scholarly journals An In-Depth Analysis of the Transformation of Tin Foil Anodes during Electrochemical Cycling in Lithium-Ion Batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian T Heligman ◽  
Kevin P Scanlan ◽  
Arumugam Manthiram
Keyword(s):  
Porous Electrode ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Lithium Storage ◽  
Lithium Transport ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Graphite Anodes ◽  
Electrochemical Cycling ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Battery Energy

Abstract Tin foils have an impressive lithium-storage capacity more than triple that of graphite anodes, and their adoption could facilitate a drastic improvement in battery energy density. However, implementation of a dense foil electrode architecture represents a significant departure from the standard blade-cast geometry with a distinct electrochemical environment, and this has led to confusion with regards to the first cycle efficiency of the system. In this work, we investigate the unique behavior of a tin active material in a foil architecture to understand its performance as an anode. We find shallow cycling of the foil results in an irreversible formation (< 40 %) due to diffusional trapping, but intermediate and complete utilization allows for a remarkably reversible formation reaction (> 90 %). This striking nonlinearity stems from an in-situ transformation from bulk metal to porous electrode that occurs during formation cycles and defines electrode-level lithium-transport on subsequent cycles. An alternative cycling procedure for assessing the stability of foils is proposed to account for this chemomechanical effect.

A Facile One-Pot Stepwise Hydrothermal Method for the Synthesis of 3D MoS2/RGO Composites with Improved Lithium Storage Properties

NANO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 1950037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingning Wang ◽  
Xuehua Liu ◽  
Binghui Xu ◽  
Yanhui Li ◽  
Dan Xiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Hydrothermal Treatment ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
Lithium Storage ◽  
One Pot

Three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide (RGO) matrix decorated with nanoflowers of layered MoS2 (denoted as 3D MoS2/RGO) have been synthesized via a facile one-pot stepwise hydrothermal method. Graphene oxide (GO) is used as precursor of RGO and a 3D GO network is formed in the first-step of hydrothermal treatment. At the second stage of hydrothermal treatment, nanoflowers of layered MoS2 form and anchor on the surface of previously formed 3D RGO network. In this preparation, thiourea not only induces the formation of the 3D architecture at a relatively low temperature, but also works as sulfur precursor of MoS2. The synthesized composites have been investigated with XRD, SEM, TEM, Raman spectra, TGA, N2 sorption technique and electrochemical measurements. In comparison with normal MoS2/RGO composites, the 3D MoS2/RGO composite shows improved electrochemical performance as anode material for lithium-ion batteries. A high reversible capacity of 930[Formula: see text]mAh[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] after 130 cycles under a current density of 200[Formula: see text]mA[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] as well as good rate capability and superior cyclic stability have been observed. The superior electrochemical performance of the 3D MoS2/RGO composite as anode active material for lithium-ion battery is ascribed to its robust 3D structures, enhanced surface area and the synergistic effect between graphene matrix and the MoS2 nanoflowers subunit.

scholarly journals Infiltrated and Isostatic Laminated NCM and LTO Electrodes with Plastic Crystal Electrolyte Based on Succinonitrile for Lithium-Ion Solid State Batteries

Batteries ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Matthias Coeler ◽  
Vanessa van Laack ◽  
Frederieke Langer ◽  
Annegret Potthoff ◽  
Sören Höhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Porous Electrode ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Tape Casting ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Porous Electrodes ◽  
Plastic Crystal ◽  
Crystal Polymer ◽  
Solid State Batteries

We report a new process technique for electrode manufacturing for all solid-state batteries. Porous electrodes are manufactured by a tape casting process and subsequently infiltrated by a plastic crystal polymer electrolyte (PCPE). With a following isostatic lamination process, the PCPE was further integrated deeply into the porous electrode layer, forming a composite electrode. The PCPE comprises the plastic crystal succinonitrile (SN), lithium conductive salt LiTFSI and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and exhibits suitable thermal, rheological (ƞ = 0.6 Pa s @ 80 °C 1 s−1) and electrochemical properties (σ > 10−4 S/cm @ 45 °C). We detected a lowered porosity of infiltrated and laminated electrodes through Hg porosimetry, showing a reduction from 25.6% to 2.6% (NCM infiltrated to laminated) and 32.9% to 4.0% (LTO infiltrated to laminated). Infiltration of PCPE into the electrodes was further verified by FESEM images and EDS mapping of sulfur content of the conductive salt. Cycling tests of full cells with NCM and LTO electrodes with PCPE separator at 45 °C showed up to 165 mAh/g at 0.03C over 20 cycles, which is about 97% of the total usable LTO capacity with a coulomb efficiency of between 98 and 99%. Cycling tests at 0.1C showed a capacity of ~128 mAh/g after 40 cycles. The C-rate of 0.2C showed a mean capacity of 127 mAh/g. In summary, we could manufacture full cells using a plastic crystal polymer electrolyte suitable for NCM and LTO active material, which is easily to be integrated into porous electrodes and which is being able to be used in future cell concepts like bipolar stacked cells.

