Identifying the Economic Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture

The ultimate impact of climate change on human systems will depend on the natural resilience of ecosystems on which societies rely as well as on adaptation measures taken by agents, individually and collectively. No sector of the economy is more reliant on climate than agriculture. Evidence from the American settlement process suggests that societies can successfully adapt to new climatic environments. Whether and how much agriculture will manage to adapt to a changing climate remains an open question in the empirical economics literature, however. This article reviews the existing evidence on weather and/or climate impacts on agricultural outcomes from the economics literature, with a focus on methodological questions. Some key econometric issues associated with climate impact measurement are discussed. We also outline important questions that have not been adequately addressed and suggest directions for future research.

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Assessing the Impacts of Climate change on Crop Yields in different Agro-Climatic Zones of India

Journal of Atmospheric Science Research ◽

10.30564/jasr.v3i4.2269 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Naveen P Singh ◽

Bhawna Anand ◽

S K Srivastava ◽

K V Rao ◽

S K Bal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Climate Impact ◽

Significant Rise ◽

Agricultural System ◽

Adaptation Measures ◽

Climatic Zones ◽

Emissions Scenarios ◽

The Impact ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

Thestudy attempts to estimateand predict climate impact on crop yieldsusing future temperature projections under two climate emissions scenarios of RCP 4.5 and 8.5 for threedifferent time periods (2030s, 2050s and 2080s) across Agro-climatic zones (ACZ) of India.During the period 1966-2011, a significant rise was observed in both the annual mean maximum and minimum temperature across ACZs. Rainfall recorded an annual decline in Himalayan Regions and Gangetic Plains and a rise in Coastal Regions, Plateau & Hills and Western Dry Region.Our results showedhigh heterogeneity in climate impact onkharif and rabi crop yields (with both negative and positive estimates) across ACZs.It was found that rainfall had a positive effect on most of crop yields, but was not sufficient enough to counterbalance the impact of temperature.Changes in crop yield were more pronounced forhigheremission scenario of RCP 8.5. Thus, it was evident that the relative impacts of climate change and the associated vulnerability varyby ACZs, hence comprehensive crop and region-specific adaptation measures should be emphasized that helps in enhancing resilience of agricultural system in short to medium term.

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Introducing the beta version of ISIpedia, the open climate-impacts encyclopaedia

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-21584 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Burcu Yesil ◽

Quentin Lejeune ◽

Inga Menke ◽

Kaylin Lee ◽

Barbara Templ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

West Africa ◽

Eastern Europe ◽

Scientific Knowledge ◽

Stakeholder Engagement ◽

Climate Impact ◽

Climate Impacts ◽

Climate Services ◽

Beta Version ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

Despite the existing ample amount of scientific knowledge on the impacts of climate change, this information is often not conveyed in a way that is relevant and useful to decision makers. If designed correctly, climate services can bridge the gap between the knowledge providers and users. The ISIpedia project aims at developing an online encyclopedia&#160; that provides policy-relevant, user-driven climate impact information based on the data and scientific knowledge generated by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Inter-comparison Project (ISIMIP,) community. In order to ensure that the information provided is accessible and understandable, ISIpedia has facilitated a dialogue between modellers and stakeholders through a number of stakeholder engagement activities.&#160;The ISIpedia portal will deliver national- and global- level assessments of impacts of climate change across different sectors to the identified end-users that range from climate adaptation planners (e.g. involved in National Adaptation Plans) and practitioners, regional knowledge hubs, trans- and interdisciplinary scientists to regional climate experts from the private and public sectors. The portal is also characterised by an intuitive and user-friendly interface for better dissemination and application of this knowledge.&#160;Through an interactive exploration of the ISIpedia portal, during this session we will not only introduce the beta version of ISIpedia but also discuss in detail how our stakeholder engagement processes have shaped the portal&#8217;s current functionalities and its design. More specifically, the audience will get a chance to create country-specific climate impact assessments and test the legibility of the content, which includes interactive graphs and maps as well as method descriptions. We will also explore how different inter-sectoral indicators, some of which were derived from our workshops in Eastern Europe (Poland, November 2018) and West Africa (Burkina Faso, February 2019), can be applied to managing climate risks, vulnerabilities and planning adaptation and/or larger political contexts, such as the Sustainable Development Goals or Disaster Risk Reduction and what new indicators can be developed. Additionally, we will present other functional and design features, such as the glossary, data download functions and news, that we identified as added values to the portal during diverse stakeholder engagement activities.&#160;The inputs gathered from the EGU conference, along with the ones from the planned feedback workshops in Southeast Asia (April 2020), Eastern Europe (June 2020) and West Africa (October 2020), will be taken into account for further improvement of the portal until its final release in the fall of 2020. Furthermore, a reflection on the successes and challenges of our co-development process will be shared.

