CMRS: Towards Intelligent Recommendation for Choosing College Majors

Although college graduates earn substantial labor market rewards, not all college degrees are rewarded equally. Graduates who majored in female-dominated fields earn substantially lower incomes than do graduates who majored in male-dominated fields. Income differentials that are associated with different types of college majors are extensively noted but poorly understood. This article advances the previous literature by examining how college major affects the labor market outcomes of college graduates through its relationship with employment sector. The results show that graduates of female-dominated fields are disproportionately employed in public and nonprofit organizations, which offer lower monetary rewards but facilitate access to professional and managerial positions. Notably, college major and employment sector interact in ways that reduce income penalties and enhance the occupational location of graduates of female-dominated fields who work in public and nonprofit settings. These findings highlight the importance of considering organizational context in the study of labor market outcomes, particularly when examining the gendered character of educational credentials and occupations.

The human factor: assessing individuals’ perceptions related to cybersecurity

Information and Computer Security ◽

10.1108/ics-04-2020-0052 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Susan Ramlo ◽

John B. Nicholas

Keyword(s):

Computer Security ◽

Quantitative Research ◽

Q Methodology ◽

Educational Interventions ◽

Public And Private ◽

College Majors ◽

Content Type ◽

Quantitative Research Methods ◽

Security Breaches ◽

Study Participants

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to reveal and describe the divergent viewpoints about cybersecurity within a purposefully selected group of people with a range of expertise in relation to computer security. Design/methodology/approach Q methodology [Q] uses empirical evidence to differentiate subjective views and, therefore, behaviors in relation to any topic. Q uses the strengths of qualitative and quantitative research methods to reveal and describe the multiple, divergent viewpoints that exist within a group where individuals sort statements into a grid to represent their views. Analyses group similar views (sorts). In this study, participants were selected from a range of types related to cybersecurity (experts, authorities and uninformed). Findings Four unique viewpoints emerged such that one represents cybersecurity best practices and the remaining three viewpoints represent poor cybersecurity behaviors (Naïve Cybersecurity Practitioners, Worried but not Vigilant and How is Cybersecurity a Big Problem) that indicate a need for educational interventions within both the public and private sectors. Practical implications Understanding the divergent views about cybersecurity is important within smaller groups including classrooms, technology-based college majors, a company, a set of IT professionals or other targeted groups where understanding cybersecurity viewpoints can reveal the need for training, changes in behavior and/or the potential for security breaches which reflect the human factors of cybersecurity. Originality/value A review of the literature revealed that only large, nation-wide surveys have been used to investigate views of cybersecurity. Yet, surveys are not useful in small groups, whereas Q is designed to investigate behavior through revealing subjectivity within smaller groups.

Non-g Factors Predict Educational and Occupational Criteria: More than g

Journal of Intelligence ◽

10.3390/jintelligence6030043 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 43 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Thomas Coyle

Keyword(s):

Standardized Tests ◽

Future Research ◽

Special Issue ◽

Opposite Pattern ◽

College Majors ◽

Verbal Abilities ◽

Scientific Issue ◽

Armed Services ◽

Integration Effort ◽

G Factors

In a prior issue of the Journal of Intelligence, I argued that the most important scientific issue in intelligence research was to identify specific abilities with validity beyond g (i.e., variance common to mental tests) (Coyle, T.R. Predictive validity of non-g residuals of tests: More than g. Journal of Intelligence 2014, 2, 21–25.). In this Special Issue, I review my research on specific abilities related to non-g factors. The non-g factors include specific math and verbal abilities based on standardized tests (SAT, ACT, PSAT, Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery). I focus on two non-g factors: (a) non-g residuals, obtained after removing g from tests, and (b) ability tilt, defined as within-subject differences between math and verbal scores, yielding math tilt (math > verbal) and verbal tilt (verbal > math). In general, math residuals and tilt positively predict STEM criteria (college majors, jobs, GPAs) and negatively predict humanities criteria, whereas verbal residuals and tilt show the opposite pattern. The paper concludes with suggestions for future research, with a focus on theories of non-g factors (e.g., investment theories, Spearman’s Law of Diminishing Returns, Cognitive Differentiation-Integration Effort Model) and a magnification model of non-g factors.

