A treadmill exercise regimen for identifying cardiovascular phenotypes in transgenic mice

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (3) ◽  
pp. H1595-H1605 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Fewell ◽  
H. Osinska ◽  
R. Klevitsky ◽  
W. Ng ◽  
G. Sfyris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Ultrastructural Examination ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Hypertrophic Response ◽  
Cardiovascular Stress ◽  
Exercise Regimen ◽  
Ventricular Myosin ◽  
Tubular System ◽  
Transverse Axial

Cardiovascular stress in response to treadmill exercise is frequently used to detect cardiac abnormalities that are not readily apparent at rest. Herein we describe a treadmill exercise protocol for mice that allows for quantitation of the performance of an animal and the ability to gather metabolic information in a nonrestraining manner using telemetry implant devices. Transgenic (TG) mice overexpressing ventricular myosin regulatory light chain (MLC2v) were subjected to a 5-wk exercise regimen. The TG mice had significant decreases in their capacity for exercise at relatively high treadmill speeds compared with their nontransgenic (NTG) littermates. There was no indication of a hypertrophic response occurring in TG or NTG animals in response to the exercise protocol, and exercise had no effect on MLC2v phosphorylation. Ultrastructural examination of TG atria showed overtly normal myofibrillar organization but a proliferation of the transverse-axial tubular system. This exercise protocol should prove useful in detecting subtle phenotypes that occur in mice as a result of genetic manipulation of the cardiac compartment.

scholarly journals A model of the guinea-pig ventricular cardiac myocyte incorporating a transverse–axial tubular system

2008 ◽  
Vol 96 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 258-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Pásek ◽  
Jiři Šimurda ◽  
Clive H. Orchard ◽  
Georges Christé
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Cardiac Myocyte ◽  
Tubular System ◽  
Transverse Axial

Immunomodulations induced in rats by exercise on a treadmill

1990 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1912-1915 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ferry ◽  
B. L. Weill ◽  
M. Rieu
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Exercise Regimen ◽  
Long Duration

Various regimens of treadmill exercise (0% slope) were used with rats: 60 min at 15 m/min (T-15), 180 min at 10 m/min (T-10), and 60 min/day at 15 m/min for 6 consecutive days (T-15-6). Exercise resulted in 1) decreases in the absolute number of mononuclear spleen cells in T-10 rats, 2) significant increases in in vitro splenic T-cell blastogenesis in response to phytohemagglutinin in T-10 rats, and 3) significant decreases in T-cell blastogenesis in T-15-6 rats. T-15-6 rats were given aminoglutethimide per os before exercise sessions to study the role of corticosteroids in the alteration of splenic T-cell blastogenesis. Aminoglutethimide significantly increased the T-cell blastogenesis in these T-15-6 rats compared with those not given aminoglutethimide, whereas it had no effect on immune parameters of sedentary rats. These results show that immunomodulations in the rat depend on the treadmill exercise regimen employed. If the mechanisms of the immunomodulation induced by isolated exercise of long duration are not elucidated, these data suggest that corticosteroids are involved in the alteration in T-cell blastogenesis induced by chronic muscular exercise.

scholarly journals Is four-week underwater treadmill exercise regimen compared to home exercise efficacious for pain relief and functional improvement in obese patients with knee osteoarthritis? A randomized controlled trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilai Kuptniratsaikul ◽  
Chawalit Kittichaikarn ◽  
Phitsanu Suntornpiyapan ◽  
Kriangkrai Kovintaset ◽  
Suwicha Inthibal
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Quadriceps Strength ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Home Exercise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exercise Regimen

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of a four-week underwater treadmill exercise regimen compared to a home exercise regimen relative to pain relief and functional improvement in obese patients with knee osteoarthritis. Design: Single-blind randomized controlled trial. Setting: Outpatient. Participants: Eighty primary knee osteoarthritis with pain ⩾5/10 and body mass index ⩾25 kg/m2. Interventions: Daily quadriceps exercise at home for 30 minutes (control group) or underwater treadmill exercise (study group) for 30 minutes/day, three times/week for four weeks. Main outcomes: Pain score, six-minute walking distance, quadriceps strength, and body weight were evaluated at baseline and after four weeks. Adverse events, global assessment, and satisfaction index were assessed at the end of study. Results: All outcomes in both groups were significantly improved at the end of the study, except for body weight. The mean difference (95% confidence interval (CI)) in outcomes between groups were −0.53 (−1.31, 0.26) for pain; 10.81 (−11.9, 33.53) meters for 6-minute walking distance; 0.67 (−0.10, 1.44) kilograms for quadriceps strength; and 0.01 (−0.66, 0.68) kilograms for body weight. No significant differences were observed between groups, for the per protocol analysis or the intention-to-treat analysis. Participants in the study group evaluated significantly better global improvement and higher patient satisfaction than those in control group (13 (39.4%) vs. 4 (10.8%); P = 0.014 and 23 (69.7%) vs. 16 (43.2%); P = 0.021, respectively). Conclusion: Exercise using an underwater treadmill was found to be as efficacious as home exercise for relieving pain and improving function in obese people with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals 246 Salivary electrolyte turnover in mid-distance trained sled dogs during 12 weeks of incremental conditioning

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 60-60
Author(s):  
James Templeman ◽  
Noelle McCarthy ◽  
Michael Lindinger ◽  
Anna-Kate Shoveller
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Cardiovascular Stress ◽  
Sled Dogs ◽  
Exercise Regimen ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Salivary Electrolyte ◽  
Salivary Electrolytes ◽  
Electrolyte Replacement ◽  
Time Point

Abstract Regular exercise improves the health status of dogs; however, extreme exertion in the absence of adequate fluid and electrolyte replacement may decrease performance due to dehydration and cardiovascular stress. Unlike humans and horses, exercising dogs thermoregulate predominantly through respiratory and salivary losses, yet there is limited literature defining changes due to exercise in canine salivary electrolytes. The objective was to investigate the effects of a stepwise exercise regimen on salivary electrolyte concentrations in sled dogs. A training regimen was implemented whereby exercise intensity and duration increased incrementally over 12 weeks and was only altered due to inclement weather. Using sterile gauze and forceps, saliva samples were collected from 16 client owned Siberian Huskies at week-0 (pre-run, post-5.7km-run), week-6 (pre-run, 5.7km, post-39km-run), week-12 (pre-run, 5.7km, post-39km-run). Samples were analyzed for sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorous using photometric and indirect ion-selective electrode analysis. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS (v.9.4; SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). Means were separated using the Tukey adjustment. When compared across weeks, sodium, chloride, potassium, and calcium did not differ at any sampling time point. Throughout the 12 weeks, pre-run and 5.7km phosphorus, and 5.7 and 39km magnesium had increased (P < 0.05). Data were then pooled to evaluate changes due to run distance. Pre-run calcium and phosphorus was higher than at 5.7 and 39km (P < 0.05). Magnesium at 39km was greater than 5.7km, and at 5.7km was greater than pre-run (P < 0.05). Pre-run sodium was lower than at 5.7 and 39km (P < 0.05). Chloride at 5.7km was similar to pre-run and 39km, and at 39km was greater than pre-run (P < 0.05). These data suggest that as dogs become conditioned, they do not employ mechanisms to conserve salivary electrolytes, and that an electrolyte supplement with magnesium, sodium and chloride could be beneficial for sporting dogs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document