scholarly journals Opposing effects of bim and bcl-2 on lung endothelial cell migration

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (5) ◽  
pp. L607-L620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Grutzmacher ◽  
SunYoung Park ◽  
Tammy L. Elmergreen ◽  
Yixin Tang ◽  
Elizabeth A. Scheef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Endothelial Cell Migration ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Capillary Morphogenesis ◽  
Steady State Rate ◽  
Cell Adhesion And Migration ◽  
And Migration ◽  
And Function

Integration of cell adhesive, survival, and proliferative processes is essential for capillary morphogenesis of endothelial cells (EC) in vitro and vascular development and function in vivo. Unfortunately, the molecular and cellular mechanisms that impact these processes are poorly defined. Here we examined how lack of bim and/or bcl-2 expression impact lung EC function. The absence of bcl-2 or bim had a significant impact on EC adhesion and migration. Lack of bcl-2 expression decreased lung EC migration, whereas lack of bim expression increased migration compared with their wild-type counterparts. Decreased adhesion to fibronectin and vitronectin was observed in both bcl-2−/− and bim−/− lung EC, with bcl-2−/− EC having very little adhesion to either matrix protein. Capillary morphogenesis was greatly diminished in bcl-2−/− EC, which correlated with decreased lung alveolarization in vivo, an angiogenesis-dependent process. We also observed aberrant production of extracellular matrix proteins, eNOS expression, and nitric oxide production in bcl-2−/− lung EC, which could contribute to inability to undergo capillary morphogenesis. The changes in cell adhesion and migration noted in the absence of bim or bcl-2 were independent of their impact on apoptosis. We observed no significant affect on the steady-state rate of apoptosis of lung EC in the absence of bim or bcl-2. Thus, bcl-2 family members, bim and bcl-2, play a central role in modulation of EC proangiogenic properties, which goes beyond their role as simple mediators of mitochondrial homeostasis and apoptosis.

scholarly journals Glycocalyx-mediated Cell Adhesion and Migration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Schmidt ◽  
Bettina Weigelin ◽  
Joost te Riet ◽  
Veronika te Boekhorst ◽  
Mariska te Lindert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Adaptive Process ◽  
Nanoscale Interactions ◽  
Cell Adhesion And Migration ◽  
3D Environments ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Force Range ◽  
Membrane Deformations

SummaryCell migration is a force-dependent adaptive process mediated by integrin-dependent adhesion as well as other yet poorly defined interactions to the extracellular matrix. Using enzymatic multi-targeted digestion of sugar moieties on the surface of mesenchymal cells and leukocytes after interference with integrin function, we demonstrate that the surface glycocalyx represents an independent adhesion system. The glycocalyx mediates cell attachment to ECM ligand in the 100-500 pN force range and amoeboid migration in 3D environments in vitro and in vivo. Glycan-based adhesions consist of actin-rich membrane deformations and appositions associated with bleb-like and other protrusions forming complex-shaped sub-micron contact sites to ECM fibrils. These data implicate the glycocalyx in mediating generic stickiness to support nanoscale interactions (nanogrips) between the cell surface and ECM, mechano-coupling, and migration.

Syringic acid delivered via mPEG-PLGA-PLL nanoparticles enhances peripheral nerve regeneration effect

Nanomedicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (15) ◽  
pp. 1487-1499
Author(s):  
Yaofa Lin ◽  
Ronghua Yu ◽  
Gang Yin ◽  
Zixian Chen ◽  
Haodong Lin
Keyword(s):  
Storage Stability ◽  
Blood Compatibility ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Syringic Acid ◽  
Migration Ability ◽  
Neural Repair ◽  
And Migration ◽  
And Function

