scholarly journals Recent Advances in Sustainable Buildings: Review of the Energy and Cost Performance of the State-of-the-Art Best Practices from Around the World

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.D. Danny Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Sustainable Buildings ◽  
Cost Performance ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
The World

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Big Data for Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic: A Survey on the State-of-the-Arts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quoc-Viet Pham ◽  
Dinh C. Nguyen ◽  
Thien Huynh-The ◽  
Won-Joo Hwang ◽  
Pubudu N. Pathirana
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Big Data ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The very first infected novel coronavirus case (COVID-19) was found in Hubei, China in Dec. 2019. The COVID-19 pandemic has spread over 215 countries and areas in the world, and has significantly affected every aspect of our daily lives. At the time of writing this article, the numbers of infected cases and deaths still increase significantly and have no sign of a well-controlled situation, e.g., as of 14 April 2020, a cumulative total of 1,853,265 (118,854) infected (dead) COVID-19 cases were reported in the world. Motivated by recent advances and applications of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data in various areas, this paper aims at emphasizing their importance in responding to the COVID-19 outbreak and preventing the severe effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. We firstly present an overview of AI and big data, then identify their applications in fighting against COVID-19, next highlight challenges and issues associated with state-of-the-art solutions, and finally come up with recommendations for the communications to effectively control the COVID-19 situation. It is expected that this paper provides researchers and communities with new insights into the ways AI and big data improve the COVID-19 situation, and drives further studies in stopping the COVID-19 outbreak.

scholarly journals Recent advances in understanding oxygen evolution reaction mechanisms over iridium oxide

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Naito ◽  
Tatsuya Shinagawa ◽  
Takeshi Nishimoto ◽  
Kazuhiro Takanabe
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Oxygen Evolution Reaction ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Iridium Oxide ◽  
The State ◽  
Computational Studies ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Iridium Oxides

Recent spectroscopic and computational studies concerning the oxygen evolution reaction over iridium oxides are reviewed to provide the state-of-the-art understanding of its reaction mechanism.

Lexicography

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mostafa Assi
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
The State ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Persian Language ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
History Of ◽  
Middle Persian ◽  
Modern Era

The history of lexicography in Iran dates back to more than 2,000 years ago, to the time of the compilation of bilingual and monolingual lexicons for the Middle Persian language. After a review of the long and rich tradition of Persian lexicography, the chapter gives an account of the state of the art in the modern era by describing recent advances and developments in this field. During the last three or four decades, in line with the advancements in western countries, Iranian lexicography evolved from its traditional state into a modern professional and academic activity trying to improve the form and content of dictionaries by implementing the following factors: the latest achievements in theoretical and applied linguistics related to lexicography; and the computer techniques and information technology and corpus-based approach to lexicography.

scholarly journals Estado del arte del rendimiento académico en la educación media

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 197-220
Author(s):  
Oscar Hernán Cerquera Losada
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The World ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
The Individual

Este documento muestra el Estado de arte de los determinantes del rendimiento académico en la educación media, teniendo en cuenta las principales investigaciones realizadas, tanto a nivel nacional como internacional, acerca de los factores que influyen en el logro escolar de los estudiantes. Con este trabajo, se busca establecer las principales variables, tanto en Colombia como en algunos lugares del mundo, que afectan el desempeño académico de los estudiantes. Este documento se organiza en dos sesiones, determinantes a nivel mundial y determinantes a nivel colombiano; cada sesión clasifica las investigaciones de acuerdo a los factores del estudiante, de la escuela y las características organizacionales y políticas. A pesar de existir muchas investigaciones sobre el tema, aún no se ha llegado a un consenso general sobre cómo determinar los factores del  rendimiento académico, pues en la realidad son muchas las características del individuo, la escuela o el sistema que se relacionan entre sí de diferente manera y pueden afectar el logro estudiantil.ABSTRACTThis document shows the state of the art of the determinants of academic achievement in secondary education, taking into account the main research conducted, both nationally and internationally, about the factors that influence school achievement of students. With this paper, we seek to establish the main variables which affect the academic achievement of students in Colombia as well as in some parts of the world. This document is organized in two sessions: world and Colombian determinants; each session classifies research according to the factors of the student, the school and organizational and political characteristics. Although there is much research on the topic so far it has not been possible to reach a consensus on how to determine the factors of academic achievement, because in reality many characteristics of the individual, of the school or of the system relate to each other differently and can affect student achievement.RESUMOEste documento mostra o Estado da arte dos determinantes do rendimento escolar no ensino medio, tendo em conta às principais pesquisas realizadas, tanto a nível nacional como internacionalmente, sobres os fatores que influenciam o desempenho escolar dos estudantes. Com este trabalho, se procura estabelecer as principais variáveis, tanto na Colômbia e em alguns lugares do mundo, afetando o desempenho acadêmico dos estudantes. Este documento está organizado em duas sessões, determinantes a nível mundial e determinantes a nível colombiano; cada sessão clasifica as pesquisas de acordó a os fatores do estudante, da escola e das características organizacionais e políticas. Embora haja muitas pesquisas sobre o tema, ainda não se chegou a um consenso geral sobre os fatores determinantes no desempenho acadêmico, porque na realidade são muitas as características do indivíduo, a escola ou o sistema que se relacionam uns com os outros de forma diferente e podem afetar o desempenho acadêmico.