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The Health Effects of Climate Change: An Overview of Systematic Reviews

10.1101/2020.09.29.20204123 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Rhea Rocque ◽

Caroline Beaudoin ◽

Ruth Ndjaboue ◽

Laura Cameron ◽

Louann Poirier-Bergeron ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Systematic Reviews ◽

Climate Impacts ◽

Health Impacts ◽

Extreme Weather Events ◽

Future Research ◽

Impact Of Climate Change ◽

Overview Of Systematic Reviews ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

Background: Although many studies have explored the health impacts of climate change, a broader overview of research is needed to guide future research and action to mitigate and adapt to the health impacts of climate change. Methods: We conducted an overview of systematic reviews of health impacts of climate change. We systematically searched the literature using a predefined search strategy, inclusion, and exclusion criteria. We included systematic reviews that explored at least one health impact of climate change. We organized systematic reviews according to their key characteristics, including geographical regions, year of publication and authors' affiliations. We mapped the climate effects and health outcomes being studied and synthesized major findings. Findings: We included ninety-four systematic reviews. Most were published after 2015 and approximately one fifth contained meta-analyses. Reviews synthesized evidence about five categories of climate impacts; the two most common were meteorological and extreme weather events. Reviews covered ten health outcome categories; the three most common were 1) infectious diseases, 2) mortality, and 3) respiratory, cardiovascular, cardiopulmonary or neurological outcomes. Most reviews suggested a deleterious impact of climate change on multiple adverse health outcomes, although the majority also called for more research. Interpretation: Overall, most systematic reviews suggest that climate change is associated with worse human health. Future research could explore the potential explanations between these associations to propose adaptation and mitigation strategies and could include psychological and broader social health impacts of climate change. Funding: Canadian Institutes of Health Research FDN-148426

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Mediterranean Olive Orchards under Climate Change: A Review of Future Impacts and Adaptation Strategies

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11010056 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 56

Author(s):

Helder Fraga ◽

Marco Moriondo ◽

Luisa Leolini ◽

João A. Santos

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Mediterranean Basin ◽

Olive Tree ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Adaptation Strategies ◽

Adaptation Measures ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

Projected Changes ◽

The Mediterranean Basin ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is an ancient traditional crop in the Mediterranean Basin. In the Mediterranean region, traditional olive orchards are distinguishable by their prevailing climatic conditions. Olive trees are indeed considered one of the most suitable and best-adapted species to the Mediterranean-type climate. However, new challenges are predicted to arise from climate change, threatening this traditional crop. The Mediterranean Basin is considered a climate change “hotspot,” as future projections hint at considerable warming and drying trends. Changes in olive tree suitability have already been reported over the last few decades. In this context, climate change may become particularly challenging for olive growers. The growing evidence for significant climate change in the upcoming decades urges adaptation measures to be taken. To effectively cope with the projected changes, both short and long-term adaptation strategies must be timely planned by the sector stakeholders and decision-makers to adapt for a warmer and dryer future. The current manuscript is devoted to illustrating the main impacts of climate change on olive tree cultivation in the Mediterranean Basin, by reviewing the most recent studies on this subject. Additionally, an analysis of possible adaptation strategies against the potentially negative impacts of climate change was also performed.