Aim: To deliver syringic acid (SA) with a nanocarrier and enhance its function. Materials & methods: mPEG-PLGA-PLL (PEAL) nanoparticles were used to deliver SA. The characterization, storage stability, drug release, blood-compatibility and biocompatibility of SA-PEAL were detected by in vitro and in vivo assays. Cellular phenotypic experiments and rat sciatic nerve injury models were used to evaluate the function of SA-PEALs. Results: SA-PEAL had good storage stability, blood-compatibility and biocompatibility and could slowly release SA. SA-PEAL significantly enhanced the proliferation and migration ability of Schwann cells and function recovery of injured sciatic nerves. Conclusion: Our study provides an effective nano-delivery system for enhancing the neural repair function of SA and promoting further applications of SA.

scholarly journals Ikaros is absolutely required for pre-B cell differentiation by attenuating IL-7 signals

2013 ◽  
Vol 210 (13) ◽  
pp. 2823-2832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beate Heizmann ◽  
Philippe Kastner ◽  
Susan Chan
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
B Cell Differentiation ◽  
B Cell Signaling ◽  
And Migration ◽  
And Function

Pre-B cell receptor (pre-BCR) signaling and migration from IL-7–rich environments cooperate to drive pre-B cell differentiation via transcriptional programs that remain unclear. We show that the Ikaros transcription factor is required for the differentiation of large pre-B to small pre-B cells. Mice deleted for Ikaros in pro/pre-B cells show a complete block of differentiation at the fraction C′ stage, and Ikaros-null pre-B cells cannot differentiate upon withdrawal of IL-7 in vitro. Restoration of Ikaros function rescues pre-B cell differentiation in vitro and in vivo and depends on DNA binding. Ikaros is required for the down-regulation of the pre-BCR, Igκ germline transcription, and Ig L chain recombination. Furthermore, Ikaros antagonizes the IL-7–dependent regulation of >3,000 genes, many of which are up- or down-regulated between fractions C′ and D. Affected genes include those important for survival, metabolism, B cell signaling, and function, as well as transcriptional regulators like Ebf1, Pax5, and the Foxo1 family. Our data thus identify Ikaros as a central regulator of IL-7 signaling and pre-B cell development.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Cell Fates of Induced Schwann Cells from Subcutaneous Fat Tissue and Naïve Schwann Cells in the Sciatic Nerve Injury Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzi Zhang ◽  
Mei Hua Jiang ◽  
Dae-Wook Kim ◽  
Woosung Ahn ◽  
Eunkyung Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Nerve Lesion ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Migration Capacity ◽  
And Function

Purpose. The fate and function of the induced Schwann cells (iSCs) like cells from adipose tissue have not been critically evaluated in vivo after transplantation. The objective of this study is to compare the fate of iSCs with naïve SCs (nSCs) after transplantation into the lesion sites of sciatic nerve, respectively. Methods. Adipose-derived stem cells from eGFP-expressing transgenic rat’s subcutaneous fat were induced to iSCs in vitro. iSCs were injected to the sciatic nerve lesion area after crush injury and the cells fate was comparatively analyzed with that of nSCs from the same rat. Results. At 12 weeks after transplantation, nSCs were detected only in the restricted area of cell transplantation site but iSCs were widely distributed all over the sciatic nerve. Based on double fluorescence observations, both iSCs and naïve ones were colocalized with P0-expressing myelin sheath, outbound by laminin-expressing basal membrane, and terminated at contactin-associated protein-expressing doublets. However, some of iSCs were also differentiated to the fibrocyte/fibroblast-like cells. In the histological analysis of repaired sciatic nerves, axon density was higher in iSC-received group than in the nSCs group and normal sciatic nerve. Conclusion. iSCs induced from subcutaneous fat tissues have higher engraftment and migration capacity than nSCs.

scholarly journals Expression of Eph receptors and their ligands, ephrins, during lipopolysaccharide fever in rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei I. Ivanov ◽  
Alexandre A. Steiner ◽  
Adrienne C. Scheck ◽  
Andrej A. Romanovsky
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Kinases ◽  
Eph Receptors ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Eph Receptor ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Cell Adhesion And Migration ◽  
Transcriptional Changes ◽  
And Migration

Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular (Eph) receptor tyrosine kinases and their ligands, ephrins, are involved in embryogenesis and oncogenesis by mediating cell adhesion and migration. Although ephrins can be induced by bacterial LPS in vitro, whether they are involved in inflammation in vivo is unknown. Using differential mRNA display, we found that a febrigenic dose of LPS (50 μg/kg iv) induces a strong transcriptional upregulation of ephrin-A1 in rat liver. We confirmed this finding by real-time RT-PCR. We then quantified the mRNA expression of different ephrins and Eph receptors at phases 1–3 of LPS fever in different organs. Febrile phases 2 (90 min post-LPS) and 3 (300 min) were characterized by robust upregulation (up to 16-fold) and downregulation (up to 21-fold) of several ephrins and Eph receptors. With the exception of EphA2, which showed upregulation in the brain at phase 2, expressional changes of Eph receptors and ephrins were limited to the LPS-processing organs: liver and lung. Characteristic, counter-directed changes in expressional regulation of Eph receptors and their corresponding ligands were found: upregulation of EphA2, downregulation of ephrin-A1 in the liver and lung at phase 2; downregulation of EphB3, upregulation of ephrin-B2 in the liver at phase 2; downregulation of EphA1 and EphA3, upregulation of ephrins-A1 and -A3 in liver at phase 3. In the liver, transcriptional changes of EphA2 and EphB3 at phase 2 were confirmed at protein level. These coordinated, phase-specific responses suggest that different sets of ephrins and Eph receptors may be involved in cellular events (such as disruption of tissue barriers and leukocyte transmigration) underlying different stages of systemic inflammatory response to LPS.

scholarly journals Isoflurane Preconditioning Promotes the Survival and Migration of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1331-1345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Sun ◽  
Qi-fang Li ◽  
Jia Yan ◽  
Rong Hu ◽  
Hong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Volatile Anesthetic ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
High Doses ◽  
And Migration ◽  
And Function

Background: Preconditioning with the volatile anesthetic isoflurane exerts protective effects in animal models of ischemia. The cytoprotective effects of isoflurane are dependent on the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), a dimeric transcription factor that mediates cellular responses to hypoxia. Methods: We investigated the effect of isoflurane preconditioning on bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) survival and function. Results: Short exposures to low isoflurane concentrations promoted in vitro survival and migration of BMSCs, whereas long exposures and high doses had the opposite effect. At specific doses and times, isoflurane upregulated the expression of HIF-1α and the stromal-derived factor-1 receptor CXCR4, and induced the activation of Akt, similar to hypoxia, and the effect of isoflurane was abrogated by silencing of HIF-1α or inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling. In vivo experiments showed that isoflurane preconditioning increased the engraftment of BMSCs into the ischemic brain and improved functional recovery in a mouse model of stroke. Conclusion: Isoflurane preconditioning at specific doses and times improves the survival and function of BMSCs through the upregulation of CXCR4 via a mechanism involving HIF-1α expression and the PI3K/Akt pathway, suggesting that anesthetic preconditioning could be developed as a strategy to improve the efficiency of cell therapy.

