scholarly journals Geometrical models for cardiac MRI in rodents: comparison of quantification of left ventricular volumes and function by various geometrical models with a full-volume MRI data set in rodents

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (3) ◽  
pp. H709-H715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tineke van de Weijer ◽  
Petronella A. van Ewijk ◽  
H. Reinier Zandbergen ◽  
Jos M. Slenter ◽  
Alfons G. Kessels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Cardiac Mri ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cine Mri ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Single Plane ◽  
Lv Volumes ◽  
And Function ◽  
Full Volume

MRI has been proven to be an accurate method for noninvasive assessment of cardiac function. One of the current limitations of cardiac MRI is that it is time consuming. Therefore, various geometrical models are used, which can reduce scan and postprocessing time. It is unclear how appropriate their use is in rodents. Left ventricular (LV) volumes and ejection fraction (EF) were quantified based on 7.0 Tesla cine-MRI in 12 wild-type (WT) mice, 12 adipose triglyceride lipase knockout (ATGL−/−) mice (model of impaired cardiac function), and 11 rats in which we induced cardiac ischemia. The LV volumes and function were either assessed with parallel short-axis slices covering the full volume of the left ventricle (FV, gold standard) or with various geometrical models [modified Simpson rule (SR), biplane ellipsoid (BP), hemisphere cylinder (HC), single-plane ellipsoid (SP), and modified Teichholz Formula (TF)]. Reproducibility of the different models was tested and results were correlated with the gold standard (FV). All models and the FV data set provided reproducible results for the LV volumes and EF, with interclass correlation coefficients ≥0.87. All models significantly over- or underestimated EF, except for SR. Good correlation was found for all volumes and EF for the SR model compared with the FV data set ( R2 ranged between 0.59–0.95 for all parameters). The HC model and BP model also predicted EF well ( R2 ≥ 0.85), although proved to be less useful for quantitative analysis. The SP and TF models correlated poorly with the FV data set ( R2 ≥ 0.45 for EF and R2 ≥ 0.29 for EF, respectively). For the reduction in acquisition and postprocessing time, only the SR model proved to be a valuable method for calculating LV volumes, stroke volume, and EF.

scholarly journals Fully automated quantification of left ventricular volumes and function in cardiac MRI: clinical evaluation of a deep learning-based algorithm

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 2239-2247
Author(s):  
Benjamin Böttcher ◽  
Ebba Beller ◽  
Anke Busse ◽  
Daniel Cantré ◽  
Seyrani Yücel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Cardiac Mri ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Volumes ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Automated Quantification ◽  
Lv Volumes ◽  
And Function

Abstract To investigate the performance of a deep learning-based algorithm for fully automated quantification of left ventricular (LV) volumes and function in cardiac MRI. We retrospectively analysed MR examinations of 50 patients (74% men, median age 57 years). The most common indications were known or suspected ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathies or myocarditis. Fully automated analysis of LV volumes and function was performed using a deep learning-based algorithm. The analysis was subsequently corrected by a senior cardiovascular radiologist. Manual volumetric analysis was performed by two radiology trainees. Volumetric results were compared using Bland–Altman statistics and intra-class correlation coefficient. The frequency of clinically relevant differences was analysed using re-classification rates. The fully automated volumetric analysis was completed in a median of 8 s. With expert review and corrections, the analysis required a median of 110 s. Median time required for manual analysis was 3.5 min for a cardiovascular imaging fellow and 9 min for a radiology resident (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons). The correlation between fully automated results and expert-corrected results was very strong with intra-class correlation coefficients of 0.998 for end-diastolic volume, 0.997 for end-systolic volume, 0.899 for stroke volume, 0.972 for ejection fraction and 0.991 for myocardial mass (all p < 0.001). Clinically meaningful differences between fully automated and expert corrected results occurred in 18% of cases, comparable to the rate between the two manual readers (20%). Deep learning-based fully automated analysis of LV volumes and function is feasible, time-efficient and highly accurate. Clinically relevant corrections are required in a minority of cases.

scholarly journals Evaluation by Dipirydamole MRI of the effects of cardiac rehabilitation after myocardial infarction

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
P. Blanc ◽  
H. Douard ◽  
M. Courregelongue ◽  
J. M. Perron ◽  
R. Roudaut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Myocardial Perfusion ◽  
Cardiac Mri ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Lv Volumes ◽  
And Function ◽  
First Myocardial Infarction