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Poverty and climate change: introduction

Environment and Development Economics ◽

10.1017/s1355770x18000141 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 217-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Stephane Hallegatte ◽

Marianne Fay ◽

Edward B. Barbier

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Heat Waves ◽

Future Research ◽

Poor People ◽

Special Issue ◽

National Wealth ◽

Economic Statistics ◽

Climate Vulnerability ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

AbstractBecause their assets and income represent such a small share of national wealth, the impacts of climate change on poor people, even if dramatic, will be largely invisible in aggregate economic statistics such as the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Assessing and managing future impacts of climate change on poverty requires different metrics, and specific studies focusing on the vulnerability of poor people. This special issue provides a set of such studies, looking at the exposure and vulnerability of people living in poverty to shocks and stressors that are expected to increase in frequency or intensity due to climate change, such as floods, droughts, heat waves, and impacts on agricultural production and ecosystem services. This introduction summarizes their approach and findings, which support the idea that the link between poverty and climate vulnerability goes both ways: poverty is one major driver of people's vulnerability to climate-related shocks and stressors, and this vulnerability is keeping people in poverty. The paper concludes by identifying priorities for future research.

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Adaptation to Climate Change under Climate Change Treaties

International Community Law Review ◽

10.1163/18719732-12341467 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (2-3) ◽

pp. 158-167

Author(s):

Agata Bator ◽

Agnieszka Borek

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Paris Agreement ◽

International Level ◽

Adaptation To Climate Change ◽

Adaptation Measures ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Adverse Impacts ◽

Global Agreement ◽

Local Levels ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract On the ground that climate change poses a great threat to societies and economies, it became evident for policy makers that attention should be given to the problem of adaptation, i.e. adaptation measures should be undertaken to minimize the adverse impacts of climate change. As the debate on the adverse impacts of climate change advanced at international level, states are taking actions at national, regional and local levels. Along with the increase awareness regarding importance of adaptation, regulations designed to prepare states to strengthen their resilience to climate change, has been developed in climate change treaties. Paris Agreement seems to be the first global agreement which addresses adaptation as one of its key goals and links it with mitigation efforts. The purpose of this article is to discuss the most important regulations and programmes within the regime established by the Framework Convention and the Paris Agreement concerning adaptation to climate change.

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Smallholder Farmers’ Vulnerability to Impact of Climate Change in Central Bhutan

International Journal of Environment and Climate Change ◽

10.9734/ijecc/2020/v10i1230305 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 286-299

Author(s):

Pema Rinzin ◽

Thubten Sonam ◽

Sangay Tshering ◽

Purna Prasad Chapagai

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Adaptive Capacity ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Composite Index ◽

Climate Impact ◽

Food Component ◽

Central Regions ◽

Framework Approach ◽

Context Specific ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

Climate change carries immense threat to the livelihood and food security of smallholder farmers in Bhutan and it is therefore crucial to enhance their adaptive capacity. However, building resiliency to climate impact require information on vulnerability of the system of interest. Therefore, this study assessed smallholder farmers’ vulnerability to impacts of climate change and variability in central regions (Bumthang and Trongsa) of Bhutan. Data was collected from 247 randomly selected households by administering a pre-tested survey questionnaire. Data was analyzed using composite index approach (LVI) and IPCC framework approach (LVI-IPCC). The LVI analysis revealed that Bumthang was more vulnerable in terms of Socio-demographic profile (0.55), social networks (0.45), health (0.31) and natural disasters and climate variability (0.47) compared to Trongsa. Whereas, Trongsa was more vulnerable in terms of livelihood strategies (0.31) and water (0.13). Vulnerability score on the food component was same for both the districts (0.27). Overall, Bumthang was more vulnerable compared to Trongsa on both LVI (Bumthang: 0.36, Trongsa: 0.34) and LVI-IPCC (Bumthang: 0.24, Trongsa: 0.13) analysis. The findings could be used for designing micro-level context specific interventions to enhance smallholder farmers’ adaptive capacity to impacts of climate change in central Bhutan.

