Modeling of Hierarchical Cathodes for Li-Air Batteries with Improved Discharge Capacity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khizar Hayat ◽  
Lourdes F. Vega ◽  
Ahmed Alhajaj
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Discharge Capacity ◽  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Strategic Design ◽  
Pore Blockage ◽  
Air Battery ◽  
Lower Energy Density ◽  
Crystalline Aggregates ◽  
Low Crystalline

Abstract The non-aqueous Li-air battery is considered to be a promising energy source for electric-vehicles owing to its ultrahigh theoretical power density. However, its commercialization is limited by the attained lower energy density value, which is mainly due to pore blockage and passivation which requires a more strategic design of the cathode. In this work, we have developed and validated a detailed one-dimensional continuum model of Li-Air battery that helps in examining the potential of hierarchical cathodes in guiding and enhancing the efficiency of ions transport and discharge product formation inside microstructures. The obtained results reveal the importance of reducing the tortuosity (shorten the path of oxygen transport) and increasing porosity at the airside of the hierarchical cathode, which improved discharge capacity at approximately 20.9 and 56%, respectively. The improved capacity is due to enhanced effective oxygen transport, impregnation of electrolyte, alignment of pores, and formation of permeable and low crystalline aggregates of Li2O2. Hence, strategies considering these insights can help in the design and fabrication of non-aqueous Li-air batteries with enhanced power density and capacity.

Sago Gel Polymer Electrolyte for Zinc-Air Battery

2010 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 305-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.N. Masri ◽  
M.F.M. Nazeri ◽  
A.A. Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Discharge Capacity ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Gel Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Practical Capacity ◽  
Air Battery

A sago-based gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) was prepared by mixing native sago with potassium hydroxide (KOH) aqueous in order to investigate the applicability of GPE to zinc-air (Zn-air) battery. The viscosity and conductivity of the sago GPE were evaluated using varying sago amounts and KOH concentrations. The viscosity of the sago GPE was kept as a reserve in the region of ~ 0.2 Pa s as the KOH concentration was increased from 2 to 8 M. Sago GPE was found to have an excellent ionic conductivity of (4.45  0.1) x 10-1 S cm-1 with 6 M KOH. GPE was also employed in an experimental Znair battery using porous Zn electrode as the anode. The battery shows outstanding discharge capacity and practical capacity obtained of 505 mA h g-1.

Synergistic oxygen reduction of dual redox catalysts boosting the power of lithium–air battery

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (44) ◽  
pp. 27930-27936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Guang Zhu ◽  
F. W. Thomas Goh ◽  
Ruiting Yan ◽  
Sisi Wu ◽  
Stefan Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Redox Mediators ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Redox Catalysts ◽  
Air Battery

The mechanism of redox-mediated oxygen reduction reaction is unequivocally revealed by in situ spectroelectrochemical studies. With judiciously selected redox mediators, the cell operates at near unity utilization of Li metal and presents an unprecedented power density in O2 and dry air.

scholarly journals The Ultrafast Laser Ablation of Li(Ni0.6Mn0.2Co0.2)O2 Electrodes with High Mass Loading

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (19) ◽  
pp. 4067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penghui Zhu ◽  
Hans Jürgen Seifert ◽  
Wilhelm Pfleging
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Thick Film ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Discharge Capacity ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Ultrafast Laser ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Simultaneous Increase

Lithium-ion batteries have become the most promising energy storage devices in recent years. However, the simultaneous increase of energy density and power density is still a huge challenge. Ultrafast laser structuring of electrodes is feasible to increase power density of lithium-ion batteries by improving the lithium-ion diffusion kinetics. The influences of laser processing pattern and film thickness on the rate capability and energy density were investigated using Li(Ni0.6Mn0.2Co0.2)O2 (NMC 622) as cathode material. NMC 622 electrodes with thicknesses from 91 µm to 250 µm were prepared, while line patterns with pitch distances varying from 200 µm to 600 µm were applied. The NMC 622 cathodes were assembled opposing lithium using coin cell design. Cells with structured, 91 µm thick film cathodes showed lesser capacity losses with C-rates 3C compared to cells with unstructured cathode. Cells with 250 µm thick film cathode showed higher discharge capacity with low C-rates of up to C/5, and the structured cathodes showed higher discharge capacity, with C-rates of up to 1C. However, the discharge capacity deteriorated with higher C-rate. An appropriate choice of laser generated patterns and electrode thickness depends on the requested battery application scenario; i.e., charge/discharge rate and specific/volumetric energy density.