Background: The effects of exercise training (ET) on myocardial perfusion after myocardial infarction have been well studied with scintigraphy whereas cardiac MRI seems a better technique which was not used yet in the literature in this indication. Methods: 11 patients after a first myocardial infarction were left again in 2 groups: a 20 session-ET program (T, n=6) and a control group (C, n=5). All patients underwent a dipirydamole MRI and a cardiopulmonary test at entry and after 3 months. Results At 3 months, improvements in work capacity (P < 0,05), peak VO2 (P < 0,05) were observed in T but not in C. Ejection fraction and left ventricular (LV) volumes were unchanged in T and C. Myocardial perfusion assessed by MRI was comparable at rest and after dipirydamole in each group. The recuperation of the segmentary kinetics was inversely proportional to the delayed enhancement given by MRI and was better for T than for C (P < 0,02). Conclusions: This is a preliminary study. Cardiac MRI makes it possible to apprehend perfusion in a reliable and reproducible way. ET has no detrimental effects on LV volumes and function; rather, it improves recovery of infarcted segments.

Effects of avertin versus xylazine-ketamine anesthesia on cardiac function in normal mice

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (5) ◽  
pp. H1938-H1945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chari Y. T. Hart ◽  
John C. Burnett ◽  
Margaret M. Redfield
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Ketamine Anesthesia ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Function ◽  
Derivatives Of

Anesthetic regimens commonly administered during studies that assess cardiac structure and function in mice are xylazine-ketamine (XK) and avertin (AV). While it is known that XK anesthesia produces more bradycardia in the mouse, the effects of XK and AV on cardiac function have not been compared. We anesthetized normal adult male Swiss Webster mice with XK or AV. Transthoracic echocardiography and closed-chest cardiac catheterization were performed to assess heart rate (HR), left ventricular (LV) dimensions at end diastole and end systole (LVDd and LVDs, respectively), fractional shortening (FS), LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), the time constant of isovolumic relaxation (τ), and the first derivatives of LV pressure rise and fall (dP/d t max and dP/d t min, respectively). During echocardiography, HR was lower in XK than AV mice (250 ± 14 beats/min in XK vs. 453 ± 24 beats/min in AV, P < 0.05). Preload was increased in XK mice (LVDd: 4.1 ± 0.08 mm in XK vs. 3.8 ± 0.09 mm in AV, P < 0.05). FS, a load-dependent index of systolic function, was increased in XK mice (45 ± 1.2% in XK vs. 40 ± 0.8% in AV, P < 0.05). At LV catheterization, the difference in HR with AV (453 ± 24 beats/min) and XK (342 ± 30 beats/min, P < 0.05) anesthesia was more variable, and no significant differences in systolic or diastolic function were seen in the group as a whole. However, in XK mice with HR <300 beats/min, LVEDP was increased (28 ± 5 vs. 6.2 ± 2 mmHg in mice with HR >300 beats/min, P < 0.05), whereas systolic (LV dP/d t max: 4,402 ± 798 vs. 8,250 ± 415 mmHg/s in mice with HR >300 beats/min, P < 0.05) and diastolic (τ: 23 ± 2 vs. 14 ± 1 ms in mice with HR >300 beats/min, P < 0.05) function were impaired. Compared with AV, XK produces profound bradycardia with effects on loading conditions and ventricular function. The disparate findings at echocardiography and LV catheterization underscore the importance of comprehensive assessment of LV function in the mouse.

Abstract P135: Hyperpolarized Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Reveals Early- and Late-Onset Changes to Metabolism in the Failing Heart

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Schroeder ◽  
Angus Z Lau ◽  
Albert P Chen ◽  
Jennifer Barry ◽  
Damian J Tyler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Krebs Cycle ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cine Mri ◽  
Cardiac Structure ◽  
End Diastolic Volume ◽  
Myocardial Energetics ◽  
And Function