scholarly journals Fibronectin precoating wound bed enhances the therapeutic effects of autologous epidermal basal cell suspension for full-thickness wounds by improving epidermal stem cells’ utilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Zhicheng Hu ◽  
Xiaoling Cao ◽  
Shaobin Huang ◽  
Yunxian Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Epidermal Stem Cells ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Collagen Formation ◽  
And Migration ◽  
And Function ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Abstract Background Autologous epidermal basal cell suspension therapy has been proven to be one of the most effective treatments for full-thickness wounds. However, we found there remain obvious defects that significantly confined the utilization and function of the epidermal basal cells (EBCs), especially the epidermal stem cells (ESCs) in it. This study investigated whether precoating fibronectin (FN) on the wound bed before spraying EBCs could overcome these defects and further explored its possible mechanisms. Methods In the in vitro study, EBCs were isolated from the donor skin of patients who needed skin grafting. Different concentrations of FN were used to precoat culture dishes before cell culture; the adherent efficiency, proliferation and migration ability of ESCs were analyzed and compared with traditional collagen IV precoating. In the in vivo study, Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats with full-thickness skin wounds were selected as full-thickness wounds’ model. For the experiment groups, 20 μg/ml FN was precoated on the wound bed 10 min before EBC spray. The quality of wound healing was estimated by the residual wound area rate, wound healing time, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Expression of ESC markers, neovascular markers, inflammation markers, and collagen formation and degradation markers was elucidated by immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), western blot (WB), and RT-qPCR analysis. Results The in vitro study showed that the dishes precoated with 20 μg/ml FN had a similar adherent efficiency and colony formation rate with collagen IV, but it could improve the proliferation and migration of ESCs significantly. Similarly, in the in vivo study, precoating FN on wound bed before EBC spray also significantly promote wound healing by improving ESCs’ utilization efficiency, promoting angiogenesis, decreasing inflammations, and regulating collagen formation and degradation. Conclusion FN precoating wound bed before EBC spray could significantly promote full-thickness wound healing by improving the utilization and function of the ESCs and further by promoting angiogenesis, decreasing inflammations, and regulating collagen formation and degradation. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Warifteine, an Alkaloid Purified fromCissampelos sympodialis, Inhibits Neutrophil MigrationIn VitroandIn Vivo

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaline F. A. Lima ◽  
Juliana D. B. Rocha ◽  
Anderson B. Guimarães-Costa ◽  
José M. Barbosa-Filho ◽  
Débora Decoté-Ricardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Neutrophil Function ◽  
Intracellular Camp ◽  
Cell Adhesion And Migration ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
And Migration

Cissampelos sympodialisEichl is a plant from the Northeast and Southeast of Brazil. Its root infusion is popularly used for treatment of inflammatory and allergic diseases. We investigated whether warifteine, its main alkaloid, would have anti-inflammatory effect due to a blockage of neutrophil function.In vivowarifteine treatment inhibited casein-induced neutrophil migration to the peritoneal cavity but did not inhibit neutrophil mobilization from the bone marrow. Analysis of the direct effect of warifteine upon neutrophil adherence and migrationin vitrodemonstrated that the alkaloid decreased cell adhesion to P and E-selectin-transfected cells. In addition, fLMP-induced neutrophil migration in a transwell system was blocked by warifteine; this effect was mimicked by cAMP mimetic/inducing substances, and warifteine increased intracellular cAMP levels in neutrophils. The production of DNA extracellular traps (NETs) was also blocked by warifteine but there was no alteration on PMA-induced oxidative burst or LPS-stimulated TNFαsecretion. Taken together, our data indicate that the alkaloid warifteine is a potent anti-inflammatory substance and that it has an effect on neutrophil migration through a decrease in both cell adhesion and migration.

Measurement of Cell Adhesion and Migration on Protein-Coated Surfaces

1991 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. DiMilla ◽  
Julie A. Stone ◽  
Steven M. Albelda ◽  
Douglas A. Lauffenburger ◽  
John A. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Critical Shear Stress ◽  
Cell Movement ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Cell Adhesion And Migration ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Coated Surfaces

ABSTRACTThe performance of biomaterials forin vivoandin vitroapplications can depend critically on tissue cell adhesion and migration. We have been investigating the role that specific reversible interactions between cell adhesion receptors and complementary substratum-bound ligands play in the regulation of cell adhesion and migration. With an axisymmetric radial flow detachment assay (RFDA) [1] we measured cell-substratum adhesive strength for human smooth muscle cells (HSMCs) on surfaces coated with type IV collagen (CIV). We found that the critical shear stress for detachment increased linearly with increasing CIV coating concentration. Using time-lapse videomicroscopy and image analysis we tracked the movement of individual HSMCs over similar CIV-coated surfaces. Cell speed and persistence were determined for variations in CIV coating concentration by applying a persistent random walk model for individual cell movement. Cell speed reached a maximum at an intermediate concentration of CIV, supporting the hypothesis that an optimal cell-substratum adhesiveness exists for HSMC movement. This combination of techniques for measuring adhesion and motility provides a valuable tool to examine the role of cell-biomaterial interactions on cell behavior.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document