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Possible adaptation measures of agriculture sector in the Nile Delta to climate change impacts

Advances in Science and Research ◽

10.5194/asr-3-123-2009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 123-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

S. M. Attaher ◽

M. A. Medany ◽

A. F. Abou-Hadid

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Nile Delta ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Yield Reduction ◽

Agricultural System ◽

Delta Region ◽

Adaptation Measures ◽

Agriculture Sector ◽

The World ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract. The overall agricultural system in the Nile Delta region is considered as one of the highest intensive and complicated agriculture systems in the world. According to the recent studies, the Nile Delta region is one of the highly vulnerable regions in the world to climate change. Sea level rise, soil and water degradation, undiversified crop-pattern, yield reduction, pests and disease severity, and irrigation and drainage management were the main key factors that increased vulnerability of the agriculture sector in that region. The main objective of this study is to conduct a community-based multi-criteria adaptation assessment in the Nile Delta using a preset questionnaire. A list of possible adaptation measures for agriculture sector was evaluated. The results indicated that the Nile Delta growers have strong perceptions to act positively to reduce the impacts of climate change. They reflected the need to improve the their adaptive capacity based on clear scientific message with adequate governmental support to coop with the negative impacts of climate change.

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Viticulture and Winemaking under Climate Change

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy9120783 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 783 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Helder Fraga

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Climate Modeling ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

Future Research ◽

Special Issue ◽

Adaptation Measures ◽

Pronounced Increase ◽

Berry Quality ◽

Precipitation Regimes

The importance of viticulture and the winemaking socio-economic sector is acknowledged worldwide. The most renowned winemaking regions show very specific environmental characteristics, where climate usually plays a central role. Considering the strong influence of weather and climatic factors on grapevine yields and berry quality attributes, climate change may indeed significantly impact this crop. Recent-past trends already point to a pronounced increase in the growing season mean temperatures, as well as changes in the precipitation regimes, which has been influencing wine typicity across some of the most renowned winemaking regions worldwide. Moreover, several climate scenarios give evidence of enhanced stress conditions for grapevine growth until the end of the century. Although grapevines have a high resilience, the clear evidence for significant climate change in the upcoming decades urges adaptation and mitigation measures to be taken by the sector stakeholders. To provide hints on the abovementioned issues, we have edited a special issue entitled: “Viticulture and Winemaking under Climate Change”. Contributions from different fields were considered, including crop and climate modeling, and potential adaptation measures against these threats. The current special issue allows the expansion of the scientific knowledge of these particular fields of research, also providing a path for future research.

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Impacts of farmers' adaptation to drought and salinity intrusion on rice yield in Vietnam's Mekong Delta

Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies ◽

10.1108/jadee-08-2019-0132 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Khoi Kim Dang ◽

Thiep Huy Do ◽

Thi Ha Lien Le ◽

Thi Thu Hang Le ◽

Thinh Duc Pham

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Rice Yield ◽

Mekong Delta ◽

Future Research ◽

Adaptation Measures ◽

Content Type ◽

Rice Farmers ◽

Study Sites ◽

Climate Events

PurposeThe Vietnamese Mekong River Delta (VMD) is one of the most affected deltas by climate change in the world. Several studies have investigated factors influencing farmers' climate change adaptation behaviors in the region; however, little is known about the effectiveness of such measures. This paper examines the determinants of adaptation strategies among VMD rice farmers and assesses the impacts of such practices on rice yield.Design/methodology/approachEndogenous switching regressions were employed using a survey data of 300 rice-producing households in An Giang and Tra Vinh provinces in 2016.FindingsThe results show that farmers receiving early disaster warnings are more likely to adopt adaptation measures to climate change. If nonadaptors had chosen to respond, their rice yield would have increased by 0.932 tons/ha/season.Research limitations/implicationsThe data sample is small and collected from two provinces in the VMD only; therefore, the results may be specific for the study sites. However, future research can adopt the proposed method for other regions.Originality/valueThe study estimates the production impacts of farmers' decisions on whether or not to adapt to extreme climate events. The proposed approach allows for capturing both observed and unobserved behaviors.

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