Disordered metabolic substrate utilisation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of heart failure (HF). Hyperpolarised (HYP) 13C magnetic resonance, a technique in which the fate of 13C-labelled metabolites can be followed using MR imaging or spectroscopy, has enabled non-invasive assessment of metabolism. The aim of this study was to monitor carbohydrate metabolism alongside cardiac structure, function, and energetics, throughout HF progression. HF was induced in pigs (n=5) by right ventricular pacing at 188 bpm for 5 weeks. Pigs were examined at weekly time points: cine MRI assessed cardiac structure and function, HYP 13C2-pyruvate was administered intravenously and 13C MRS was used to assess 13C-glutamate production via Krebs cycle, 31P MRS assessed myocardial energetics, and HYP 13C1-pyruvate was administered to enable MRI of H13CO3- production from pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH). At baseline, pigs had a normal left ventricular (LV) cardiac index (CI) and end diastolic volume (EDVi). The PCr/ATP was 2.3 ± 0.2. The 13C-glutamate/13C2-pyruvate was 4.3 ± 0.9%, and the H13CO3-/13C1-pyruvate ratio was 1.6 ± 0.2%. After 1–2 weeks of pacing, CI decreased to 3.3 ± 0.5 l/min/m2, PCr/ATP decreased to 1.7 ± 0.1, and 13C-glutamate/13C2-pyruvate decreased to 2.1 ± 0.6%. With the onset of HF, EDVi increased to 140.3 ± 14.1 ml/m2 and H13CO3-/13C1-pyruvate decreased to 0.5 ± 0.2%. In conclusion, we observed an early defect in Krebs' cycle that occurred alongside impaired cardiac energetics and function. Carbohydrate oxidation via PDH was maintained until the onset of HF. These results encourage use of metabolic therapies to delay/prevent the onset of heart failure in patients.

Developmental changes of cardiac function and mass assessed with MRI in neonatal, juvenile, and adult mice

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (2) ◽  
pp. H652-H657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Wiesmann ◽  
Jan Ruff ◽  
Karl-Heinz Hiller ◽  
Eberhard Rommel ◽  
Axel Haase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Transgenic Mouse ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cine Mri ◽  
Transgenic Mouse Models ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Lv Mass

Cardiovascular transgenic mouse models with an early phenotype or even premature death require noninvasive imaging methods that allow for accurate visualization of cardiac morphology and function. Thus the purpose of our study was to assess the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to characterize cardiac function and mass in newborn, juvenile, and adult mice. Forty-five C57bl/6 mice from seven age groups (3 days to 4 mo after birth) were studied by MRI under isoflurane anesthesia. Electrocardiogram-gated cine MRI was performed with an in-plane resolution of (78–117 μm)2. Temporal resolution per cine frame was 8.6 ms. MRI revealed cardiac anatomy in mice from all age groups with high temporal and spatial resolution. There was close correlation between MRI- and autopsy-determined left ventricular (LV) mass ( r = 0.95, SE of estimate = 9.5 mg). The increase of LV mass (range 9.6–101.3 mg), cardiac output (range 1.1–14.3 ml/min), and stroke volume (range 3.2–40.2 μl) with age could be quantified by MRI measurements. Ejection fraction and cardiac index did not change with aging. However, LV mass index decreased with increasing age ( P < 0.01). High-resolution MRI allows for accurate in vivo assessment of cardiac function in neonatal, juvenile, and adult mice. This method should be useful when applied in transgenic mouse models.

scholarly journals Bone marrow-derived stromal cells home to and remain in the infarcted rat heart but fail to improve function: an in vivo cine-MRI study

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (2) ◽  
pp. H533-H542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn A. Carr ◽  
Daniel J. Stuckey ◽  
Louise Tatton ◽  
Damian J. Tyler ◽  
Sarah J. M. Hale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Cine Mri ◽  
Iron Oxide Particles ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction

Basic and clinical studies have shown that bone marrow cell therapy can improve cardiac function following infarction. In experimental animals, reported stem cell-mediated changes range from no measurable improvement to the complete restoration of function. In the clinic, however, the average improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction is around 2% to 3%. A possible explanation for the discrepancy between basic and clinical results is that few basic studies have used the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (MRI) methods that were used in clinical trials for measuring cardiac function. Consequently, we employed cine-MR to determine the effect of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) on cardiac function in rats. Cultured rat BMSCs were characterized using flow cytometry and labeled with iron oxide particles and a fluorescent marker to allow in vivo cell tracking and ex vivo cell identification, respectively. Neither label affected in vitro cell proliferation or differentiation. Rat hearts were infarcted, and BMSCs or control media were injected into the infarct periphery ( n = 34) or infused systemically ( n = 30). MRI was used to measure cardiac morphology and function and to determine cell distribution for 10 wk after infarction and cell therapy. In vivo MRI, histology, and cell reisolation confirmed successful BMSC delivery and retention within the myocardium throughout the experiment. However, no significant improvement in any measure of cardiac function was observed at any time. We conclude that cultured BMSCs are not the optimal cell population to treat the infarcted heart.