Study of the Composite Modified Positive Electrode between NCM811 and V2O5 Materials in Li-Ion Cells

NANO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (03) ◽  
pp. 2150032
Author(s):  
Yunke Wang ◽  
Guozheng Zha ◽  
Yenan Zhang ◽  
Feng Liang ◽  
Yongnian Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Cathode Material ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Composite Cathode ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Original Structure ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
The Stability

The possibility of combining the promising cathode material LiNi[Formula: see text]Co[Formula: see text]Mn[Formula: see text]O2 (NCM811) with V2O5 material with excellent conductivity as a composite cathode material for lithium-ion batteries was discussed. The fact that the mechanical and physical mixing process did not change the original structure of both NCM811 and V2O5 was confirmed by XRD. SEM and TEM show that the V2O5 particles were attached to the surface of NCM811 and filled the gaps between NCM811 particles. Furthermore, TEM image after cycling reveals that the gathering of Nano-plates V2O5 on the surface of spherical-like NCM811 particles transformed to coating layers ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]nm) after reacting with lithium, which leads to the increase of impedance, while the stable coating layer would protect the active material from being corroded by the decomposition products of the electrolyte and prevent the collapse of the microstructure to maintain the stability of Li[Formula: see text] mobility channels. The sample exhibited an attractive first discharge capacity of 214[Formula: see text]mAh[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] with the 94.7% initial columbic efficiency and a higher capacity retention when the mass ratio of V2O5 is 15[Formula: see text]wt.%. Thus, the reversibility of reaction at low voltage 2.0[Formula: see text]V and high temperature have been enhanced after the modification. This is undoubtedly the necessary condition to improve the security of electrolyte thermal decomposition. Our work will provide some guidance for the future development of high temperature Li-ion batteries.

scholarly journals Effect of Cathode Microstructure on Electrochemical Properties of Sodium Nickel-Iron Chloride Batteries

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 5605
Author(s):  
Byeong-Min Ahn ◽  
Cheol-Woo Ahn ◽  
Byung-Dong Hahn ◽  
Jong-Jin Choi ◽  
Yang-Do Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Active Material ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Metal Chloride ◽  
Iron Chloride ◽  
Chloride Cells ◽  
Nickel Iron ◽  
Sodium Metal ◽  
Battery Energy

Sodium metal chloride batteries have become a substantial focus area in the research on prospective alternatives for battery energy storage systems (BESSs) since they are more stable than lithium ion batteries. This study demonstrates the effects of the cathode microstructure on the electrochemical properties of sodium metal chloride cells. The cathode powder is manufactured in the form of granules composed of a metal active material and NaCl, and the ionic conductivity is attained by filling the interiors of the granules with a second electrolyte (NaAlCl4). Thus, the microstructure of the cathode powder had to be optimized to ensure that the second electrolyte effectively penetrated the cathode granules. The microstructure was modified by selecting the NaCl size and density of the cathode granules, and the resulting Na/(Ni,Fe)Cl2 cell showed a high capacity of 224 mAh g−1 at the 100th cycle owing to microstructural improvements. These findings demonstrate that control of the cathode microstructure is essential when cathode powders are used to manufacture sodium metal chloride batteries.

Cobalt orthosilicate as a new electrode material for secondary lithium-ion batteries

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (40) ◽  
pp. 15013-15021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franziska Mueller ◽  
Dominic Bresser ◽  
Nathalie Minderjahn ◽  
Julian Kalhoff ◽  
Sebastian Menne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Lithium Storage ◽  
Storage Mechanism ◽  
Reversible Formation ◽  
First Time

Co2SiO4 is investigated for the first time as lithium-ion active material and a lithium storage mechanism is proposed including the reversible formation of Li4SiO4.

scholarly journals A Review on Electric Vehicles: Technologies and Challenges

Smart Cities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 372-404
Author(s):  
Julio A. Sanguesa ◽  
Vicente Torres-Sanz ◽  
Piedad Garrido ◽  
Francisco J. Martinez ◽  
Johann M. Marquez-Barja
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Academic Communities ◽  
Market Situation ◽  
Battery Technology ◽  
Battery Energy ◽  
New Research ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Technology Trends

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are gaining momentum due to several factors, including the price reduction as well as the climate and environmental awareness. This paper reviews the advances of EVs regarding battery technology trends, charging methods, as well as new research challenges and open opportunities. More specifically, an analysis of the worldwide market situation of EVs and their future prospects is carried out. Given that one of the fundamental aspects in EVs is the battery, the paper presents a thorough review of the battery technologies—from the Lead-acid batteries to the Lithium-ion. Moreover, we review the different standards that are available for EVs charging process, as well as the power control and battery energy management proposals. Finally, we conclude our work by presenting our vision about what is expected in the near future within this field, as well as the research aspects that are still open for both industry and academic communities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document