Regulation of the level of uncoupling protein in brown adipose tissue by insulin

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (2) ◽  
pp. R418-R424 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Geloen ◽  
P. Trayhurn
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Epididymal White Adipose Tissue

The role of insulin in the regulation of the thermogenic activity and capacity (uncoupling protein content) of brown adipose tissue (BAT) has been investigated using mice made diabetic with streptozotocin and then subsequently infused with different doses of insulin. After 12 days of diabetes, the animals received either 0, 8, 16, or 32 units of insulin.kg body wt-1.day-1 delivered by osmotic minipumps implanted subcutaneously for 12 days. After 12 days of diabetes, body weight, interscapular BAT, and epididymal white adipose tissue weights were each reduced. In BAT, significant decreases (P less than 0.05) in the mitochondrial protein content (63%), cytochrome oxidase activity (79%), mitochondrial GDP binding (51%), and the specific mitochondrial concentration and total tissue content of uncoupling protein (71 and 89%, respectively) were obtained, indicating that the thermogenic activity and capacity of the tissue were reduced in diabetes. The infusion of insulin at a dose of 8 units.kg-1.day-1 normalized mitochondrial GDP binding and doubled the concentration of uncoupling protein. Body weight, epididymal white adipose tissue weight, and the mitochondrial protein content of BAT were restored with 16 units of insulin.kg-1.day-1. Higher doses of insulin did not further increase the specific mitochondrial concentration of uncoupling protein, but the mitochondrial content (and thereby the total uncoupling protein content) of BAT was increased and blood glucose normalized. There was a significant correlation between the dose of insulin replacement and several of the parameters measured in BAT: mitochondrial protein content (r = 0.68, P less than 0.001), cytochrome oxidase activity (r = 0.54, P less than 0.001), and total uncoupling protein content (r = 0.68, P less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Thermogenic and lipogenic activities in brown adipose tissue of I-strain mice

1985 ◽  
Vol 231 (3) ◽  
pp. 761-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Bazin ◽  
D Ricquier ◽  
F Dupuy ◽  
J Hoover-Plow ◽  
M Lavau
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthetase ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose

The thermogenic capacity of brown adipose tissue has been investigated in I-strain mice to determine whether this tissue could play a role in the lower efficiency of food utilization reported in this strain of mice. (1) As compared with C57BL mice (a control strain), interscapular-brown-adipose-tissue weight and lipid percentage were decreased by 40% and 13% respectively in I-strain mice. (2) Mitochondrial protein content and cytochrome c oxidase activity were similar in the two strains, but the number of mitochondrial GDP-binding sites and uncoupling-protein content were increased by 2-fold in I-strain mice. (3) Fatty acid synthetase and citrate-cleavage enzyme (units/mg of protein) were 3-fold higher in the brown adipose tissue of I-strain mice. These results indicate that I-strain mice possess a very active brown adipose tissue. This enhanced capacity of energy dissipation in brown adipose tissue could contribute to the decreased capacity of I-strain mice to store adipose tissue.

Responses to cafeteria feeding in mice after the removal of interscapular brown adipose tissue

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 877-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Connolly ◽  
J. A. Carnie
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Wet Weight

Feeding acafeteria diet to mice resulted in an increased energy intake of approximately 30% and this led to increases in the wet weight, total protein content, and total cytochrome oxidase activity of interscapular and dorso-cervical brown adipose tissue. Surgical removal of interscapular brown adipose tissue, followed by cafeteria feeding, gave rise to an elevation in dorso-cervical brown adipose tissue wet weight, total protein content, and total cytochrome oxidase activity, compared to intact cafeteria-fed mice. Cafeteria feeding with or without the removal of interscapular brown adipose tissue did not lead to significant increases in body weight compared to stock-fed control mice, but both cafeteria-fed groups of mice showed significant elevations in body fat content indicating that the induced hyperphagia led to a relative obesity in the cafeteria-fed groups. The results presented are consistent with an increased thermogenic activity in the brown adipose tissue of cafeteria-fed mice, and the effect of the removal of interscapular brown adipose tissue further indicates the quantitative importance of the tissue in the control of body weight.

Metabolic adaptations in brown adipose tissue of the hamster in extreme ambient temperatures

1976 ◽  
Vol 231 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Rabi ◽  
Y Cassuto
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Heat Acclimation ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Tissue Respiration ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidases ◽  
Brown Adipose

Cold acclimation caused the following changes in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) of the hamster: the relative weight of the tissue increased, it color darkened, the multilocular structure predominated, and tissue protein content increased while fat content decreased. There was also an increase in the mitochondrial protein content. Heat acclimation had the opposite effects, i.e., the color became lighter, total and mitochondrial protein decreased, fat content increased, and tissue structure was mostly unilocular. Accordingly, cold acclimation was accompanied by increased tissue respiration in the presence of chi-glycerophosphate (chi-GP) and succinate, whereas heat acclimation reduced the respiratory activity of the tissue with these substrates. Isolated BAT mitochondria from cold-acclimated animals increased activities of chi-GP and NADH oxidase, whereas the activities of succinic and cytochrome oxidases and the amount of mitochondrial cytochromes were unchanged. The effects of heat acclimation were more pronounced: there was a decrease in the activities of chi-GP, succinic, NADH, and cytochrome oxidases, as well as in the cytochrome a and a3 content. When respiration of tissue slices on succinate was compared to the maximal potential respiration, as measured with mitochondria disrupted by freezing and thawing, it was found that the relative activity (slices vs. disrupted mitochondria) was highest in cold-acclimated animals and decreased progressively with increasing acclimation temperatures. It is suggested that the differences in the apparent activity of the mitochondria were due to changes in the conformation of the mitochondria as a result of acclimation.