scholarly journals A pilot for implementing environmental DNA (eDNA) based methods into environmental and biomonitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiina Laamanen ◽  
Veera Norros ◽  
Sanna Suikkanen ◽  
Mikko Tolkkinen ◽  
Kristiina Vuorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Bulk Sample ◽  
The State ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding

Environmental DNA (eDNA) and other molecular based approaches are revolutionizing the field of biomonitoring. These approaches undergo rapid modifications, and it is crucial to develop the best practices by sharing the newest information and knowledge. In our ongoing project we: assess the state-of-the-art of eDNA methods at Finnish Environment Institute SYKE; identify concrete next steps towards the long-term aim of implementing eDNA methods into environmental and biomonitoring; promote information exchange on eDNA methods and advance future research efforts both within SYKE and with our national and international partners. assess the state-of-the-art of eDNA methods at Finnish Environment Institute SYKE; identify concrete next steps towards the long-term aim of implementing eDNA methods into environmental and biomonitoring; promote information exchange on eDNA methods and advance future research efforts both within SYKE and with our national and international partners. Scientific background Well-functioning and intact natural ecosystems are essential for human well-being, provide a variety of ecosystem services and contain a high diversity of organisms. However, human activities such as eutrophication, pollution, land-use or invasive species, are threatening the state and functioning of ecosystems from local to global scale (e.g. Benateau et al. 2019; Reid et al. 2018; Vörösmarty et al. 2010). New molecular techniques in the field and in the laboratory have enabled sampling and identification of much of terrestrial, marine and freshwater biodiversity. These include environmental DNA (eDNA, e.g. Valentini et al. 2016) and bulk-sample DNA metabarcoding approaches (e.g. Elbrecht et al. 2017) and targeted RNA-based methods (e.g. Mäki and Tiirola 2018). The eDNA technique uses DNA that is released from organisms into their environment, from which a signal of organisms’ presence in the system can be obtained. For example, in aquatic ecosystems, eDNA is typically extracted from sediment or filtered water samples (e.g. Deiner et al. 2016), and this approach is distinguished from bulk DNA metabarcoding, where organisms are directly identified from e.g. complete biological monitoring samples (e.g. Elbrecht et al. 2017). Despite the demonstrated potential of environmental and bulk-sample DNA metabarcoding approaches in recent years, there are still significant bottlenecks to their routine use that need to be addressed (e.g. Pawlowski et al. 2020). Methods and implementati on The project is divided into three work packages: WP1 Gathering existing knowledge, identifying knowledge gaps and proposing best practices, WP2 Roadmap to implementation and WP3 eDNA monitoring pilot. Please see more details in the Fig. 1

Global Systemic Shift Redux: The State of the Art

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Benedikter ◽  
Katja Siepmann
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Work In Progress ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Systemic Shift

AbstractThe multidimensional nature of globalization is a work in progress, in many different ways throughout the world. This assessment follows upon an earlier one about the so-called global systemic shift – away from linear, hierarchical, and largely Eurocentric systems of thought and action toward something new, still to be defined and understood.

State-of-the-Art in Micro- and Meso-Scale Heat Exchangers

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Shekarriz ◽  
Charles J. Call
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Design Constraints ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Meso Scale

Abstract A review of the literature and the state-of-the-art in research and development of miniature heat exchangers is presented in this paper. The authors provide a discussion of what makes the micro- and meso-scales important, highlight the design constraints and challenges that surface when miniaturizing a heat exchanger, and outline and discuss the outstanding practical and scientific issues in this area. Finally, the most recent advances in manufacturing processes and application of these miniature heat exchangers are covered in this article.

Multimedia-Enabled Dot Codes as Communication Aids

2021 ◽  
pp. 331-345
Author(s):  
Shigeru Ikuta ◽  
Masamichi Watanuki ◽  
Shinya Abe
Keyword(s):  
Special Needs ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Communication Aids ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation

Grid Onput is a set of novel two-dimensional codes comprising extremely small dots. The present authors recently developed software to overlap the dot codes on the user's designed sheet, to create a content to replay audios, to create a standalone application to replay multimedia, and to create an application to replay multimedia on iPad. Simply touching the dot codes with a speaking-pen and/or a dot-code reader enables users to directly access the corresponding digital information; a maximum of four mediums can be easily linked to each dot code icon. In collaboration with schoolteachers all over the world, one of the authors, Shigeru Ikuta, has been creating a variety of original self-made content and conducting various activities at both general and special needs schools. This chapter outlines the recent development of the state-of-the-art Grid Onput dot code technology and presents basic information regarding the creation of original teaching materials using newly developed software and the use at both general and special needs schools.

Calligraphic Video

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Xin Wei
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Computational Physics ◽  
Graphical User Interfaces ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The World ◽  
Geometric Elements

Since 1984, Graphical User Interfaces have typically relied on visual icons that mimic physical objects like the folder, button, and trash can, or canonical geometric elements like menus, and spreadsheet cells. GUI’s leverage our intuition about the physical environment. But the world can be thought of as being made of stuff as well as things. Making interfaces from this point of view requires a way to simulate the physics of stuff in realtime response to continuous gesture, driven by behavior logic that can be understood by the user and the designer. The author argues for leveraging the corporeal intuition that people learn from birth about heat flow, water, smoke, to develop interfaces at the density of matter that leverage in turn the state of the art in computational physics.

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