Recycling Technology ◽

10.1177/1477760618798268 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 128-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Siavosh Moghaddamzadeh ◽

Denis Rodrigue

Keyword(s):

Injection Molding ◽

Low Density Polyethylene ◽

Temperature Profiles ◽

Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽

Mechanical Tension ◽

Screw Speed ◽

Tire Rubber ◽

Ground Tire Rubber ◽

Extruder Screw ◽

Physical Density

This work reports on the mechanical (tension, flexion, and impact) and physical (density and hardness) properties of polyester recycled tire fibers (RTFs) mixed with ground tire rubber and linear low-density polyethylene with and without styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene grafted maleic anhydride as a compatibilizer. In particular, the effect of RTF content (10, 25, and 50 wt%), extruder screw speed (110, 180, and 250 r/min), and temperature profiles (extrusion and injection molding) was studied. The results showed that the best properties were obtained at the highest RTF content (50%) and extruder screw speed (250 r/min) combined with the lowest temperature profile in both extrusion and injection molding when the compatibilizer was added.

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PHYSICAL-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF METAVOLCANIC ROCKS OF THE MOUNTAIN CRIMEA

Engineering Geology World ◽

10.25296/1993-5056-2018-13-4-5-36-51 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (4-5) ◽

pp. 36-51

Author(s):

J. V. Frolova ◽

V. V. Ladygin ◽

E. M. Spiridonov ◽

G. N. Ovsyannikov

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Magnetic Susceptibility ◽

Volcanic Rocks ◽

Low Grade ◽

Secondary Mineral ◽

Grade Metamorphism ◽

Clastic Rocks ◽

Metavolcanic Rocks ◽

Physical Density ◽

Characteristic Values

The article considers the petrogenetic features of the volcanogenic rocks of the Middle Jurassic age of the Mountain Crimea and analyzes their influence on physical (density, porosity, water absorption, and magnetic susceptibility) and physical-mechanical properties (strength, modulus of elasticity, and Poisson's ratio). Among volcanogenic strata there are subvolcanic, effusive and volcanogenic-clastic rocks. All volcanic rocks were altered under the influence of the regional low-grade metamorphism of the zeolite and prehnite-pumpellyite facies, which resulted in a greenstone appearance. Among the secondary mineral the most common are albite, chlorite, quartz, adularia, sericite, calcite, pumpellyite, prenite, zeolites, epidote, sphene, and clay minerals. It is shown that low-grade metamorphism is characterized by heterogenious transformations: there are both slightly modified, practically fresh differences, and fully altered rocks. Tuffs are usually altered to a greater extent than effusive and subvolcanic rocks. In general, effusive and volcanogenic-clastic rocks differ markedly in their physicalmechanical properties, which is due to the peculiarities of their formation: the former are substantially more dense and stronger, less porous and compressible. However, these differences are leveled as a result of intensive changes in mineral composition and porosity in the process of low-grade metamorphism. The most characteristic values of metavolcanite properties were revealed. It is shown that among all studied parameters, the magnetic susceptibility most clearly correlates with the degree of rocks alteration.

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The spatial structure of US metropolitan employment: New insights from administrative data

Environment and Planning B Urban Analytics and City Science ◽

10.1177/2399808320934821 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 239980832093482

Author(s):

Robert Manduca

Keyword(s):

Unemployment Insurance ◽

Metropolitan Areas ◽

Spatial Layout ◽

High Resolution Data ◽

Tuning Parameters ◽

Physical Density ◽

Empirical Regularities ◽

Continuous Surface ◽

High Employment ◽

Surface Covering

Urban researchers have long debated the extent to which metropolitan employment is monocentric, polycentric, or diffuse. In this paper I use high-resolution data based on unemployment insurance records to show that employment in US metropolitan areas is not centralized but is spatially concentrated. Unlike residents, who form a continuous surface covering most parts of each metropolitan area, jobs have a bimodal spatial distribution, with most blocks containing no jobs whatsoever and a small number having extremely high employment densities. Across the 100 largest Metropolitan Statistical Areas, about 75% of jobs are located on the 6.5% of built land in Census blocks with at least twice as many jobs as people. These relative proportions are extremely consistent across cities, even though they vary greatly in the physical density at which they are constructed. Motivated by these empirical regularities, I introduce an algorithm to identify contiguous business districts and classify them into four major types. Based solely on the relative densities of employment and population, this algorithm is both simpler to implement and more flexible than current approaches, requiring no metro-specific tuning parameters and no assumptions about urban spatial layout.

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