scholarly journals Three Dimensional (3D) Echocardiography as a Tool of Left Ventricular Assessment in Children with Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Comparison to Cardiac MRI

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 2310-2315
Author(s):  
Nevin Mohamed Habeeb ◽  
Omneya Ibrahim Youssef ◽  
Waleed Mohamed Elguindy ◽  
Ahmed samir Ibrahim ◽  
Walaa Hamed Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Mri ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
3D Echocardiography ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Systolic Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lv Volumes

BACKGROUND: Left ventricular (LV) volumes and ejection fraction (EF) is Strong prognostic indicators for DCM. Cardiac MRI (CMRI) is a preferred technique for LV volumes and EF assessment due to high spatial resolution and complete volumetric datasets. Three-dimensional echocardiography is a promising new technique under investigations. AIM: Evaluate 3D echocardiography as a tool in LV assessment in DCM children about CMRI. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A group of 20 DCM children (LVdiastolic diameter < 2 Z score, LVEF < 35%) at Children s Hospital, Ain-Shams University (gp1) (mean age 6.6 years) were compared to 20 age and sex-matched children as controls (gp2). Patients were subjected to: clinical examination, conventional echocardiography, automated 3D LV quantification, 3D speckle tracking echocardiography (3D-STE) (VIVID E9 Vingmed, Norway) and CMRI (Philips Achieva Nova, 1.5 Tesla scanner) for LV end systolic volume (LVESV), LVend diastolic volume (LVEDV) that were indexed to body surface area, EF% and wall motion abnormalities assessment. RESUTS: No statistically significant difference was found between automated 3D LV quantification echocardiography, 3D-STE, and CMRI in ESV/BSA and EDV/BSA assessment (p = 1, 0.99 respectively), between automated LV quantification echocardiography and CMRI in EF% assessment (p = 0.99) and between CMRI and 3D-STE in LV Global hypokinesia detection (P = 0.255). As for segmental hypokinesia CMRI was more sensitive [45% of patients vs. 40%, (P = 0,036), basal septal hypokinesia 85% vs. 75%, (p = 0.045), mid septal hypokinesia 80% vs. 65%, (p = 0.012) and lateral wall hypokinesia 75% vs. 65%, (p = 0.028)]. CONCLUSION: Automated 3D LV quantification echocardiography and 3D-STE are reliable tools in LV volumetric and systolic function assessment about CMRIas a standard method. 3D speckle echocardiography is comparable to CMRI in global wall hypokinesia detection but less sensitive in segmental wall hypokinesia which mandates further studies.

Hypoxic pHi and function modulation by Na+/H+ exchange and alpha-adrenoreceptor inhibition in heart in vivo

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (6) ◽  
pp. H2664-H2670 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Portman ◽  
Y. Xiao ◽  
B. G. Broers ◽  
X. H. Ning
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Cardiac Contractile Function ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
And Function ◽  
Phi Regulation

Regulation of intracellular pH (pHi) may contribute to maintenance of cardiac contractile function during graded hypoxia in vivo. To test this hypothesis, we disturbed pHi regulation in vivo using two approaches: alpha-adrenoreceptor antagonism with phentolamine (1 mg/kg) (Phen; n = 9); and Na+/H+ exchange inhibition with HOE-642 (2 mg/kg; n = 6) before graded hypoxia in open-chest sheep. Hemodynamic parameters including left ventricular maximal pressure development (dP/dtmax) cardiac index (CI), and left ventricular power were monitored continuously and simultaneously with high-energy phosphate levels and pHi, measured with 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in Phen, HOE-642, and control (Con; n = 9). In subgroups (n = 6) in Con and Phen, coronary flow, myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2), and lactate uptake were also measured. During hypoxia, the functional parameters left ventricular dP/dtmax, CI, and left ventricular power decreased significantly compared with baseline and Con values. These decreases were preceded by a significant drop (P < 0.05) in pHi from 7.10 +/- 0.04 to 6.69 +/- 0.05 in Phen and corresponded temporally to a pHi drop from 7.10 +/- 0.02 to 6.77 +/- 0.03 in HOE-642. Decreases in pHi in Phen were not preceded by decreases in cardiac function or MVO2. In contrast, cardiac function parameters increased significantly in Con, whereas no significant pHi decrease occurred (7.07 +/- 0.03 to 6.98 +/- 0.04). We conclude that these data indicate that pHi regulation can be disrupted through alpha-adrenergic antagonism or Na+/H(+)-exchange inhibition in vivo. These studies demonstrate that pHi regulation performs a role in the modulation of cardiac function during hypoxia in vivo.

Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function in conscious and anesthetized mice

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (5) ◽  
pp. H1967-H1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Ping Yang ◽  
Yun-He Liu ◽  
Nour-Eddine Rhaleb ◽  
Nobutaka Kurihara ◽  
Henry E. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Pentobarbital Sodium ◽  
Linear Transducer ◽  
Echocardiographic Evaluation ◽  
Lv Mass ◽  
Echocardiographic Assessment ◽  
And Function

Using a high-frequency linear transducer (15L8), we studied 1) the feasibility of performing echocardiography in nonanesthetized mice compared with mice given pentobarbital sodium (Pento) or a mixture of ketamine and xylazine and 2) the feasibility of echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, dilatation, and function in mice with two-kidney, one-clip hypertension or myocardial infarction (MI). Heart rate (HR) in awake mice was 658 ± 9 beats/min; Pento and ketamine plus xylazine reduced HR to 377 ± 11 and 293 ± 19 beats/min, respectively, associated with a significant decrease in shortening fraction (SF), ejection fraction (EF), and cardiac output (CO) and an increase in LV end-diastolic (LVEDD) and end-systolic dimensions (LVESD). Mice with 4 wk of two-kidney, one-clip hypertension had increased LV mass (15.62 ± 0.62 vs. 22.17 ± 1.79 mg) without altered LV dimensions, SF, EF, or CO. Mice studied 4 wk post-MI exhibited obvious LV dilatation and systolic dysfunction, as evidenced by increased LVEDD and LVESD and decreased SF, EF, and CO. Our findings clearly show the adverse impact of anesthesia on basal cardiac function and the difficulty in interpreting data obtained from anesthetized mice. We believe this is the first study to demonstrate the feasibility of using echocardiography to assess cardiovascular function in the nonanesthetized mouse.

Abstract 069: Mitochondrial Mechanisms Of Reverse Remodeling In Heart Failure

2013 ◽  
Vol 113 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti Ahuja ◽  
William R MacLellan ◽  
Yibin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Cardiac Myocyte ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Reverse Remodeling ◽  
Ventricular Assist ◽  
Hypertrophic Response ◽  
Mtdna Deletions ◽  
And Function

Enhancement of myocardial mitochondrial (mt) function resulting in efficient energy production by means of Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) has been suggested in heart failure (HF) which could have important clinical implications and may represent a novel therapeutic target. However, the basis for this improvement remains unknown. To characterize mt biogenesis, mt genomic integrity and mitophagy in reversing pathological remodeling, we investigated LV tissue from post-LVAD human hearts and after reversal of transaortic constriction (TAC) in mice. In Post-LVAD human hearts there was increased expression of mt fusion and biogenesis, mtDNA levels were normalized and deletion mutation rates were significantly reduced with reverse remodeling and these changes were associated with enhancement of mt ETC complex I and II activities and improved cardiac-myocyte morphology. To better understand the mechanisms underlying mt repair/remodeling with LVAD support, we developed a model of aortic banding (AB) and debanding (DB) in mice. C57BL/6 mice were subjected to 2 weeks of AB and subsequent DB for period of 1 to 20 days and cardiac function and hypertrophy were evaluated by echocardiography and real-time PCR, respectively. Compared with control animals, mice that had undergone banding had a robust hypertrophic response with decline in cardiac function. These parameters were reversed following removal of pressure overload by DB. Even 1 day of unloading led to significant increase in the expression of mt fusion and biogenesis genes. Hearts from AB (2 weeks) mice showed a 3.7-fold (P<0.05) increase in frequency of mtDNA deletions. However, mtDNA deletions were significantly reduced in frequency with DB when compared with AB hearts alone. Increase in expression of autophagy related genes could also be observed after hemodynamic unloading in mouse failing hearts. Removal of pressure overload by DB led to 2.58-fold (P<0.05) increase in expression of LC3B when compared to sham and AB mice. Thus, our data strongly suggest that protective effect of enhanced mt biogenesis, fusion/mtDNA repair and removal of damaged mitochondria by mitophagy could play an important role in maintaining mt integrity and function in the adult heart with reverse remodeling.

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