Relation between Intuition and College Majors

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1986.63.1.328 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 328-328

Author(s):

Beverlie Eallik ◽

John Eliot

Keyword(s):

College Majors

Gender Gap in Italy: The Role of College Majors

Unexplored Dimensions of Discrimination ◽

10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198729853.003.0005 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 79-109 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Massimo Anelli ◽

Giovanni Peri

Keyword(s):

Gender Gap ◽

College Majors

The Relationship between College Major Prestige/Status and Post-baccalaureate Outcomes

Sociological Perspectives ◽

10.1177/0731121418803325 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 325-345 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Richard N. Pitt ◽

Lin Zhu

Keyword(s):

College Graduates ◽

Educational Status ◽

Early Career ◽

Occupational Prestige ◽

Advanced Degree ◽

Subjective Measures ◽

College Majors ◽

The Status ◽

Post Baccalaureate ◽

The Relationship

Since Blau and Duncan’s seminal work on social mobility, researchers have used subjective measures of occupational prestige to understand either the change or stability in generational socioeconomic statuses. While subjective measures of occupational prestige have been developed, the creation of measures of educational status and prestige that might serve as parallels to these measures has received less attention. In this paper, we attempt to create such a measure and then use it to test the relationship between educational status (measured through the status of college majors) and three important post-baccalaureate outcomes: income, educational attainment, and occupational prestige. Our results, based on a survey of 718 undergraduate seniors, shows that majors differ in prestige just as occupations do. Then, using the National Survey of College Graduates, we confirm that those differences are meaningful in predicting early career incomes, the attainment of an advanced degree, and the prestige rating of college graduates’ occupations.

The effects of the great recession on college majors

Economics of Education Review ◽

10.1016/j.econedurev.2020.102018 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 77 ◽

pp. 102018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fulya Y. Ersoy

Keyword(s):

Great Recession ◽

College Majors ◽

The Great Recession

A multi-theoretical framework to better understand the college major choice in arts and design

Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education ◽

10.1108/jarhe-11-2019-0277 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 1009-1023 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pranakusuma Sudhana ◽

Ali Ameen ◽

Osama Isaac

Keyword(s):

Social Cognitive ◽

Structural Model ◽

College Major ◽

Predictive Ability ◽

Measurement Model ◽

Integrated Model ◽

Major Choice ◽

College Majors ◽

Content Type ◽

College Major Choice

PurposeThis paper aims to identify career development theories that explain the intention to choose college majors in arts and design, to integrate the identified theories and to examine the relationships between determinants of the integrated model. In addition, this study attempts to identify the characteristics of the prospective arts and design students.Design/methodology/approachThe literature review resulted in a multitheoretical framework named as PERISCOPE (Personality of Holland's RIASEC in Social Cognitive and Planned Behavior Theories) to reflect the theories it consisted of. This study collected data from Year 12 students in Surabaya (n = 163) and used PLS-SEM technique to assess the measurement model and the structural model of such framework.FindingsThe results revealed that the integrated model explains 57.8 percent of the variance of the intention to pursue arts and design majors. This paper hence improves the predictive ability of an earlier model by adding a further theory. In addition, this study identified characteristics of the prospective students and concluded that students with artistic personality will have better self-efficacy, which sequentially have perception that pursuing arts and design majors will not be challenging, thus increases their intention to pursue such majors.Originality/valueThis study demonstrated that PERISCOPE framework is better in terms of predictive power in understanding the college major choice in arts and design. As a result, this study adds to the current body of knowledge in the field of college major choice, which was found to be lacking.