Evidence that fasting can induce a selective loss of uncoupling protein from brown adipose tissue mitochondria of mice

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 805-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Trayhurn ◽  
G. Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase Activity ◽  
Selective Loss ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Fasting And Refeeding ◽  
Total Tissue

The effects of fasting and refeeding on the concentration of uncoupling protein in brown adipose tissue mitochondria have been investigated in mice. Fasting mice for 48 h led to a large decrease in the total cytochrome oxidase activity of the interscapular brown fat pad. Mitochondrial GDP binding and the specific mitochondrial concentration of uncoupling protein also fell on fasting. After 24 h refeeding both GDP binding and the mitochondrial concentration of uncoupling protein were normalized, but there was no alteration in the total tissue cytochrome oxidase activity. Fasting appears to induce a selective loss of uncoupling protein from brown adipose tissue mitochondria, which is rapidly reversible on refeeding.

Results of the study on principles of brown adipose tissue deposits and characteristics of its fatty acids in pasture sheep lambs

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Ch Khorolmaa ◽  
Sh Demberel ◽  
B Battsetseg ◽  
G Gereltsetseg ◽  
S Andrei
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acids Composition ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Total Body

Brown adipose tissue in newborn lambs accounts for 4.52% of total body weight, then during postpartum period it intensively decreases, reaching 1.5% after a week, and finally it is gradually adsorbed or replaced with white adipose tissue. Fatty acids composition of lamb brown adipose tissue includes 17 unsaturated fatty acids (53.23%) and 11 saturated ones (46.95%).Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.15(2) 2015; 38-42

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Long Noncoding RNAs of Brown to White Adipose Tissue Transformation in Goats

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linjie Wang ◽  
Xin Yang ◽  
Yuehua Zhu ◽  
Siyuan Zhan ◽  
Zhe Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Perirenal Fat

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the thermogenesis and energy storage of brown adipose tissue (BAT). However, knowledge of the cellular transition from BAT to white adipose tissue (WAT) and the potential role of lncRNAs in goat adipose tissue remains largely unknown. In this study, we analyzed the transformation from BAT to WAT using histological and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) gene analyses. Brown adipose tissue mainly existed within the goat perirenal fat at 1 day and there was obviously a transition from BAT to WAT from 1 day to 1 year. The RNA libraries constructed from the perirenal adipose tissues of 1 day, 30 days, and 1 year goats were sequenced. A total number of 21,232 lncRNAs from perirenal fat were identified, including 5393 intronic-lncRNAs and 3546 antisense-lncRNAs. Furthermore, a total of 548 differentially expressed lncRNAs were detected across three stages (fold change ≥ 2.0, false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05), and six lncRNAs were validated by qPCR. Furthermore, trans analysis found lncRNAs that were transcribed close to 890 protein-coding genes. Additionally, a coexpression network suggested that 4519 lncRNAs and 5212 mRNAs were potentially in trans-regulatory relationships (r > 0.95 or r < −0.95). In addition, Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses showed that the targeted genes were involved in the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, fatty acid elongation and metabolism, the citrate cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathways. The present study provides a comprehensive catalog of lncRNAs involved in the transformation from BAT to WAT and provides insight into understanding the role of lncRNAs in goat brown adipogenesis.

Leptin selectively reduces white adipose tissue in mice via a UCP1-dependent mechanism in brown adipose tissue

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (2) ◽  
pp. E372-E377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott P. Commins ◽  
Patricia M. Watson ◽  
Isabell C. Frampton ◽  
Thomas W. Gettys
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Peripheral Mechanism ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Deficient Mice ◽  
Dependent Mechanism

We tested the hypothesis that leptin, in addition to reducing body fat by restraining food intake, reduces body fat through a peripheral mechanism requiring uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Leptin was administered to wild-type (WT) mice and mice with a targeted disruption of the UCP1 gene (UCP1 deficient), while vehicle-injected control animals of each genotype were pair-fed to each leptin-treated group. Leptin reduced the size of white adipose tissue (WAT) depots in WT mice but not in UCP1-deficient animals. This was accompanied by a threefold increase in the amount of UCP1 protein and mRNA in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) of WT mice. Leptin also increased UCP2 mRNA in WAT of both WT and UCP1-deficient mice but increased UCP2 and UCP3 mRNA only in BAT from UCP1-deficient mice. These results indicate that leptin reduces WAT through a peripheral mechanism requiring the presence of UCP1, with little or no involvement of UCP2 or UCP3.

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