scholarly journals Application of supercapacitors in electric traction storage systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Miroslaw Lewandowski ◽  
Marek Orzylowski ◽  
Maciej Wieczorek
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Current Pulses ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Lower Energy Density ◽  
Electric Traction ◽  
Better Than

Energy storage systems (ESS) are based on electrochemical batteries and supercapacitors (SC). SCs have a lower energy density compared to batteries, but have an advantage over them in power density. The combined use of the two in a hybrid ESS (HESS) gives both high energy density and high power density of ESSs. Fractional-order impedance describes the SC dynamics better than commonly used integer order impedance. Such a description can be based on the dielectric relaxation equations e.g. Cole-Cole equation used in this work. The paper compares results of the impedance approximation of a number of SC’s with various fractional and integer models, on the basis of which the time responses are analysed. The methods of capacitance and ESR measurement recommended by the IEC standard are examined. They are compared with the methods used in practice by SC producers. The problem of energy losses in ESS with respect to charging/discharging current pulses is presented. A proper ESS designing requires an accurate approximation of the SC impedance over the frequency band in which the dominant part of the power spectrum of current pulses is located.

Three Dimensional Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Foams for Ultrahigh Energy Density Lithium Air Battery Cathodes

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Carter ◽  
Landon Oakes ◽  
Cary L. Pint
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Discharge Capacity ◽  
Metal Foam ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Ultrahigh Energy ◽  
Single Walled Carbon ◽  
Air Battery ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

This paper highlights our progress in developing pristine single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) into functional materials for lightweight, conductive cathodes in lithium air (Li-air) batteries. We outline a process to produce foams of single-walled carbon nanotubes using liquid processing routes that are free of additives or surfactants, using polar solvents and electrophoretic deposition. To accomplish this, SWCNTs are deposited onto sacrificial metal foam templates, and the metal foam is removed to yield a freestanding, all-SWCNT foam material. We couple this material into a cathode for a Li-air battery and demonstrate excellent performance that includes first discharge capacity over 8200 mAh/g, and specific energy density of ∼ 21.2 kWh/kg (carbon) and ∼ 3.3 kWh/kg (full cell). We further compare this to the performance of foams prepared with SWCNTs that are dispersed with surfactant, and our results indicate that surfactant residues completely inhibit the nucleation of stable lithium peroxide materials — a result measured across multiple devices. Comparing to multi-walled carbon nanotubes produced using the same technique indicates a discharge capacity of only ∼ 1500 mAh/g, which is over 5X lower than SWCNTs in the same processing technique and material architecture. Overall, this work highlights SWCNT materials in the absence of impurities introduced during experimental processing as a lightweight and high performance electrode material for lithium-air batteries.

In situ growth of CoP nanoparticles anchored on (N,P) co-doped porous carbon engineered by MOFs as advanced bifunctional oxygen catalyst for rechargeable Zn–air battery

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (36) ◽  
pp. 19043-19049
Author(s):  
Yongxia Wang ◽  
Mingjie Wu ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Haitao Huang ◽  
Jinli Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
High Power ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
High Power Density ◽  
In Situ Growth ◽  
Air Battery ◽  
Co Doped ◽  
Charge Discharge

CoP anchored N,P co-doped carbon as a bifunctional oxygen catalyst for Zn–air battery with high power density and charge–discharge stability.

Highly dispersed γ-Fe2O3 embedded in nitrogen doped carbon for the efficient oxygen reduction reaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (17) ◽  
pp. 4581-4587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhourong Xiao ◽  
Guoqiang Shen ◽  
Fang Hou ◽  
Rongrong Zhang ◽  
Yueting Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Sacrificial Template ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Highly Dispersed ◽  
Air Battery ◽  
Nitrogen Doped Carbon

A sacrificial template strategy is developed to synthesize highly dispersed γ-Fe2O3 embedded in porous N-doped carbon. The as-synthesized catalyst exhibits high ORR performance and presents a power density of 112 mW cm−2 in zinc–air battery.

High Power Density of Paper-Based Zinc-Air Battery with Hollow Channel Structure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoran Zhang ◽  
Biao Zhang ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Dingding Ye ◽  
Rong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
High Power ◽  
Channel Structure ◽  
High Power Density ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Air Battery

In light of the surging research on the disposable electronics, it imposes great demands on compact power sources. Herein, a paper-based zinc-air battery that takes advantages of the hollow channel...

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